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Abstract Introduction: Among geriatric syndromes, cognitive impairment, urinary incontinence, nocturia, and falls stand out. Older adults with urinary incontinence are more prone to falls and exhibit fear of falling. Objective: To investigate the frequency of urinary incontinence and nocturia and evaluate the association of these variables with falls and fear of falling in older individuals with cognitive impairment. Methods: Cross-sectional study with older adults referred from Basic Health Units with cognitive impairment evaluated between 2019 and 2021. Information on urinary incontinence, nocturia, history of falls, and fear of falling provided by the participants and their caregivers was collected. Data were analyzed using Chi-square tests and univariate logistic regressions. Results: Data from 89 older adults were analyzed, of whom 58.4% had urinary incontinence, 28.1% had nocturia, 67.4% reported fear of falling, and 41.6% reported falls in the last six months. The group with urinary incontinence [χ2(1) = 5.147; p = 0.023] and the group with nocturia [χ2(1) = 4.353; p = 0.037] had significantly higher frequencies of fear of falling. No differences in the frequencies of history of falls were observed between individuals with and without urinary incontinence or nocturia (p > 0.05). Fear of falling was associated with urinary incontinence (OR = 2.833; 95% CI 1.137 - 7.062) and nocturia (OR = 3.365; 95% CI 1.033 - 10.966). Conclusion: Older adults with cognitive impairment have a high frequency of urinary incontinence, nocturia, falls, and fear of falling. Furthermore, there is an association between urinary incontinence, nocturia and fear of falling in this population.

Resumo Introdução: Entre as síndromes geriátricas, destacam-se o comprometimento cognitivo, a incontinência urinária, a noctúria e as quedas. Idosos com incontinência urinária são mais propensos a cair e apresentar medo de cair. Objetivo: Investigar a frequência de incontinência urinária e noctúria e avaliar a associação dessas variáveis com a ocorrência de quedas e com o medo de cair em idosos com comprometimento cognitivo. Métodos: Estudo transversal com idosos encaminhados das Unidades Básicas de Saúde com comprometimento cognitivo avaliados entre os anos de 2019 e 2021. Foram coletadas informações sobre incontinência urinária, noctúria, histórico de quedas e medo de cair, fornecidas pelos idosos e seus acompanhantes. Os dados foram analisados por meio dos testes quiquadrado e regressões logísticas univariadas. Resultados: Foram analisados dados de 89 idosos, dos quais 58,4% apresentavam incontinência urinária, 28,1% apresentavam noctúria, 67,4% tinham medo de cair e 41,6% relataram quedas nos últimos seis meses. O grupo com incontinência urinária [2(1) = 5,147; p = 0,023] e o grupo com noctúria [χ2(1) = 4,353; p = 0,037] apresentaram frequências significativamente maiores de medo de cair. Não foram observadas diferenças das frequências de histórico de quedas entre os indivíduos com e sem incontinência ou noctúria (p > 0,05). O medo de cair mostrouse associado à incontinência (OR = 2,833; IC95% 1,137 - 7,062) e à noctúria (OR = 3,365; IC 95% 1,033 - 10,966). Conclusão: Idosos com comprometimento cognitivo apresentam alta frequência de incontinência urinária, noctúria, quedas e medo de cair. Ademais, há associação da incontinência urinária e da noctúria com o medo de cair nessa população.

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Resumo Objetivo Propor um diagrama de prevenção de quedas para pessoas idosas, baseado no Modelo de Promoção da Saúde de Nola Pender. Métodos A construção do diagrama foi embasada no modelo de Nola Pender e em seus elementos. Para isso, foi realizado um estudo de revisão integrativa, com o objetivo de coletar dados sobre características e experiências individuais, sentimentos e conhecimentos e adoção de comportamento saudável para prevenção de quedas. Após a coleta dessas informações, realizou-se análise de similitude dos estudos selecionados por meio do IRaMuTeQ. Os elementos obtidos da análise de similitude facilitaram o agrupamento dos estudos quanto aos elementos encontrados e, assim, proporcionaram a organização do diagrama de prevenção de quedas. Resultados A amostra final foi constituída de 54 artigos, divididos de acordo com os elementos do modelo de Nola Pender: 36 abordavam características e experiências individuais, 40 sentimentos e conhecimentos, e 20 eram referentes ao comportamento. Os elementos obtidos da análise de similitude geraram um leque semântico de palavras mais frequentes: queda, prevenção, mulher e medo. Já as palavras menos frequentes foram cognição, autoeficácia, transporte e planejamento, os quais contribuíram para a construção do diagrama. Conclusão A partir da revisão, elaborou-se um diagrama, que favoreceu a identificação dos fatores pessoais, barreiras e facilidades, para um comportamento desejável à prevenção de quedas.

