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Resumen Objetivo Comparar la relación de la Percepción de la Imagen Corporal y el Índice de Masa Corporal en estudiantes de secundaria de dos municipios de Yucatán. Material y Métodos Estudio cuantitativo y transversal, en 462 estudiantes de 11 a 17 años pertenecientes a escuelas de los municipios de Abalá y Chacsinkín, Yucatán. Se tomó el peso corporal y la talla, se calculó el Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC)/edad, de acuerdo a los patrones de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) para adolescentes. Se determinó la percepción de la imagen corporal mediante el instrumento Análisis de la Percepción de la Imagen Corporal (APC), propuesta por Stunkard y Stellard, modificado por Collins. Para el análisis estadístico inferencial se utilizó la prueba Chi-cuadrara con un valor de significancia estadística de 5%. Resultados 62.9% de los adolescentes, tienen un Índice de Masa Corporal normal, mientras que 35.6% presentan una prevalencia combinada de obesidad y sobrepeso. En cuanto a Percepción de la Imagen Corporal, 28.8 % de los adolescentes se percibieron de acuerdo con su IMC real; 25.3% se percibieron con IMC mayor al real y 45.9% se percibieron con IMC menor al que tienen en realidad Conclusiones En el municipio de Abala, los adolescentes presentaron mayor prevalencia de normo peso y exceso de peso; frecuencia mayor de concordancia entre la percepción corporal y el IMC real y sobre estimación de su IMC, a diferencia de la mayor frecuencia de subestimación que se presentó en los adolescentes del municipio de Chacsinkín Los adolescentes de ambos municipios con exceso de peso, subestimaron su IMC y no lo identifican como un problema de salud, lo que representa un área de oportunidad para el trabajo del equipo multidisciplinario de salud.
Abstract Objective To compare the relationship between the Perception of the Body Image and the Body Mass Index in secondary school students of two municipalities of Yucatán. Material and Methods Quantitative and cross-sectional study, with a population of 462 students aged from 11 to 17 belonging to schools in the municipalities of Abalá and Chacsinkin, Yucatán. Body weight and height were taken; Body Mass Index (BMI) by age was calculated according to the patterns of the World Health Organization (WHO) for adolescents. Body image perception was determined by means of the Body Image Perception Analysis (BPI) instrument proposed by Stunkard and Stellard and modified by Collins. For the inferential statistical analysis, the Chi-square test with a statistical significance value of 5% was used. Results 62.9% of adolescents have a normal Body Mass Index; while 35.6% have a combined prevalence of obesity and overweight. Regarding Perception of Body Image, 28.8% of adolescents were perceived according to their real BMI; 25.3% were perceived with BMI greater than the real and 45.9% were perceived with BMI lower than they actually have Conclusions In the municipality of Abalá, adolescents presented a higher prevalence of normal weight and excess weight; higher frequency of concordance between body perception and real BMI and overestimation of their BMI, unlike the higher frequency of underestimation that occurred in adolescents in the municipality of Chacsinkin Adolescents in both municipalities with excess weight underestimated their BMI and they did not identify it as a health problem, which represents an area of opportunity for the work of the multidisciplinary health team.
Sumário Objetivo Comparar a relação entre a percep9áo da imagem corporal e o índice de massa corporal em estudantes do ensino médio de dois municipios de Yucatán. Material e Métodos Estudo quantitativo e transversal, em 462 alunos de 11 a 17 anos pertencentes a escolas dos municipios de Abalá e Chacsinkin, Yucatán. O peso corporal e a altura foram medidos, calculado o Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) / idade, de acordo com os padrões da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) para adolescentes. A percepção da imagem corporal foi determinada utilizando o instrumento Body Image Perception Analysis (APC), proposto por Stunkard e Stellard, modificado por Collins. O teste do qui-quadrado com valor de significância estatística de 5% foi utilizado para a análise estatística inferencial. Resultados 62,9% dos adolescentes têm um Índice de Massa Corporal normal, enquanto 35,6% têm uma prevalência combinada de obesidade e sobrepeso. Em relação a percepção da imagem corporal, 28,8% dos adolescentes foram percebidos de acordo com o IMC real; 25,3% foram percebidos com IMC maior que o real e 45,9% foram percebidos com IMC menor do que realmente Conclusões No municipio de Abala, os adolescentes apresentaram maior prevalência de peso normal e excesso de peso; maior frequência de concordância entre a percepção corporal e o IMC real e superestimação do IMC, diferentemente da maior frequência de subestimação que ocorreu em adolescentes no município de Chacsinkín. Os adolescentes dos dois municípios com excesso de peso subestimaram seu IMC e não o identificam como um problema de saúde, o que representa uma área de oportunidade para o trabalho da equipe multiprofissional de saúde.
