RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Prevalence of psychiatric disorders in burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is high, but their role in the pathogenesis of BMS remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: The authors aimed to assess the frequency of psychiatric disorders and the severity of psychopathology in BMS. METHODS: Thirty BMS patients and thirty-one controls underwent a psychiatric evaluation which included a structured interview (MINI-Plus) and five psychometric scales. A Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was used to measure the intensity of burning sensation. RESULTS: Patients with BMS showed a higher frequency of current major depressive disorder, past major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, hypochondria and cancerophobia (p<0.05). In BMS patients, generalized anxiety disorder was significantly associated with current major depression and social phobia (p<0.05). As expected, cancerophobia was significantly associated with hypochondria (p<0.05). Patients with BMS had higher scores in Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and Dutch Fatigue Scale (DUFS) (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: BMS patients may have a particular psychological and/or psychiatric profile. Psychometric scales might be useful in screening psychiatric disorders, as well as for assessment of treatment outcomes. In the presence of clinical relevant psychiatric symptoms, patients must be treated appropriately.
Assuntos
Transtornos de Ansiedade/diagnóstico , Síndrome da Ardência Bucal/complicações , Transtorno Depressivo Maior/diagnóstico , Hipocondríase/diagnóstico , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Transtornos de Ansiedade/complicações , Transtornos de Ansiedade/psicologia , Síndrome da Ardência Bucal/psicologia , Transtorno Depressivo Maior/complicações , Transtorno Depressivo Maior/psicologia , Feminino , Humanos , Hipocondríase/complicações , Hipocondríase/psicologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Escalas de Graduação PsiquiátricaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to evaluate the effects of salivary stimulation therapy on the salivary flow, quality of saliva, and symptoms in patients with burning mouth syndrome (BMS). BACKGROUND: BMS is a chronic disorder characterized by a burning sensation. Some reports have proposed a role for saliva in the pathogenesis of BMS. METHODS: Twenty-six BMS patients underwent treatment with salivary mechanical stimulation. Resting and stimulated saliva were collected before and after therapy. Salivary levels of total protein, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, interleukin-10, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and nerve growth factor were assessed before and 90 days after therapy by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: A significant reduction in the burning sensation and number of burning sites as well as an improvement of taste disturbances and xerostomia were observed after therapy. The salivary flow was not significantly modified. However, the therapy resulted in a significant decrease in salivary levels of total protein and an increase of tumor necrosis factor-α. CONCLUSION: Salivary mechanical stimulation therapy is effective in reducing clinical symptoms of BMS.