RESUMO
This study evaluated the association between keratinized mucosa (KM) and peri-implant health of external hexagon implants in the posterior region in 84 patients with 242 implants. Modified plaque index (MPI), modified sulcular bleeding index (MSBI), probing depth (PD), keratinized mucosa (KM) width, and peri-implant bone loss were evaluated. The implants were divided according to the KM: (1) absence of KM, (2) KM width >0 and <2 mm, and (3) KM width ≥2 mm. Of the 242 implants evaluated, 63 (26.0%) had no KM band, 56 (23.1%) had KM width <2 mm, and 123 (50.8%) had KM width ≥2 mm. One hundred and sixty-seven (69.0%) were used in multiple unit restorations and 75 (31.0%) in single tooth restorations; 66.9% were placed in the mandible and 33.1% in the maxilla. For single tooth and multiple unit implant restorations, MPI (P=0.069 and P=0.387, respectively), MSBI (P=0.695 and P=0.947, respectively), PD (P=0.270 and P=0.258, respectively), and mesial bone loss (P=0.121 and P=0.239, respectively) were not affected by the KM width. On the distal surface, bone loss was influenced by the absence of KM when single tooth implant restorations were used (P=0.032). No association was found between KM width and the peri-implant tissue health.
Assuntos
Implantes Dentários , Humanos , Estudos de Coortes , Maxila/cirurgia , Mucosa , MandíbulaRESUMO
The objective of this study was to assess the resorption index of particulate calvarial grafts in maxillary sinuses of patients undergoing total reconstruction of an atrophic maxilla with residual alveolar bone that was less than, or equal to, 3mm thick. Twenty-one maxillary sinus floor elevations were carried out using particulate calvarial grafts in 11 individuals with totally edentulous maxillas. All patients had computed tomography (CT) before (T0), and 48hours (T1) and six months after surgery (T2). For each CT scan, linear measurements were taken of sections of the anterior, medial, and posterior regions of the maxillary sinus. There was a significant increase in the height of the maxillary sinus floor when T0 was compared with T1 (p=0.001). There was a statistically significant reduction in all maxillary sinus measurements when T1 was compared with T2; the mean height reduction being 2.36mm (16.87%) in the anterior region, 3.53mm (22.47%) in the medial region, and 2.21mm (22.78%) in the posterior region (p=0.001). Mean resorption was 20.7%. Autogenous calvarial bone used alone is an option for graft material in pneumatised maxillary sinuses and in cases where there is limited alveolar bone.
Assuntos
Implantes Dentários , Levantamento do Assoalho do Seio Maxilar , Transplante Ósseo , Implantação Dentária Endóssea , Humanos , Maxila/diagnóstico por imagem , Maxila/cirurgia , Seio Maxilar/diagnóstico por imagem , Seio Maxilar/cirurgia , Estudos ProspectivosRESUMO
This study was performed to evaluate the short-term preservation of alveolar bone volume with or without a polypropylene barrier and exposure of the area after extractions. Thirty posterior tooth extraction sockets were distributed randomly to a control group (n=15; extraction and suture) and a barrier group (n=15; extraction, barrier, and suture). All sutures and barriers were removed 10 days postoperatively. Cone beam computed tomography scans taken with the aid of a tomographic guide were obtained preoperatively, immediately postoperative, and at 120 days postoperative. A visual analysis of the coronal sections of the alveolus was performed, and vertical loss in the mesial, distal, buccal, and lingual bone ridges and horizontal thickness were evaluated. The mean vertical loss after extraction did not differ significantly between the control and barrier groups (Student t-test: mesial P= 0.989, buccal P= 0.997, lingual/palatal P= 0.070, distal P= 0.107). The mean vertical loss at 120 days postoperative did not differ significantly between the control (0.65 mm) and barrier (0.52 mm) groups (P> 0.05), with an effect size of 0.13 mm. At 120 days, the barrier group presented a mean resorption in thickness (0.45 mm) that was significantly lower than that in the control group (0.76 mm) (P= 0.021), with an effect size of 0.31 mm. The polypropylene barrier reduced the horizontal resorption in sockets of posterior teeth after extraction.