RESUMO
This study aimed to profile the clinical progression, demographics, and oxidative status of COVID-19 patients, correlating with disease severity. The study included 143 participants: 93 patients with COVID-19 (28 outpatients, 65 inpatients), and 50 control participants. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) was used as an oxidative damage marker. Antioxidant activity was assessed via quantification of Vitamin C, sulfhydryl groups, ferric reduction ability of plasma (FRAP), Uric acid (UA), and evaluation of delta-aminolevulinate dehydratase (δ-ALA-D) enzymatic activity. Geriatric patients, especially men, with comorbidities such as obesity and/or chronic diseases were more likely to develop the most severe form of COVID-19. The activity of the δ-ALA-D was lower in inpatients, and there was no significant difference with the outpatient. Antioxidants decreased in COVID-19 groups, while lipid peroxidation increased. FRAP and Vitamin C decreased with evolution of the disease. Oxidative stress could be used as a predictor of worsening clinical condition.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , Masculino , Humanos , Idoso , Estresse Oxidativo , Ácido Ascórbico , Gravidade do Paciente , Ferro , Demografia , AntioxidantesRESUMO
AIMS: The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of the type of delivery (vaginal and cesarean) on the activity of the enzyme delta-aminolevulinate dehydratase (δ-ALA-D), which as yet has not been studied, and the markers of oxidative stress. METHODS: Seventy-six mothers and their newborns were divided into two groups: normal birth (VD) and elective cesarean section (ECS). Samples of maternal and umbilical cord blood were collected up to 5 min after birth. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), protein thiol (P-SH), nonprotein (NP-SH), the ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), catalase, and δ-ALA-D enzyme activity were tested. RESULTS: TBARS and AOPP were significantly higher in mothers of the VD group, while P-SH, NP-SH, FRAP and TAC were reduced. In newborns, TBARS and AOPP did not differ between the groups; however, in the VD group, there was a decrease in P-SH, NP-SH, FRAP, TAC, and catalase. The activity of the δ-ALA-D enzyme was decreased in mothers and neonates born by VD. CONCLUSIONS: Mothers undergoing VD had higher levels of free radicals and lower antioxidant defenses, while their newborns decreased antioxidant defenses likely to contain the oxidative imbalance. The inhibition of the δ-ALA-D enzyme in this scenario allows its use as a useful marker of oxidative stress in different obstetric settings.
Assuntos
Cesárea , Sintase do Porfobilinogênio , Antioxidantes , Feminino , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Estresse Oxidativo , Sintase do Porfobilinogênio/metabolismo , Gravidez , Substâncias Reativas com Ácido TiobarbitúricoRESUMO
Purpose: To assess and understand the maternal oxidative stress in twin pregnancies, currently not studied, through ascertain indicators of oxidative damage in maternal blood in response of two fetuses, as well as the relation of placenta with or without the increase of oxidative stress in these gestations.Materials and methods: The activity of delta-aminolevulinate dehydratase (δ-ALA-D) was analyzed as an indirect marker of oxidative stress, as well as the quantification of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), protein thiol groups (P-SH) and nonprotein thiol groups (NP-SH), vitamin C (VIT C) and catalase activity (CAT) in maternal blood samples from twin (n = 30) and single (n = 30) pregnancies. This study was approved by the Human Ethics Committee UFSM (register by the number 49823015.4.0000.5346).Results: TBARS was significantly higher in twin pregnancies, while thiol groups, VIT C and CAT were decreased, asides from the reduced activity of δ-ALA-D in comparison to single fetus gestations.Conclusions: The study established an oxidative stress increased and an antioxidant ability decreased in twin pregnancies, suggesting a possible relation between the levels of oxidants and antioxidants with the complications in those gestations.