Resumen Objetivo Proponer un diagrama de prevención de caídas para personas mayores, basado en el modelo de promoción de la salud de Nola Pender. Métodos La elaboración del diagrama se basó en el modelo de Nola Pender y sus elementos. Para tal fin, se realizó un estudio de revisión integradora con el objetivo de recopilar datos sobre características y experiencias individuales, sentimientos y conocimientos y adopción de un comportamiento saludable para la prevención de caídas. Después de recopilar la información, se realizó un análisis de similitud de los estudios seleccionados mediante IRaMuTeQ. Los elementos obtenidos del análisis de similitud permitieron agrupar los estudios respecto a los elementos encontrados y, de esta forma, proporcionaron la organización del diagrama de prevención de caídas. Resultados La muestra final estuvo compuesta por 54 artículos, divididos de acuerdo con los elementos del modelo de Nola Pender: 36 abordaban características y experiencias individuales, 40 sentimientos y conocimientos y 20 eran sobre el comportamiento. Los elementos obtenidos del análisis de similitud generaron un conjunto semántico de palabras más frecuentes: caída, prevención, mujer y miedo. Por otro lado, las palabras menos frecuentes fueron: cognición, autoeficacia, transporte y planificación, que contribuyeron para la elaboración del diagrama. Conclusión A partir de la revisión, se elaboró un diagrama que favoreció la identificación de los factores personales, barreras y facilidades para un comportamiento conveniente en la prevención de caídas.

Abstract Objective To propose a fall prevention diagram for older adults, based on Nola Pender's Health Promotion Model. Methods Diagram construction was based on Nola Pender's model and its elements. For this, an integrative review study was carried out with the objective of collecting data on individual characteristics and experiences, behavior-specific cognitions and affect and behavioral outcome for fall prevention. After collecting this information, a similarity analysis of the selected studies was carried out using IRaMuTeQ. The elements obtained from similarity analysis facilitated the grouping of studies regarding the elements found and thus provided fall prevention diagram organization. Results The final sample consisted of 54 articles, divided according to the elements of Nola Pender's model: 36 addressed individual characteristics and experiences, 40 referred to behavior-specific cognitions and affect, and 20 referred to behavioral outcome. The elements obtained from the similarity analysis generated a semantic range of the most frequent words: fall, prevention, woman and fear. The least frequent words were cognition, self-efficacy, transportation and planning, which contributed to diagram construction. Conclusion From the review, a diagram was prepared, which favored identifying personal factors, barriers and facilities for a desirable behavior to prevent falls.

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Introdução: No Brasil, queimaduras acometem cerca de um milhão de pessoas/ano, a maioria do sexo masculino. Além de prejuízos físicos e emocionais, há impacto econômico, com gastos para o sistema de saúde, indenizações e incapacidades laborais. Por estas razões, estudos epidemiológicos são importantes para traçar o perfil da população mais acometida, orientando a prevenção dessa afecção. Método: Revisão dos prontuários de 398 vítimas de queimaduras, internados na Santa Casa de Santos, de janeiro de 2016 até dezembro de 2019. Resultados: Os principais acometidos são homens, jovens, em ambiente doméstico, por líquidos aquecidos, causando em sua maioria queimaduras de segundo grau, atendidos em até 24 horas, considerados grandes queimados e internados em enfermaria por até duas semanas. Aproximadamente 90% recebeu alta com melhora, necessitando apenas de desbridamento e curativos. Conclusão: Nosso trabalho concorda com maioria das revisões em relação à prevalência do sexo masculino, jovens, economicamente ativos, em suas residências, com líquidos aquecidos, acidentalmente. Outros estudos apontaram crianças como as mais afetadas, mostrando necessidade de políticas voltadas a ambas as faixas etárias. Com relação à internação, a maioria permaneceu em enfermaria, com queimaduras de segundo grau, prevalecendo os grandes queimados, o que acarreta maior gravidade e custos. Esse dado vai contra alguns trabalhos, que apontam queimadura de segundo grau como principal, porém com menos de 10% da superfície corporal queimada. A maior parte dos pacientes, tanto neste quanto na maioria dos estudos, apresentou bom desfecho, sem necessidade de Unidade de Terapia Intensiva ou procedimentos cirúrgicos, mostrando a importância do desbridamento precoce e cuidados com curativos.

