RESUMO
Abstract Phosphorus (P) use efficiency is crucial for sorghum production. P acquisition efficiency is the most important component of P use efficiency. The early-stage evaluation of plant development is a useful tool for identifying P-efficient genotypes. This study aimed to identify sorghum hybrids that are efficient in P use efficiency and assess the genetic diversity among hybrids based on traits related to P acquisition efficiency. Thus, 38 sorghum hybrids and two inbred lines (checks) were evaluated under low and high P in a paper pouch system with nutrient solution. Biomass and root traits related to P efficiency were measured. There was no interaction between genotypes and P levels concerning all evaluated traits. The biomass and root traits, except root diameter, presented smaller means under low P than high P. Efficient and inefficient hybrids under each P level were identified. The genetic diversity assessment grouped these genotypes in different clusters. The hybrids AG1090, MSK326, AG1060, 1G100, AS 4639, DKB 540, and DKB 590 were superior under low-P and high-P. Hybrids SC121, 1236020 e 1167017 presented the lowest means than all other hybrids, under both conditions. The evaluated hybrids showed phenotypic diversity for traits related to P acquisition, such as root length and root surface area, which can be useful for establishing selection strategies for sorghum breeding programs and increasing P use efficiency.
Resumo A eficiência do uso do fósforo (P) é fundamental para a produção de sorgo. A avaliação no estágio inicial do desenvolvimento da planta é uma ferramenta útil para a identificação de genótipos eficientes de P. Este trabalho teve como objetivo identificar híbridos de sorgo que sejam eficientes ao uso de P e avaliar a diversidade genética entre os híbridos com base em características relacionadas à eficiência de aquisição de P. Assim, 38 híbridos de sorgo e duas linhagens (testemunhas) foram avaliados sob baixo e alto P em sistema de pastas de papel com solução nutritiva. Características de biomassa e de raiz relacionadas à eficiência de P foram mensuradas. Não houve interação entre genótipos e níveis de P em todas as características avaliadas. As características de biomassa e raiz, exceto o diâmetro da raiz, apresentaram médias menores sob baixo P em comparação com alto P. Híbridos eficientes e ineficientes sob cada nível de P foram identificados e agrupados quanto à diversidade genética. Os híbridos AG1090, MSK326, AG1060, 1G100, AS 4639, DKB 540 e DKB 590 foram superiores sob baixo-P e alto-P. Os híbridos SC121, 1236020 e 1167017 apresentaram as menores médias que todos os outros híbridos, em ambas condições. Os híbridos avaliados apresentaram diversidade fenotípica para características relacionadas à aquisição de P, como comprimento e área superficial da raiz, o que pode ser útil para estabelecer estratégias de seleção para programas de melhoramento de sorgo e aumentar a eficiência de uso do P.
RESUMO
Phosphorus (P) use efficiency is crucial for sorghum production. P acquisition efficiency is the most important component of P use efficiency. The early-stage evaluation of plant development is a useful tool for identifying P-efficient genotypes. This study aimed to identify sorghum hybrids that are efficient in P use efficiency and assess the genetic diversity among hybrids based on traits related to P acquisition efficiency. Thus, 38 sorghum hybrids and two inbred lines (checks) were evaluated under low and high P in a paper pouch system with nutrient solution. Biomass and root traits related to P efficiency were measured. There was no interaction between genotypes and P levels concerning all evaluated traits. The biomass and root traits, except root diameter, presented smaller means under low P than high P. Efficient and inefficient hybrids under each P level were identified. The genetic diversity assessment grouped these genotypes in different clusters. The hybrids AG1090, MSK326, AG1060, 1G100, AS 4639, DKB 540, and DKB 590 were superior under low-P and high-P. Hybrids SC121, 1236020 e 1167017 presented the lowest means than all other hybrids, under both conditions. The evaluated hybrids showed phenotypic diversity for traits related to P acquisition, such as root length and root surface area, which can be useful for establishing selection strategies for sorghum breeding programs and increasing P use efficiency.
A eficiência do uso do fósforo (P) é fundamental para a produção de sorgo. A avaliação no estágio inicial do desenvolvimento da planta é uma ferramenta útil para a identificação de genótipos eficientes de P. Este trabalho teve como objetivo identificar híbridos de sorgo que sejam eficientes ao uso de P e avaliar a diversidade genética entre os híbridos com base em características relacionadas à eficiência de aquisição de P. Assim, 38 híbridos de sorgo e duas linhagens (testemunhas) foram avaliados sob baixo e alto P em sistema de pastas de papel com solução nutritiva. Características de biomassa e de raiz relacionadas à eficiência de P foram mensuradas. Não houve interação entre genótipos e níveis de P em todas as características avaliadas. As características de biomassa e raiz, exceto o diâmetro da raiz, apresentaram médias menores sob baixo P em comparação com alto P. Híbridos eficientes e ineficientes sob cada nível de P foram identificados e agrupados quanto à diversidade genética. Os híbridos AG1090, MSK326, AG1060, 1G100, AS 4639, DKB 540 e DKB 590 foram superiores sob baixo-P e alto-P. Os híbridos SC121, 1236020 e 1167017 apresentaram as menores médias que todos os outros híbridos, em ambas condições. Os híbridos avaliados apresentaram diversidade fenotípica para características relacionadas à aquisição de P, como comprimento e área superficial da raiz, o que pode ser útil para estabelecer estratégias de seleção para programas de melhoramento de sorgo e aumentar a eficiência de uso do P.