Assuntos
Sintase do Porfobilinogênio , Gravidez de Gêmeos , Antioxidantes , Ácido Ascórbico , Catalase/metabolismo , Estresse Oxidativo , Sintase do Porfobilinogênio/metabolismo , Substâncias Reativas com Ácido TiobarbitúricoRESUMO
The purpose is to determine markers of oxidative stress related to the longer and shorter duration of labor (DOL) of pregnant women in the umbilical cord blood of neonates, not yet studied. Blood samples from the umbilical cord were collected from pregnant women with normal delivery and classified according to DOL in two groups: a group with DOL less than 310 min (n = 33) and a group with DOL greater than or equal to 310 min (n = 35). The oxidative stress parameters were analyzed by the quantification of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), nitrate/nitrite (NOx), protein thiol groups (P-SH) and non-protein (NP-SH), vitamin C and plasma iron reduction capacity (FRAP), in addition to the activity of the enzyme delta-aminolevulinate dehydratase (δ-ALA-D). The activity of the δ-ALA-D enzyme was shown to be decreased in longer DOL, however, the oxidant parameters and antioxidants were higher in the longer DOL, with the exception of NP-SH that was lower. The longer maternal DOL time is related to the alteration of δ-ALA-D enzyme activity and other parameters in neonates, suggesting an increase in the passage of maternal oxidative markers by umbilical cord blood.
Assuntos
Biomarcadores/sangue , Sangue Fetal/metabolismo , Trabalho de Parto/fisiologia , Estresse Oxidativo/fisiologia , Sintase do Porfobilinogênio/metabolismo , Adolescente , Adulto , Antioxidantes/análise , Ácido Ascórbico/sangue , Feminino , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Óxido Nítrico/sangue , Sintase do Porfobilinogênio/sangue , Gravidez , Compostos de Sulfidrila/sangue , Substâncias Reativas com Ácido Tiobarbitúrico/análise , Fatores de Tempo , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Pregnancy is characterized by changes in various organs, triggering changes in the use of energy substrates and increased oxygen consumption. In addition, gestation is an oxidative event that can be assessed by the relationship between free radicals and antioxidants produced by the body. Excessive production of free radicals has detrimental effects such as damage to enzymes, carbohydrates, and DNA. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the oxidative status and antioxidant responses throughout pregnancy through a longitudinal study. Reactive oxygen species were analyzed by means of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and nitric oxide, the antioxidant system through vitamin C, sulfhydryl groups, total antioxidant capacity, and ferric reducing ability of plasma as well as enzymes such as catalase and delta-aminolevulinate-dehydratase in pregnant women in the three gestational trimesters (n = 30). According to the results, the markers of oxidative damage showed significant differences in the different gestational trimesters where they were increased in the second trimester when compared to the first trimester. The antioxidant defenses responded differently in each gestational trimester, suggesting a response pattern to try to combat the damage caused by free radicals, in order to stabilize the increase of oxidative stress caused in the second gestational trimester.
Assuntos
Estresse Oxidativo , Sintase do Porfobilinogênio/metabolismo , Adulto , Antioxidantes/química , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Ácido Ascórbico/sangue , Catalase/metabolismo , Feminino , Humanos , Estudos Longitudinais , Óxido Nítrico/metabolismo , Sintase do Porfobilinogênio/sangue , Gravidez , Trimestres da Gravidez , Gestantes , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Substâncias Reativas com Ácido Tiobarbitúrico/análise , Adulto JovemRESUMO
This work investigated the preventive effect of diphenyl diselenide [(PhSe)2] against the toxic effects of mercury in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen). The animals were treated during 30 consecutive days with a (PhSe)2 supplemented feed (3.0 mg kg-1) or commercial feed. During the last 5 days the animals received a daily intraperitoneal dose of HgCl2 (1.7 mg kg-1) or Saline (0.9%). Twenty-four hours after the last HgCl2 injection, the animals were euthanized by spinal cord section to biological material obtainment. Hepatic (AST and ALT) and renal (ammonia and creatinine) toxicity biomarkers, δ-ALA-D activity, TBARS, total and non-protein thiols levels and hepatic, renal and blood mercury (Hg) and zinc (Zn) content were evaluated. Considering renal parameters, HgCl2 exposition increased serum creatinine levels and decreased δ-ALA-D activity, total and non-protein thiols and TBARS levels. HgCl2 exposure also decreased blood δ-ALA-D activity. With exception of blood δ-ALA-D activity and total thiols levels, (PhSe)2 supplementation partially prevented mercury induced alterations. Animals exposed to HgCl2 presented an increase in liver and kidney Hg content and a decrease in liver and blood Zn content. The alteration in blood Zn content was partially prevented with (PhSe)2 supplementation. With the exception of mercury and zinc content, no effects of HgCl2 exposure on hepatic tissue were observed. These results show that (PhSe)2 supplementation can represent a promising alternative to prevent the toxic effects presented by Hg exposure.