Introduction: In Brazil, burns affect around one million people/year, the majority of whom are male. In addition to physical and emotional losses, there is an economic impact, with costs for the health system, compensation, and work disabilities. For these reasons, epidemiological studies are important to outline the profile of the most affected population, guiding the prevention of this condition. Method: Review the medical records of 398 burn victims admitted to Santa Casa de Santos from January 2016 to December 2019. Results: The main victims were young men in a domestic environment, by heated liquids, mostly causing second degree burns, treated within 24 hours, considered major burns, and admitted to the infirmary for up to two weeks. Approximately 90% were discharged with improvement, requiring only debridement and dressings. Conclusion: Our work agrees with most reviews regarding the prevalence of young, economically active males with accidentally heated liquids in their homes. Other studies highlighted children as the most affected, showing the need for policies for both age groups. Regarding hospitalization, the majority remained in the ward, with second-degree burns, with major burns prevailing, which leads to greater severity and costs. This data goes against some studies, which indicate second-degree burns as the main burn, with less than 10% of the body surface burned. In both this and most studies, most patients had a good outcome, without needing an Intensive Care Unit or surgical procedures, showing the importance of early debridement and care with dressings.

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Mpox es una zoonosis vírica que causa síntomas similares a la viruela, aunque menos graves. La infección fue descrita inicialmente en África central y occidental. Luego del brote multinacional ocurrido el año 2022, ya no es considerada una emergencia de salud pública de importancia internacional. El mecanismo de transmisión es por contacto físico estrecho o directo con lesiones cutáneas de individuos infectados. Presentamos el caso clínico de una enfermera que se infectó por mpox tras un accidente cortopunzante durante la toma de muestra de una lesión por desteche con bisturí en un paciente con VIH. La transmisión percutánea tuvo un período de incubación corto, seguido de una lesión cutánea y síntomas sistémicos. Aunque infrecuente, se destaca el riesgo de transmisión ocupacional de mpox en la atención clínica. Es importante que el personal sanitario adhiera estrictamente a las medidas de prevención, como el uso de equipo de protección personal y la práctica segura en la toma de muestra.

Monkeypox is a viral zoonosis that causes symptoms similar to smallpox, but less severe. The infection was initially described primarily in central and western Africa. After multi-country outbreak in 2022; it is currently no longer a public health emergency of international concern. The main mode of transmission is through close or direct contact with the skin lesions of an infected individual. We report a case of a nurse was infected with mpox after a needlestick injury during a skin sample collection from an HIV-positive patient. Percutaneous transmission resulted in a short incubation period, followed by a skin lesion and systemic symptoms. This case highlights the risk of occupational transmission of mpox in healthcare settings. It is important for healthcare workers to take rigorous prevention measures, such as the use of appropriate personal protective equipment and safe sample collection practices.

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RESUMEN Objetivo. Identificar las áreas de mayor concentración de accidentes de tránsito y lesionados en el Área Metropolitana de San Salvador (AMSS). Materiales y métodos. Los accidentes de tránsito se analizaron espacialmente mediante la ubicación puntual y por la sumatoria de eventos en áreas de 200 m2. La ubicación puntual se analizó mediante «análisis de vecinos más cercanos¼, mientras que las áreas con la sumatoria de accidentes de tránsito se analizaron mediante Gi* de Getis-Ord para obtener los puntos calientes. Los puntos calientes resultantes con mayor concentración de accidentes de tránsito en el AMSS se evaluaron en campo mediante un formulario de observación de las características de infraestructura y seguridad vial. Resultados. Al analizar 8191 accidentes de tránsito reportados entre 2014‒2018, se identificaron cinco áreas con mayor cantidad de accidentes de tránsito y lesionados, principalmente sobre vías primarias. Conclusión. Los sitios de mayor concentración de accidentes de tránsito y lesionados se caracterizan por una infraestructura vial con daños considerables y falta de sistemas de seguridad para conductores y peatones. El análisis espacial de los accidentes de tránsito y lesionados puede contribuir a mejorar la vigilancia y seguridad vial en el AMSS.

