RESUMO
Neonatal care has improved greatly in recent years, focusing its efforts on low weight and premature children. Literature has considered prematurity under several focuses, recommending the following of growth and development in a systematic way. The present study tries to present a review of the literature on nursing care in the follow-up to premature children, in order to promote a reflection about the health care given to this customers. Authors searched in the data bank of the University of São Paulo, international periodicals and recent books. In general, studies focus on nursing role and strategies, such as home visits, in order to provide follow-up for the children and give orientations to mothers, as well as give support to the families. Studies emphasize the importance of multiprofessional teams working with mothers, children and families from neonatal intensive care to the post-neonatal period. The following of children brings out the need of reorganization and integration of health services, as well as the improvement of the relationships between professionals and families. Therefore, it is important to characterize the follow-up of this children, enabling the way for a more effective role in nursing care.
Assuntos
Cuidado do Lactente , Recém-Nascido de Baixo Peso , Recém-Nascido Prematuro , Enfermagem Neonatal , Seguimentos , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Equipe de Assistência ao Paciente , Relações Profissional-FamíliaRESUMO
Children morbimortality rates in Brazil provide some indications about the life patterns of certain social groups, considered as risk groups, due to their vulnerability to a number of health impairments, but they do no display a clear picture of their quality of life. The present study aims to describe the steps undertaken by the authors to construct a qualitative research study on maternal living conditions and lifestyle, discussing certain aspects related to the study's design, such as, the definition of the research problem, the theoretical framework and data collection, particularly, the use of oral reports by mothers and the advantages and difficulties of this technique. Such narratives make it possible for researchers to come to know the needs, worries and strategies mothers use to care for their children's health, as well as, expose some wider social determinants of their life patterns. The knowledge thus generated is important to orientate the organization of policies and social practices to be developed by the health sector.
Assuntos
Proteção da Criança , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , Entrevistas como Assunto/métodos , Mães/psicologia , Pesquisa Metodológica em Enfermagem/métodos , Projetos de Pesquisa , Adolescente , Adulto , Brasil/epidemiologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Coleta de Dados/métodos , Feminino , Indicadores Básicos de Saúde , Humanos , Lactente , Mortalidade Infantil , Estilo de Vida , Morbidade , Avaliação das Necessidades , Qualidade de Vida , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
The purpose of this study is to reflect about the assistance to be given to parents of preterm and low weight babies, born in neonatal units, based on existing literature and the authors' practical experiences. Although mothers right to be close to their babies is assured by law, most of the nurseries still keep strict visit schedules to parents. However, there are some units where mothers' permanency is allowed. The question, in these cases, is if parents effective involvement in the care of the baby should or should not be allowed. For the nursing care unit, the authors suggest some intervention strategies to adapt parents to the new situation, and to strengthen the relationship between them and the baby. The recommendations are as follows: parents free access to the nurseries; motivation of early physical contact between parents and baby; implementation of multi-professional support groups to help parents during the different stages of clinical evolution; incentive for breastfeeding, and direct care of the babies; structuring of formal and informal groups of support for parents during and after hospitalization.