Assuntos
Derivados de Benzeno/farmacologia , Intoxicação por Mercúrio/tratamento farmacológico , Intoxicação por Mercúrio/prevenção & controle , Compostos Organosselênicos/farmacologia , Animais , Derivados de Benzeno/metabolismo , Peixes-Gato/metabolismo , Creatinina/sangue , Dieta , Suplementos Nutricionais , Feminino , Rim/efeitos dos fármacos , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Masculino , Cloreto de Mercúrio/administração & dosagem , Mercúrio/sangue , Intoxicação por Mercúrio/sangue , Compostos Organosselênicos/metabolismo , Compostos de Sulfidrila/sangue , Zinco/sangueRESUMO
Organoselenium compounds and isoquinoline derivatives have their toxicity linked to induction of pro-oxidant situations. δ-Aminolevulinate dehydratase (δ-ALA-D) and Na+ , K+ -ATPase have sulfhydryl groups susceptible to oxidation. Thus, we investigated toxicological effects of 4-organoseleno-isoquinoline derivatives, cerebral monoamine oxidase B inhibitors, on rat cerebral δ-ALA-D and Na+ , K+ -ATPase activities and the involvement of sulfhydryl groups in vitro. Compounds substituted with fluoro (4-(4-fluorophenylseleno)-3-phenylisoquinoline), chloro (4-(4-chlorophenylseleno)-3-phenylisoquinoline) and trifluoro (4-(3-trifluoromethylphenylseleno)-3-phenylisoquinoline) at the selenium-bonded aromatic ring inhibited δ-ALA-D (IC50 values: 78.42, 92.27, 44.98 µM) and Na+ , K+ -ATPase (IC50 values: 41.36, 89.43, 50.66 µM) activities, possibly due to electronic effects induced by these groups. 3-Phenyl-4-(phenylseleno) isoquinoline (without substitution at the selenium-bonded aromatic ring) and 4-(4-methylphenylseleno)-3-phenylisoquinoline (with a methyl group substituted at the selenium-bonded aromatic ring) did not alter the activity of these enzymes. Dithiothreitol, a reducing agent, restored the enzymatic activities inhibited by 4-(4-fluorophenylseleno)-3-phenylisoquinoline, 4-(4-chlorophenylseleno)-3-phenylisoquinoline and 4-(3-trifluoromethylphenylseleno)-3-phenylisoquinoline, suggesting the involvement of sulfhydryl residues in this effect. However, the release of essential zinc seems not to be related to the δ-ALA-D inhibition by these compounds. According to these data, the effect of oral administration (300 mg/kg, intragastric) of 3-phenyl-4-(phenylseleno) isoquinoline on markers of systemic toxicity in Wistar rats was evaluated. None signs of toxicity was observed during or after treatment. This study suggests that the insertion of electron-withdrawing groups in the aromatic ring bonded to the selenium atom of isoquinolines tested increased its inhibitory effect on sulfhydryl enzymes in vitro. 3-Phenyl-4-(phenylseleno) isoquinoline, which has documented pharmacological properties, had no toxicological effects on the parameters evaluated in this study. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 1144-1150, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Assuntos
Isoquinolinas/toxicidade , Compostos Organosselênicos/toxicidade , Sintase do Porfobilinogênio/metabolismo , ATPase Trocadora de Sódio-Potássio/metabolismo , Compostos de Sulfidrila/toxicidade , Animais , Encéfalo/efeitos dos fármacos , Encéfalo/enzimologia , Cloretos/farmacologia , Ditiotreitol/farmacologia , Inibidores Enzimáticos/administração & dosagem , Inibidores Enzimáticos/química , Inibidores Enzimáticos/farmacologia , Feminino , Isoquinolinas/química , Masculino , Compostos Organosselênicos/química , Sintase do Porfobilinogênio/antagonistas & inibidores , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , ATPase Trocadora de Sódio-Potássio/antagonistas & inibidores , Compostos de Sulfidrila/química , Testes de Toxicidade , Compostos de Zinco/farmacologiaRESUMO
Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is an inducible heme peroxidase responsive to some stress situations. It is already known that its activity is stimulated in neurodegenerative disorders and in the animal model of parkinson's disease (PD) induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). By contrast, the role of δ-aminolevulinate dehydratase (δ-ALA-D), an essential enzyme for heme synthesis, has not been investigated in the MPTP model. The aim of this study was to investigate the involvement of striatal δ-ALA-D activity in an acute model of PD, induced by MPTP, in C57Bl/6 mice and its correlation with MPO activity. Animals received four MPTP injections (20 mg/kg, i.p.) or saline (vehicle) to induce a PD model. 7 days after MPTP administration, the motor function was evaluated through rotarod and challenging beam tests in mice. Afterward, mice were killed, and the striata were removed for biochemical analyses. MPTP-treated mice showed impairment in motor skills, such as balance and motor coordination. Furthermore, there was a reduction of tyrosine hydroxylase levels in these animals, which characterizes the dopaminergic lesion. Striatal δ-ALA-D activity was stimulated by MPTP, as well as the MPO activity, and a significant positive correlation between δ-ALA-D and MPO activities was also demonstrated. These data suggest that δ-ALA-D activity could be stimulated due to the requirement of heme groups by peroxidases. Therefore, this study demonstrated for the first time the involvement of striatal δ-ALA-D activity in the MPTP model and its correlation with the MPO activity.