ABSTRACT Objective. This study aimed to identify the areas with the highest concentration of traffic accidents and injuries in the San Salvador Metropolitan Area (SSMA). Materials and methods. Traffic accidents were analyzed spatially by point location and by the sum of events in areas of 200 m2. The point location was analyzed by "nearest neighbor analysis", while the areas with the sum of traffic accidents were analyzed by Getis-Ord Gi* to obtain the hot spots. The resulting hot spots with the highest concentration of traffic accidents in the SSMA were evaluated in the field using an observation form to collect data on infrastructure and road safety characteristics. Results. Five areas with the highest number of traffic accidents and injuries, mainly containing primary roads, were identified by analyzing 8191 traffic accidents reported between 2014-2018. Conclusion. The sites with the highest concentration of traffic accidents and injuries were characterized by considerably damaged road infrastructure and the lack of safety systems for drivers and pedestrians. The spatial analysis of traffic accidents and injuries can contribute to improve surveillance and road safety in the SSMA.

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INTRODUCTION: Falls are among the most frequent complications following stroke (CVA), and have a negative impact on rehabilitation. OBJECTIVES: To study the incidence, circumstances, and consequences of falls in stroke patients up to 12months after starting outpatient kinetic treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Prospective design, case series. Consecutive sampling. Patients admitted to the day hospital between June 2019 and May 2020. Included: adults with a diagnosis of first supratentorial stroke and functional ambulatory category score ≥3. EXCLUSION CRITERIA: other condition affecting locomotion. MAIN VARIABLES: number of falls, circumstances, and consequences. Clinical, demographic, and functional characteristics were measured. RESULTS: Twenty-one subjects were included, 13 suffered at least one fall. The subjects reported 41 falls: 15 were to the most affected side, 35 inside the home, 28 without the indicated equipment, they were alone when the event occurred on 29 occasions, and in two situations medical assistance was required. There were statistically significant differences (P<.05) in functional performance (balance, gait velocity) between those who fell and those who did not. No significant differences were found between gait endurance and falls. CONCLUSION: More than half suffered a fall, alone, to the weaker side, and without the appropriate equipment. With this information the incidence could be reduced by preventive measures.

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BACKGROUND: Risk perception is an intuitive risk about hazards to which people are exposed daily and is related to several factors. In the construction context, there is a need to identify and understand how risk perception is related to these factors; construction companies can implement this information to develop measures for effective risk management. OBJECTIVE: This literature review aims to identify recommendations for future research about factors that may be related to risk perception in construction workers. METHODS: We used the SPIDER tool and searched available electronic databases for the most recent research articles published on risk perception in the construction area. RESULTS: We identified main recommendations for future research: Behavior, environment and working conditions, risk assessment methods, culture, individual and demographic factors, and knowledge. CONCLUSION: Safety behavior is the primary variable of concern in studies related to risk perception in the construction area. Therefore, further research is needed to identify the factors that intervene and impact risk perception to reduce accident rates among construction industry workers.

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As quedas em pessoas com Doença de Parkinson (DP) são fatores limitantes e incapacitantes, sua compreensão é complexa dada a natureza multifatorial. Neste contexto uma ferramenta, o diário de quedas, pode ser alternativa significante na compreensão deste evento. Objetivo: Avaliar a utilização do diário de quedas como ferramenta de monitoramento das quedas em pessoas com DP. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática de literatura que teve a seguinte questão norteadora: o diário de quedas é uma ferramenta adequada para monitorar as quedas em pessoas com DP? A busca nas bases de dados Pubmed, Medline, PEDro, Web of Science, Scopus e Cochrane Library foi realizada entre os meses de janeiro a março de 2022. A revisão foi registrada na plataforma PROSPERO sob o número de registro: CRD42018099127. Resultados: 192 estudos foram recuperados nas bases de dados, após adoção dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, 6 estudos foram incluídos nesta revisão, a variável diário de quedas foi descrita sumariamente nos estudos analisados e extraído informações do que deveria conter em um diário de quedas. Conclusão: A análise permitiu concluir que os diários de quedas são ferramentas importantes para registro e compreensão do evento queda em pessoas com DP, no entanto, carecem de padronização

Falls in people with Parkinson's disease (PD) are limiting and disabling factors, their understanding is complex given their multifactorial nature. In this context, a tool, the fall diary, can be a significant alternative in understanding this event. Objective: Evaluate the use of the fall diary as a tool to monitor falls in people with PD. Methods: This is a systematic literature review that had the following guiding question: is the fall diary an adequate tool to monitor falls in people with PD? The search in Pubmed, Medline, PEDro, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane Library databases was carried out between January and March 2022. The review was registered on the PROSPERO platform under registration number: CRD42018099127. Results: A total of 192 studies were retrieved from the databases, after adopting the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 6 studies were included in this review, the daily variable of falls was briefly described in the analyzed studies and information was extracted from what it should contain in a falls diary. Conclusion: The analysis allowed us to conclude that fall diaries are important tools for recording and understanding the fall event in people with PD, however, they lack standardization

