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Resumen En la segunda mitad del siglo XIX, el inicio de la investigación en medicina tropical se vio favorecido con aportes de empresas navieras, como la Compañía Holandesa de las Indias Orientales, siendo quizás el más importante su gestión apoyando la creación en China del Servicio Marítimo Imperial de Aduanas (1854-1950), impuesto al débil gobierno chino por los cónsules de Inglaterra, Francia y EEUU, para establecer tasas regulares en todos sus puertos, que pronto amplió sus funciones a la información de mareas, tifones y clima, terminando por crear en 1863 un Servicio Médico para detectar epidemias y establecer cuarentenas. Este Servicio Médico editó una revista, Medical Reports, en la cual publicaron distinguidos investigadores, como Patrick Manson, Padre de la Medicina Tropical. Comentamos algunos informes aparecidos en ella, para conocer su real importancia en el desarrollo de la medicina tropical.

Abstract In the second half of the 19th century, the beginning of the research on tropical medicine was favored with contributions from shipping companies, like Dutch East India Company, being perhaps the most important of these its collaboration in the creation of the China Imperial Maritime Customs Service (1854-1950), imposed by consuls from England, France and USA, on the weak Chinese government in order to establish regular taxes in all its ports, soon expanding its functions with reports on tides, typhoons and weather, ending up creating a medical service in 1863 to detect epidemics and establish quarantines. This medical service published a Journal, the Imperial Maritime Customs Medical Reports, where they wrote distinguished investigators, such as Patrick Manson, Father of Tropical Medicine. We comment in some reports of this journal, to get an idea about its real importance in the development of tropical medicine.

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O presente artigo pretende analisar as tramas que contribuíram para a construção da entidade máxima do futebol mineiro, as Ligas Mineiras de futebol, no período de 1904 a 1933. Entendo que a história social de Belo Horizonte e os diferentes indícios encontrados na imprensa no período analisado demonstram a importância das entidades que regulavam o esporte em questão, num contexto de muitas disputas entre pessoas e instituições que pertenciam ao campo esportivo na cidade. As fontes consultadas foram os jornais disponíveis na capital mineira no período em questão, e que possibilitaram através da análise seriada dos documentos construir uma narrativa das experiências das pessoas que se envolviam no cenário futebolístico de Belo Horizonte nas primeiras décadas do século XX.

This article intends to analyze the plots that contributed to the construction of the maximum entity of Minas Gerais football, the Minas Gerais football leagues, in the period from 1904 to 1933. I understand that the social history of Belo Horizonte and the different signs found in the press in the analyzed period demonstrate the importance of the entities that regulated the sport in question, in a context of many disputes between people and institutions that belonged to the sports field in the city. The sources consulted were the newspapers available in the capital of Minas Gerais in the period in question, which made it possible, through the serial analysis of the documents, to build a narrative of the experiences of people who were involved in the football scene in Belo Horizonte in the first decades of the 20th century.

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Nas primeiras décadas do século XX, as sociedades dançantes Flor da União e Flor da Lyra tornaram-se referências no que tangue aos divertimentos em Bangu e nos demais bairros suburbanos da cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Tendo em conta que foram expressões de movimentos de formações identitárias e de busca de valorização local, este estudo tem por objetivo discutir as experiências dessas agremiações dançantes, tanto na lógica que explica a organização, quanto aos desafios e tensões que seus membros enfrentaram para consolidá-las. Quanto ao recorte em tela (1899-1922), levou-se em consideração a fundação da sociedade Flor da União, em 1899, e, 1922, período em que os movimentos irradiados ao redor das atividades dos clubes tornaram-se cada vez mais ocasionais. Dessa forma, esperamos elucidar um trajeto distinto sobre a história do bairro, dos subúrbios e do Rio de Janeiro, na tentativa de compreender como atores diversos foram centrais na formação do espaço, ou seja, atuaram na constituição de uma identidade local.