Assuntos
Doença de Parkinson/enzimologia , Peroxidase/metabolismo , Sintase do Porfobilinogênio/metabolismo , 1-Metil-4-Fenil-1,2,3,6-Tetra-Hidropiridina , Animais , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Masculino , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Camundongos Knockout , Doença de Parkinson/patologiaRESUMO
Females are born with a finite number of oocyte-containing follicles and ovary damage results in reduced fertility. Cadmium accumulates in the reproductive system, damaging it, and the cigarette smoke is a potential exposure route. Natural therapies are relevant to health benefits and disease prevention. This study verified the effect of cadmium exposure on the ovaries of mice and the blueberry extract as a potential therapy. Blueberry therapy was effective in restoring reactive species levels and δ-aminolevulinate dehydratase activity, and partially improved the viability of cadmium-disrupted follicles. This therapy was not able to restore the 17 ß-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity. Extract HPLC evaluation indicated the presence of quercetin, quercitrin, isoquercetin, and ascorbic acid. Ascorbic acid was the major substance and its concentration was 620.24 µg/mL. Thus, cadmium accumulates in the ovaries of mice after subchronic exposure, inducing cellular damage, and the blueberry extract possesses antioxidant properties that could protect, at least in part, the ovarian tissue from cadmium toxicity. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 188-196, 2017.
Assuntos
Mirtilos Azuis (Planta)/química , Intoxicação por Cádmio/tratamento farmacológico , Doenças Ovarianas/induzido quimicamente , Doenças Ovarianas/tratamento farmacológico , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Sintase do Porfobilinogênio/metabolismo , 11-beta-Hidroxiesteroide Desidrogenases/metabolismo , Animais , Intoxicação por Cádmio/patologia , Feminino , Glutationa Peroxidase/metabolismo , Glutationa Sintase/metabolismo , Camundongos , Doenças Ovarianas/patologia , Folículo Ovariano/efeitos dos fármacos , Sintase do Porfobilinogênio/efeitos dos fármacos , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismoRESUMO
The aim of this study was to evaluate anaemia, serum iron concentrations and δ-aminolevulinate dehydratase (ALA-D) activity in laying hens infected naturally by Salmonella Gallinarum and having severe hepatic lesions. Liver and serum samples were collected from 27 laying hens (20 infected and seven uninfected). The δ-ALA-D activity, haematocrit and serum iron concentrations were evaluated. There were significant decreases in δ-ALA-D activity, haematocrit and serum iron concentrations (P <0.01) in birds infected by S. Gallinarum when compared with uninfected birds. There was a positive correlation (P <0.001) between serum iron concentration, haematocrit (r(2) = 0.82) and δ-ALA-D activity (r(2) = 0.75). A positive correlation was also observed between δ-ALA-D activity and haematocrit (r(2) = 0.78; P <0.01). Liver samples showed moderate focal coagulative necrosis associated with infiltration of lymphoplasmacytic cells, macrophages and heterophils. The anaemia in the infected hens may be related to reduction in δ-ALA-D activity and serum iron concentrations, since both are important for haemopoiesis.