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Objetivo: Avaliar os pacientes hospitalizados quanto ao risco de quedas. Métodos: Estudo transversal, realizado por meio da aplicação da escala de Morse e registros de prontuários. Realizou-se estatísticas descritivas e Teste Qui-quadrado de Pearson, adotando-se o nível de 5%. Resultados: Dos 244 participantes, 139 (57%) eram do sexo masculino, 86 (47,5%) idosos, 116 (47,5%) com companheiro, 112 (45,9%) pardos e 173 (70,9%) com baixa escolaridade. O risco de quedas foi associado ao histórico de quedas (p=0,000), diagnóstico secundário (p<0,001), deambulação (p=0,002), marcha (p<0,001) e estado mental (p<0,000). A maioria dos entrevistados 194 (79,5%) estão sob um risco moderado a alto de sofrer quedas da própria altura 37 (15,2%), ocorridas no quarto ou na enfermaria 38 (15,6%). Conclusão: Observou-se um risco moderado a alto para quedas nos pacientes hospitalizados, o que aponta para a necessidade de implementação de políticas de segurança do paciente para garantir a qualidade da assistência. (AU)

Objective: Assess hospitalized patients for the risk of falls. Methods: Cross-sectional study, carried out through the application of the Morse scale and medical records. Descriptive statistics and Pearson's Chi-square test were performed, adopting the 5% level. Results: Of the 244 participants, 139 (57%) were male, 86 (47.5%) elderly, 116 (47.5%) with a partner, 112 (45.9%) brown and 173 (70.9%) with low education level. The risk of falls was associated with a history of falls (p = 0.000), secondary diagnosis (p <0.001), walking (p = 0.002), gait (p <0.001) and mental status (p <0.000). Most respondents 194 (79.5%) are at moderate to high risk of suffering falls from their own height 37 (15.2%), in their bedroom or in the ward 38 (15.6%). Conclusion: There was a moderate to high risk for falls in hospitalized patients, which points to the need of implementing patient safety policies in order to guarantee quality of care. (AU)

Objetivo: Evaluar a los pacientes hospitalizados por el riesgo de caídas. Métodos: Estudio transversal, realizado a través de la aplicación de la escala Morse y registros médicos. Se realizaron estadísticas descriptivas y la prueba de Chi-cuadrado de Pearson, adoptando el nivel del 5%. Resultados: De los 244 participantes, 139 (57%) eran hombres, 86 (47.5%) ancianos, 116 (47.5%) con una pareja, 112 (45.9%) marrones y 173 (70.9%) con baja educacion. El riesgo de caídas se asoció con antecedentes de caídas (p = 0.000), diagnóstico secundario (p <0.001), caminar (p = 0.002), marcha (p <0.001) y estado mental (p <0.000). La mayoría de los encuestados 194 (79.5%) tienen un riesgo moderado a alto de sufrir caídas desde su propia altura 37 (15.2%), ocurriendo en el dormitorio o en la sala 38 (15.6%). Conclusión: Hubo un riesgo moderado a alto de caídas en pacientes hospitalizados, lo que apunta a la necesidad de implementar políticas de seguridad del paciente para garantizar la calidad de la atención. (AU)

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Abstract BACKGROUND: Due to "stay at home" restrictions during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, people spent more time at home leading to an increase in home accidents, including burns. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the epidemiology of burns that occurred within homes during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. DESIGN AND SETTINGS: This was a quantitative, descriptive, and cross-sectional study with a non-probabilistic sample. METHODS: Data were collected through the distribution of survey links on social networking sites and websites, and through email between December 2020 and February 2021. Participants were over 18 years of age, living in Brazil. Data analysis was performed using descriptive and dispersion statistics. RESULTS: A total of 939 adults (aged > 18 years) participated in this study. The mean age was 37.2 years (standard deviation [SD] = 12.5), 75.6% were female, 70.0% self-reported white skin color, 74% had completed higher education, and 28.1% had an income of 3 to 6 times the monthly minimum wage. A total of 21.6% suffered burns during the pandemic, 44.3% from a hot object. Approximately 49.3% never had access to a burn prevention campaign. CONCLUSION: It is necessary to develop burn prevention strategies that reach a wider population and to strengthen public policies to reduce the prevalence of domestic burns, especially during the pandemic.