In the first decades of the 20th century, the dance societies Flor da União and Flor da Lyra became references in terms of entertainment in Bangu and in the other suburban neighborhoods of the city of Rio de Janeiro. Bearing in mind that they were expressions of movements of identity formations and the search for local valorization, this study aims to discuss the experiences of these dancing associations, both in the logic that explains the organization, as well as the challenges and tensions that its members faced to consolidate themselves. them. As for the cutout on canvas (1899- 1922), the foundation of the Flor da União society in 1899 was taken into account, and in 1922, a period in which the irradiated movements around the club's activities became increasingly occasional. In this way, we hope to elucidate a different path about the history of the neighborhood, the suburbs and Rio de Janeiro, in an attempt to understand how diverse actors were central in the formation of space, that is, they acted in the constitution of a local identity.

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OBJECTIVE: The present study concerns an overlooked trait indicator of childhood peer status: Being fun. The study is designed to identify the degree to which being fun is uniquely associated with the peer status variables of likeability and popularity. METHOD: Two studies of children in grades 4 to 6 (ages 9 to 12) are reported. The first involved 306 girls and 305 boys attending school in northern Colombia. The second involved 363 girls and 299 boys attending school in southern Florida. Students completed similar peer nomination inventories, once in the first study and twice (8 weeks apart) in the second. RESULTS: In both studies, being fun was positively correlated with likeability and popularity. In the second study, being fun predicted subsequent changes in likeability and popularity, after controlling for factors known to be related to each. Initial likeability and popularity also predicted subsequent changes in perceptions of being fun. CONCLUSIONS: Anecdotal evidence suggests that children are intensely focused on having fun. The findings indicate that this focus extends beyond the immediate rewards that fun experiences provide; some portion of peer status is uniquely derived from the perception that one is fun to be around.

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ABSTRACT We describe a case of keratomycosis caused by Arthographis kalrae after excimer laser keratomileusis. A 38-year-old female developed stromal keratitis eight weeks after refractive surgery. She developed severe corneal stromal infiltration and mild anterior segment inflammation, which could not be treated with topical voriconazole 1%, but topical natamycin 5% ameliorated her condition. A reactivation of keratomycosis symptoms was observed; therefore, longer treatment was administered to the patient. It has been reported that A. kalrae keratomycosis is associated with exposure to soil and contact lens usage. However, the patient, who lived in a rural location, was neither involved in gardening activities nor had a history of wearing contact lenses. This is the first case of post-refractive A. kalrae keratomycosis.

RESUMO Descrevemos um caso de ceratomicose por Arthographis kalrae após ceratomileusis por excimer laser. Uma mulher de 38 anos desenvolveu ceratite estromal oito semanas após a cirurgia refrativa. Ela desenvolveu infiltração estromal grave da córnea e uma leve inflamação do segmento anterior, que não pode ser tratada com voriconazol tópico a 1%, mas a natamicina tópica a 5% melhorou sua condição. Uma reativação dos síntomas de ceratomicose foi observada; portanto, tratamento mais prolongado foi administrado a paciente. Tem sido relatado que a ceratomicose por A. kalrae está associada à exposição ao solo e ao uso de lentes de contato. No entanto, a paciente, que vivía em um local rural, não estava envolvida em atividades de jardinagem e nem tinha histórico de uso de lentes de contato. Este é o primeiro caso de ceratomicose pós-refrativa por A. kalrae.

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Resumen El objetivo de este estudio consistió en comprobar la capacidad de predicción del apoyo a la autonomía del docente en educación física, las necesidades psicológicas básicas y la motivación autodeterminada sobre la diversión, la importancia e intención hacia la educación física y la actividad física habitual. Se empleó una muestra de 718 estudiantes (346 chicos y 372 chicas) con edades comprendidas entre los 13 y los 19 años (M = 15,76, DT = 1,20). Se midió el apoyo a la autonomía, las necesidades psicológicas básicas, la motivación, la diversión, la importancia de la educación física, la intencionalidad para ser físicamente activo y la actividad física habitual. Se realizaron análisis estadísticos descriptivos y las correlaciones bivariadas de todas las variables objeto de estudio, análisis factoriales confirmatorios de los instrumentos y un análisis mediante el modelo de regresión estructural. Los resultados revelaron relaciones positivas y significativas entre todas las variables. Así, el apoyo a la autonomía predijo positivamente la satisfacción de las necesidades psicológicas básicas, y esta, a su vez, predijo la motivación autodeterminada, que predijo la diversión. La diversión predijo la importancia concedida a la educación física, y esta la intención de ser físicamente activo, que finalmente predijo la tasa de actividad física habitual. Los resultados contribuyen a optimizar el compromiso de los jóvenes hacia la actividad física, tanto dentro como fuera del aula.