Assuntos
Fósforo , Variação Genética , Hidroponia , Sorghum/crescimento & desenvolvimentoRESUMO
Phosphorus (P) use efficiency is crucial for sorghum production. P acquisition efficiency is the most important component of P use efficiency. The early-stage evaluation of plant development is a useful tool for identifying P-efficient genotypes. This study aimed to identify sorghum hybrids that are efficient in P use efficiency and assess the genetic diversity among hybrids based on traits related to P acquisition efficiency. Thus, 38 sorghum hybrids and two inbred lines (checks) were evaluated under low and high P in a paper pouch system with nutrient solution. Biomass and root traits related to P efficiency were measured. There was no interaction between genotypes and P levels concerning all evaluated traits. The biomass and root traits, except root diameter, presented smaller means under low P than high P. Efficient and inefficient hybrids under each P level were identified. The genetic diversity assessment grouped these genotypes in different clusters. The hybrids AG1090, MSK326, AG1060, 1G100, AS 4639, DKB 540, and DKB 590 were superior under low-P and high-P. Hybrids SC121, 1236020 e 1167017 presented the lowest means than all other hybrids, under both conditions. The evaluated hybrids showed phenotypic diversity for traits related to P acquisition, such as root length and root surface area, which can be useful for establishing selection strategies for sorghum breeding programs and increasing P use efficiency.
Assuntos
Sorghum , Genótipo , Hidroponia , Fósforo , Locos de Características Quantitativas , Sorghum/genéticaRESUMO
Talon cusp is an uncommon condition often present in the maxillary incisors and mandibular premolars. Morphologically, this anomaly has a well-delineated cusp that extends at least half the distance from the cementoenamel junction or cingulum area to the incisal edge. The alteration can cause clinical problems such as caries or occlusal interference. Management of the talon cusp varies according to the circumstances of the individual case and should be as conservative as possible. Presented is a case of bilateral bifid talon cusp in maxillary central incisors that was successfully managed with conservative therapy.
Assuntos
Incisivo/anormalidades , Condicionamento Ácido do Dente , Adolescente , Bis-Fenol A-Glicidil Metacrilato , Compômeros , Cárie Dentária/terapia , Preparo da Cavidade Dentária , Restauração Dentária Permanente , Adesivos Dentinários , Cimentos de Ionômeros de Vidro , Humanos , Masculino , Maxila , Selantes de Fossas e Fissuras/uso terapêutico , Colo do Dente/anormalidades , Coroa do Dente/anormalidadesRESUMO
CASE REPORT: This paper presents a rare case of bilateral talon cusp in permanent maxillary central incisors, one on the labial and another on the lingual surface of each tooth. The condition was associated with dens invaginatus in a maxillary permanent lateral incisor, but no developmental syndrome was identified. The left central incisor required no treatment because the aesthetic appearance was satisfactory and neither occlusal interferences nor caries were present. After careful investigation of the right lateral incisor, a sealant was applied. Root canal treatment was indicated for the right central incisor that had a wide open apex with thin, weak, divergent walls, and an apical radiolucency.
Assuntos
Dens in Dente , Incisivo/anormalidades , Coroa do Dente/anormalidades , Adulto , Dens in Dente/complicações , Dens in Dente/terapia , Feminino , Humanos , Maxila , Periodontite Periapical/complicações , Periodontite Periapical/terapia , Tratamento do Canal RadicularRESUMO
Dens invaginatus is a well-known and well-established anomaly of development. Because it appears in various and complex forms, its diagnosis and treatment may be difficult. This paper presents different options based on anomaly variations, taking into consideration clinical and radiographic aspects as well as other criteria for treatment planning.
Assuntos
Dens in Dente/terapia , Tratamento do Canal Radicular , Apicectomia , Dens in Dente/patologia , Cavidade Pulpar/patologia , Necrose da Polpa Dentária/prevenção & controle , Humanos , Incisivo/anormalidades , Planejamento de Assistência ao Paciente , Coroa do Dente/anormalidades , Raiz Dentária/anormalidadesRESUMO
A case of dens invaginatus in a mandibular first premolar with periapical lesion is presented in which it was possible to perform non-surgical endodontic therapy. Dens invaginatus is a developmental malformation of teeth which results from abnormal morphodifferentiation. Due to their abnormal anatomical configuration, invaginated teeth present technical difficulties in their clinical management. The treatment modalities available to the clinician include: endodontic therapy, endodontic surgery, combined treatment, or extraction. In this case the treatment of choice, selected according to clinical and radiographic considerations, was endodontic therapy of the main root canal.