Résumé Objectif Comparer la relation entre la Perception de l'Image Corporelle et l'Indice de Masse Corporelle chez des élèves du secondaire de deux municipalités du Yucatan. Matériel et méthodes Étude quantitative et transversale, avec une population de 462 élèves, de 11 a 17 ans, inscrits dans des écoles des municipalités d'Abalá et de Chacsinkin, Yucatán. Le poids et la taille ont été relevés, et l'Indice de Masse Corporelle en fonction de l'âge (IMC-pour-l'âge) a été calculé selon les normes de l'Organisation Mondiale de la Santé (OMS) pour adolescents. La Perception de l'Image Corporelle a été déterminée a l'aide de l'instrument Analyse de la Perception de l'Image Corporelle (BPA) proposé par Stunkard et Stellard et modifié par Collins. Le test du Khi-deux avec une valeur de signification statistique de 5 % a été utilisé pour l'analyse statistique inférentielle. Résultats 62,9 % des adolescents ont un Indice de Masse Corporelle normal alors qu'il existe une prévalence combinée d'obésité et de surpoids de 35,6 %. La Perception de l'Image Corporelle a été en accord à l'IMC réel dans 28,8 % des cas. 25,3 % se sont per9us comme ayant un IMC supérieur à leur IMC réel et 45,9 % comme ayant un IMC inférieur à leur IMC réel. Conclusions Dans la municipalité d'Abala, les adolescents ont présenté une prévalence plus élevée de poids normal et de surpoids, une fréquence plus élevée de concordance entre leur perception corporelle et l'IMC réel et une surestimation de leur IMC, en comparaison avec la fréquence plus élevée de sous-estimation chez les adolescents de la municipalité de Chacsinkin. Les adolescents des deux municipalités ayant un excès de poids ont sous-estimé leur IMC et ne l'ont pas identifié comme un problème de santé, ce qui constitue un champs d'opportunités pour le travail de l'équipe de santé multidisciplinaire.
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According to the World Health Organization Expert Consultation, current body mass index (BMI) cut-offs should be retained as an international classification. However, there are ethnic differences in BMI-associated health risks that may be caused by differences in body fat or skeletal muscle mass and these may affect the interpretation of phase angle and bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA). Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare body composition measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis among 1048 German, 1026 Mexican, and 995 Japanese adults encompassing a wide range of ages and BMIs (18-78 years; BMI, 13.9-44.3 kg/m2). Regression analyses between body composition parameters and BMI were used to predict ethnic-specific reference values at the standard BMI cut-offs of 18.5, 25, and 30 kg/m2. German men and women had a higher fat-free mass per fat mass compared with Mexicans. Normal-weight Japanese were similar to Mexicans but approached the German phenotype with increasing BMI. The skeletal muscle index (SMI, kg/m2) was highest in Germans, whereas in BIVA, the Mexican group had the longest vector, and the Japanese group had the lowest phase angle and the highest extracellular/total body water ratio. Ethnic differences in regional partitioning of fat and muscle mass at the trunk and the extremities contribute to differences in BIVA and phase angle. In conclusion, not only the relationship between BMI and adiposity is ethnic specific; in addition, fat distribution, SMI, and muscle mass distribution vary at the same BMI. These results emphasize the need for ethnic-specific normal values in the diagnosis of obesity and sarcopenia.
Assuntos
Composição Corporal , Índice de Massa Corporal , Impedância Elétrica , Etnicidade , Tecido Adiposo/fisiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Antropometria , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Alemanha/etnologia , Humanos , Japão/etnologia , Masculino , México/etnologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Músculo Esquelético/fisiologia , Valores de Referência , Análise de Regressão , Adulto JovemRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: High body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure (BP) are major contributors to the high burden of non-communicable diseases in adulthood. Individual high-risk and population approaches for prevention require newer strategies to target these risk factors and focusing on the family to introduce prevention initiatives appears as a promising scenario. Characterisation of the relationship between BMI and BP among the adult members of a given family merits evaluation. We conducted a secondary analysis of an implementation study in Tumbes, Peru, benefiting from data derived from families with at least one adult offspring. METHODS: The exposures of interest were the BMI, systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) of the mother and father. The outcomes were the BMI, SBP and DBP of the offspring. Mixed-effects linear regression models were conducted. RESULTS: The mean age of the offspring, mothers and fathers was 29 (SD: 9.5), 54 (SD: 11.8) and 59 (SD: 11.6) years, respectively. Father's BMI was associated with a quarter-point increase in offspring BMI, regardless of the sex of the offspring. Mother's BMI had a similar effect on the BMI of her sons, but had no significant effect on her daughters'. Mother's SBP was associated with almost one-tenth of mmHg increase in the SBP of the adult offspring. There was no evidence of an association for DBP. CONCLUSIONS: In families with adult members, the higher the parents' BMI and SBP, the higher their adult offspring's levels will be.
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Filhos Adultos/estatística & dados numéricos , Pressão Sanguínea , Características da Família , Obesidade/epidemiologia , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Índice de Massa Corporal , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , PeruRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: The incidence of urolithiasis is increasing with dietary changes especially in developed countries. Guadeloupe is a French department overseas where western diet meets traditional local food. The objective was to describe and analyze the epidemiology of urolithiasis in Guadeloupe. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We conducted a retrospective single-center study throughout the year 2015 on patients hospitalized for urolithiasis at University Hospital of Pointe-à-Pitre. Data of the patients, treatments performed and the types of stones were recorded. According to their mineral content, groups were composed. RESULTS: In total, 165 patients were included. The sex ratio was 1.61. The median body mass index (BMI) was 26.5kg/m2. The most common stone was oxalocalcic (64.7%). Mixed stones (24.7%) were in second place. There were only 3.5% of uric acid urolithiasis. Calcium oxalate stones were predominantly monohydrate. The oxalocalcic stones were significantly more frequent in men (80% versus 47.5%, P=0.01) and in the age group over 50 years old (72.2% versus 51.6%, P=0.04). There was no association between the type of stone and the BMI. CONCLUSION: Epidemiology of urolithiasis in our French Caribbean island is, therefore, similar to continental France. However, our population is distinguished by the proportion of women affected and by the different proportions among each type of stone. Other studies on larger samples are needed to study these specificities. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4.