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Background: The pandemic of COVID-19 has represented a major threat to global public health in the last century and therefore to identify predictors of mortality among COVID-19 hospitalized patients is widely justified. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible usefulness of Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) as mortality predictor in patients hospitalized because COVID-19. Methods: This study was carried out in Zacatecas, Mexico, and it included 705 hospitalized patients with suspected of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Clinical data were collected, and the CCI score was calculated online using the calculator from the Sociedad Andaluza de Medicina Intensiva y Unidades Coronarias; the result was evaluated as mortality predictor among the patients with COVID-19. Results: 377 patients were positive for SARS-COV-2. Obesity increased the risk of intubation among the study population (odds ratio (OR) = 2.59; 95 CI: 1.36-4.92; p = 0.003). The CCI values were higher in patients who died because of COVID-19 complications than those observed in patients who survived (p < 0.001). Considering a CCI cutoff > 31.69, the area under the ROC curve was 0.75, with a sensitivity and a specificity of 63.6% and 87.7%, respectively. Having a CCI value > 31.69 increased the odds of death by 12.5 times among the study population (95% CI: 7.3-21.4; p < 0.001). Conclusions: The CCI is a suitable tool for the prediction of mortality in patients hospitalized for COVID-19. The presence of comorbidities in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 reflected as CCI > 31.69 increased the risk of death among the study population, so it is important to take precautionary measures in patients due to their condition and their increased vulnerability to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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A taxa de mortalidade hospitalar é tradicionalmente usada para medir a qualidade do cuidado nas unidades hospitalares, no entanto a mesma não consegue discriminar o risco de óbito proveniente da assistência oferecida e da carga de comorbidades que o paciente tem no momento da internação. A Razão de Mortalidade Hospitalar Padronizada (RMHP) é um índice que possibilita avaliar a qualidade do cuidado de acordo com o perfil dos pacientes atendidos pelo hospital. Resultados da RMHP < 1 indica uma qualidade melhor que a esperada e resultados > 1 apontam qualidade pior que a esperada. Assim este estudo propôs avaliar a qualidade da assistência hospitalar prestada no âmbito da Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de Goiás, considerando seu perfil assistencial e os tipos de pacientes atendidos, no período de 2014 a 2019. O cálculo da RMHP foi baseado na metodologia de Jarman et al., no Índice de Comorbidades de Charlson (ICC) E Índice de Elixhauser para avaliar o risco de óbito, e posterior aplicação da curva ROC (para encontrar o modelo de ajuste de risco) e da regressão linear logística multivariada. A qualidade da assistência prestada no Estado de Goiás, considerando o perfil dos pacientes atendidos, foi pior que o esperado nos anos de 2014 a 2016, dentro do esperado no ano 2017 e melhor que o esperado nos anos de 2018 e 2019. Observou-se uma melhora gradativa na qualidade do cuidado nos últimos três anos
The hospital mortality rate is traditionally used to measure the quality of care in hospital units, however it cannot discriminate the risk of death resulting from the assistance provided and the burden of comorbidities that the patient has at the time of hospitalization. The Standardized Hospital Mortality Ratio (RMHP) is an index that makes it possible to assess the quality of care according to the profile of patients treated by the hospital. RMHP results < 1 indicate better quality than expected and results > 1 indicate worse quality than expected. Thus, this study proposed to assess the quality of hospital care provided by the State Health Department of Goiás, considering its care profile and the types of patients cared for, in the period from 2014 to 2019. The RMHP calculation was based on Jarman's methodology et al., in the Charlson Comorbidity Index (ICC) and Elixhauser Index to assess the risk of death, and subsequent application of the ROC curve (to find the risk adjustment model) and multivariate logistic linear regression. The quality of care provided in the State of Goiás, considering the profile of the patients cared for, was worse than expected in the years 2014 to 2016, within expectations in 2017 and better than expected in the years 2018 and 2019. A gradual improvement in the quality of care in the last three years
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Adulto Jovem , Mortalidade Hospitalar , Risco Ajustado , Assistência Hospitalar , BrasilRESUMO
PURPOSE: To analyze the differences in toxicity and biochemical relapse-free survival with hypofractionated radiotherapy with three-dimensional radiotherapy (3D-CRT) or volumetric arc therapy (VMAT) for prostate cancer taking into account comorbidity measured using the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). METHODS: From January 2011 to June 2016, 451 patients with prostate cancer were treated with 60 Gy (20 daily fractions). VMAT or 3D-CRT was used. Distribution by stage: 17% low-risk, 27.2% intermediate-risk; 39.2% high-risk, 16.6% very high-risk. Mean CCI was 3.4. RESULTS: With a median follow up of 51 months, most patients did not experience any degree of acute GI toxicity (80.9%) compared to 19.1%, who experienced some degree, mainly G-I /II. In the multivariate analysis, only technique was associated with acute GI toxicity ≥ G2. Patients treated with VMAT had greater acute GI toxicity compared with those who received 3D-CRT (23.9% vs. 13.5%, p = 0.005). With respect to acute GU toxicity, 72.7% of patients experienced some degree, fundamentally G-I/II. Neither age, CCI, nor androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) were associated with greater toxicity. Overall survival at 2, 5 and 7 years was 97%, 88% and 83% respectively. The only factor with statistical significance was CCI, with a greater number of events in individuals with a CCI ≥ 4 (p < 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Hypofractionated radiotherapy for prostate cancer is an effective, well-tolerated treatment even for elderly patients with no associated comorbidity. Longer follow up is needed in order to report data on late toxicity.
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Próstata/epidemiologia , Neoplasias da Próstata/radioterapia , Hipofracionamento da Dose de Radiação , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Comorbidade , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias da Próstata/mortalidade , Neoplasias da Próstata/patologia , Lesões por Radiação/epidemiologia , Radioterapia Conformacional/efeitos adversos , Radioterapia Conformacional/métodos , Radioterapia de Intensidade Modulada/efeitos adversos , Taxa de Sobrevida , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
PURPOSE: Comorbidity assessment is essential in the triage of care for men with prostate cancer (PC). The aim of this study was to validate the Spanish version of the revised Charlson index (RCI) in PC. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 731 PC patients diagnosed from 1993 to 2008 were referred to our Radiation Oncology Department. The RCI classified patients into four categories RCI 0, RCI 1-2, RCI 3-4, and RCI 5 and higher. The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards modeling were used. We also analyzed the median age of patients who remained alive at the last control and those who died due to non-prostate cancer comorbidities. RESULTS: 636 patients were included median age: 70 years (44-85). The mean follow-up was 153.62 months, (6-288 months). Distribution of the D'Amico risk classification was 21%, 38.2%, and 40.8% for low, intermediate, and high risk, respectively. The RCI distribution categories were: 303 (46.7%) RCI 0, 102 (16%) RCI 1-2, 131 (20.6%) RCI 3-4, and 100 (15.7%) RCI 5 and higher. The probability of non-cause-specific mortality at 5 and 10 years was 2. 4% and 11.25% RCI 0, 3 and 14.1% RCI 1-2, 5.7% and 22.1% RCI 3-4, and 47% and 92% (RCI 5 and higher). The median age in the last control in patients alive or who had died by non-PC causes was 82.81 years (55.27-102). DISCUSSION: The RCI may be used to aid medical decision making in older Spanish men with PC, especially in those with a high RCI 5 and higher.