Abstract The objective of this study was to check the prediction capacity of teacher's autonomy support in physical education, basic psychological needs and motivation self-determined about fun, importance and intention towards physical education and the usual physical activity. Participated a sample of 718 students (346 boys and 372 girls) with ages between 13 and 19 years (M = 15.76, SD = 1.20). Autonomy support perceived, basic psychological needs, motivation, fun, the importance of Physical education, intentionality to be physically active and habitual physical activity was measured. A descriptive statistical analyzes and bivariate correlations of all the variables object of study, confirmatory factor analyzes of the instruments and an analysis through the structural regression model was performed. The results revealed a positive and significant relationship between all the variables. Thus, the autonomy support positively predicted the satisfaction of the basic psychological needs, and this, in turn, predicted self-determined motivation, which predicted fun the fun, that predicted the importance given to physical education, and it the intention to be physically active, which finally predicted the usual physical activity rate. The results help to optimize the commitment of young people to physical activity, both inside and outside the classroom.

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El objetivo de este trabajo fue hallar un modelo de predicción de la satisfacción y diversión hacia la Educación Física partiendo del clima de aprendizaje y teniendo en cuenta el apoyo a la autonomía del profesorado y la propia percepción de autonomía del alumnado. Se utilizó una muestra de 758 alumnos de secundaria con edades entre 13 y 18 años. Se aplicó a los participantes de la investigación, la versión española adaptada a la educación física, de los siguientes instrumentos: Learning and Performance Orientations in Physical Education Classes Questionnaire, Learning Climate Questionnaire, Sport Satisfaction Instrument y el factor autonomía del Basic Psychological Needs in Exercise Scale. Los resultados señalaron que el clima motivacional implicado en el aprendizaje predecía positivamente el apoyo a la autonomía por parte del profesor y esta predecía la propia percepción de autonomía del alumno. Asimismo, la percepción de autonomía predijo positivamente la satisfacción/diversión y negativamente el aburrimiento en las clases. Como conclusión, los docentes deben favorecer un clima de aprendizaje que apoye la autonomía y favorezca la percepción de esta en el alumno para conseguir que se diviertan en las clases de Educación Física.

The aim of this work was to find a model to predict satisfaction and fun to the physical education based on learning climate and considering supporting to the autonomy of teachers and the perception of autonomy of students. A sample of 758 secondary school students aged between 13 and 18 was used. The following instruments were used: the Spanish version adapted to Physical Education of Learning and Performance Orientations in Physical Education Classes Questionnaire, Learning Climate Questionnaire, Sport Satisfaction Instrument and autonomy factor in Basic Psychological Needs in Exercise Scale. The results showed that learning motivational climate positively predicted perceived autonomy support on the teacher part and this predicted the self perception of autonomy on the part of students. In the same way, the perceived autonomy positively predicted satisfaction/fun and negatively boredom in class. In conclusion, teachers should foster a learning climate that supports and promotes the autonomy perceived autonomy in students for them to have fun in physical education classes.

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El estudio comprobó un modelo predictivo del apoyo social de autonomía del practicante sobre la relación con los demás, a su vez sobre la motivación intrínseca; está sobre el disfrute, y por último, se comprobó la predicción del disfrute sobre el motivo fitness/salud. Se utilizó una muestra de 682 practicantes de actividades físicas no competitivas con una edad media de 35.50 ± 11.70 años. Los resultados del modelo de ecuaciones estructurales mostraron una predicción positiva del apoyo a la autonomía del practicante hacia la relación con los demás, esta predijo la motivación intrínseca, que a su vez predijo el disfrute y finalmente el motivo de fitness/salud. Se discuten los resultados en pro de valorar la importancia de fomentar el disfrute en los practicantes para incrementar la práctica física saludable.

This study tested a predictive model of perception of supportive autonomy coaching on the relatedness mediator, this mediator on intrinsic motivation, intrinsic motivation on enjoyment and enjoyment on the fitness / health motive. A sample of 682 practitioners of non-competitive physical activities with a mean age of 35.50 ± 11.70 years, participated in the study. The results of structural equation model showed a positive prediction of supportive autonomy coaching on the relatedness mediator, relatedness on intrinsic motivation, intrinsic motivation on enjoyment and enjoyment on the fitness/health motive with 51% of variance. These results do appreciate the importance of promoting the enjoyment on practitioners to enhance the healthy physical practice.

