RESUMO

Several reports have shown the positive effects of ß-glucans on the immune. Howeverthese studies have a broad experimental design including ß-glucans compounds. Consequently, a study using the same ß-glucan molecule, administration route and experimental design is needed to compare the effects of ß-glucan across vertebrate species. For this end, during 28 days we fed four different vertebrate species: mice, dogs, piglets and chicks, with two ß-glucan molecules (BG01 and BG02). We measured the serum interleukin 2 as an indicator of innate immune response, the neutrophils and monocytes phagocytosis index as a cellular response and antibody formation as an adaptive response. The results clearly showed that the different ß-glucan molecules exhibited biologically differently behaviors, but both molecules stimulate the immune system in a similar pattern in these four species. This finding suggests that vertebrates shared similar mechanisms/patterns in recognizing the ß-glucans and confirms the benefits of ß-glucans across different vertebrate species.

Assuntos

Sistema Imunitário/imunologia , Sistema Imunitário/metabolismo , beta-Glucanas/metabolismo , Imunidade Adaptativa , Ração Animal , Animais , Suplementos Nutricionais , Cães , Feminino , Imunidade Inata , Masculino , Camundongos , Fagocitose/imunologia , Suínos , Vertebrados

RESUMO

New porous composites LnBDC@AC (AC = Activated carbon, Ln = Eu and Gd and BDC = 1,4-benzenedicaboxylate) and CB[6]@AC (CB[6] = Cucurbit[6]uril) were obtained using hydrothermal route. The LnBDC and CB[B] are located inside the pore of the carbon materials as was observed in SEM-EDS, XRPD and FT-IR analysis. Porosimetry analysis showed values typically between AC and LnBDC material, with pore size and surface area, respectively, 29,56 Å and 353.98 m2g-1 for LnBDC@AC and 35,53 Å and 353.98 m2g-1 for CB[6]@AC. Both materials showed good absorptive capacity of metil orange (MO) and methylene blue (MB) with selectivity as a function of pH. For acid pH, both materials present selectivity by MB and alkaline pH for MO, with notable performance for CB[6]@AC. Additionally, europium luminescence was used as structural probe to investigate the coordination environment of Eu3+ ions in the EuBDC@AC composite after adsorption experiment.

Assuntos

Compostos Azo/química , Azul de Metileno/química , Adsorção , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura , Porosidade , Difração de Pó , Espectroscopia de Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier , Propriedades de Superfície

RESUMO

The reaction between cucurbit[6]uril (CB[6]) and lanthanide chlorides (Eu, Sm, Tb and Tm) in acidic aqueous media led to four new structures. The compounds obtained are isostructural with general formula [Ln2(H2O)12(H2O@CB[6])]Cl6(H2O)4 (Ln = Eu(3+) (1), Sm(3+) (2), Tb(3+) (3) and Tm(3+) (4)) and crystallize in the P21/c space group. For the complexes with Eu(3+), Sm(3+) and Tb(3+), the luminescent properties in the solid state and aqueous media were explored and all spectroscopic observations are in excellent agreement with the single crystal structure data. The excitation and emission spectra show the typical f-f transitions characteristic of the trivalent lanthanide ions. The transitions (7)FJ ← (5)D1 (J = 0,1,2) in the europium compound and (7)FJ ← (5)D4 (J = 0,1,2) in the terbium compound, not yet reported in lanthanide-CB[n] compounds, were also observed.