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Resumo:Este artigo foi desenvolvido com base nas experiências e questionamentos desteautor em torno do lazer, desde a adolescência. Busca propor possível averiguação racionalsobre os efeitos do lazer através de seis parâmetros para autoanálise. O trinô-mio motivação-trabalho-lazer é meta evolutiva de toda consciência intrafísica (conscin)lúcida em busca da condição referente ao ser Desassediado Permanente Total(desperto), meta evolutiva plausível em uma vida. Mas, antes dessa meta atingida, asatividades de relaxamento, descontração e divertimento são investimento de temponecessário para manter a saúde consciencial em dia. Obviamente, se não forem prejudiciais(AU)

This article was developed based on the experiences and questions of this authorabout leisure since adolescence. It aims to propose a rational inquiry about the effectsproduced through six self-analysis parameters. The trinomial motivation-work-leisureis an evolutionary goal for every lucid intraphysical consciousness (conscin) that seekthe Totally Permanent Deintruded condition, which is a plausible evolutionary goal ina lifetime. However, before reaching that goal, relaxation, rest and fun demand timeinvestment from one to keep up with consciential health. Obviously, if not harmful(AU)

El artículo fue desarrollado en base a experiencias y cuestionamientos del autorcon referencia al placer desde la adolescencia. Se busca proponer la posible averiguaciónracional sobre los efectos provenientes de seis parámetros para autoanálisis. Eltrinomio motivación-trabajo-placer es meta evolutiva de toda conciencia intrafísica(concín) lúcida en busca de la condición referida al ser Desasediado Permanente Total(desperto), meta evolutiva posible en una vida. Aún así, antes de tal meta ser alcanzada,las actividades de relajación, descontracción y diversión, son inversiones de tiemponecesario para mantener la salud conciencial al día. Obviamente, si no fueren perjudiciales(AU)

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Analisa os desafios e as possibilidades da intervenção pedagógica de dois professores de Educação Física na etapa inicial da Educação Infantil (seis meses a três anos) em dois Centros Municipais de Educação de Vitória (CMEIs). Adota os Estudos com o Cotidiano como pressuposto teórico-metodológico e utiliza como fontes as narrativas dos professores e das estagiárias,2 que foram sistematizadas em portfólios. A análise dos dados indica que os desafios da intervenção estão relacionados com as especificidades do comportamento infantil e com as rotinas estabelecidas nos CMEIs. Quanto às possibilidades de ensino, sobressaem práticas pedagógicas que concebem a criança como "sujeito de direitos" e a centralidade da brincadeira e do jogo na prática pedagógica da Educação Física na Educação Infantil.

This study analyzed the challenges and possibilities of the intervention of two Physical Education teachers in the early stages of childhood education (six months to three years old) in two "Centros Municipais de Educação de Vitória" (CMEIs). It adopts the study of everyday life as theoretical and methodological assumption and uses as source the professors/trainees narratives, which were systematized on portfolios. The sources indicate that the challenges for the intervention are related with childhood behavior specificities, which were revealed on the process of pedagogic intervention, as well as the applied routines on CMEIs. As to the possibilities, there emerged pedagogical practices which conceive the child as a "subject of rights", and the game centrality as methodological strategy.

Se analizan los desafíos y las posibilidades de intervención de dos profesores de Educación Física en la etapa inicial de la Educación Infantil (de seis meses a tres años) en dos Centros Municipales de Educación de Vitória (CMEIs). Aprueba los Estudios con el Cotidiano como presupuesto teórico-metodológico y utiliza como fuentes los relatos de los profesores y de las alumnas pasantes, que han sido sistematizados en portfólios. Análisis de los datos indican que los desafíos para la intervención están relacionados con los aspectos específicos del comportamiento infantil y con las rutinas establecidas en CMEIs. Con respecto a las posibilidades de la enseñanza, se destacan las prácticas pedagógicas que conciben a los niños como "sujeto de derechos" y la centralidad del juego como estrategia metodológica.