RESUMO
Causes of abortion, stillbirth, and perinatal mortality in horses were investigated in the Department of Veterinary Pathology of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (SPV-UFRGS) from 2000 to 2015. In this period, 107 cases were analyzed using macroscopic, microscopic, and complementary tests. Of these, 77 were aborted fetuses, 16 were stillbirths, and 14 were perinatal deaths. Conclusive diagnosis was established in 42.8% of the fetuses analyzed, with 28.6% classified as infectious origin, 9.1% as non-infectious, and 5.1% as other. Bacterial infections, especially those related to Streptococcus spp. were the most frequently observed. In stillborn foals, diagnosis was established in 62.5% of cases, and 50% of these were related to non-infectious causes, such as dystocia and birth traumas. As for perinatal mortality, a conclusive diagnosis was reached in 78.57% of cases, and infectious causes associated with bacterial infections accounted for 64.1% of these diagnoses.
Causas de aborto, natimortalidade e mortalidade perinatal em equinos foram investigadas no Setor de Patologia Veterinária da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (SPV-UFRGS) durante o período de 2000 a 2015. Nesse período, foram analisados 107 casos através de exames macroscópico, microscópico e exames complementares, desses 77 correspondiam a fetos abortados, 16 natimortos e 14 mortes perinatais. Diagnóstico conclusivo foi estabelecido em 42,8% dos fetos analisados e classificados como origem infecciosa em 28,6% dos casos, não infecciosa com 9,1% e outros com 5,1% dos casos. As infecções bacterianas, em especial as relacionadas a Streptococcus spp. foram as mais frequentemente observadas. Em potros natimortos, diagnostico foi estabelecido em 62,5% dos casos, e destes, 50% foram relacionados a causas não infecciosas, como distocia e traumas durante o parto. Quanto a mortalidade perinatal, em 78,57% dos casos houve um diagnostico conclusivo, e as causas infecciosas associadas a infecções bacterianas corresponderam a 64,1% desses diagnósticos.
Assuntos
Feminino , Animais , Gravidez , Aborto Animal/etiologia , Cavalos , Mortalidade Fetal , Mortalidade Perinatal , Morte Fetal/etiologia , Distocia/veterinária , Doenças Fetais/veterinária , Infecções Estreptocócicas/veterinária , StreptococcusRESUMO
Causes of abortion, stillbirth, and perinatal mortality in horses were investigated in the Department of Veterinary Pathology of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (SPV-UFRGS) from 2000 to 2015. In this period, 107 cases were analyzed using macroscopic, microscopic, and complementary tests. Of these, 77 were aborted fetuses, 16 were stillbirths, and 14 were perinatal deaths. Conclusive diagnosis was established in 42.8% of the fetuses analyzed, with 28.6% classified as infectious origin, 9.1% as non-infectious, and 5.1% as other. Bacterial infections, especially those related to Streptococcus spp. were the most frequently observed. In stillborn foals, diagnosis was established in 62.5% of cases, and 50% of these were related to non-infectious causes, such as dystocia and birth traumas. As for perinatal mortality, a conclusive diagnosis was reached in 78.57% of cases, and infectious causes associated with bacterial infections accounted for 64.1% of these diagnoses.(AU)
Causas de aborto, natimortalidade e mortalidade perinatal em equinos foram investigadas no Setor de Patologia Veterinária da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (SPV-UFRGS) durante o período de 2000 a 2015. Nesse período, foram analisados 107 casos através de exames macroscópico, microscópico e exames complementares, desses 77 correspondiam a fetos abortados, 16 natimortos e 14 mortes perinatais. Diagnóstico conclusivo foi estabelecido em 42,8% dos fetos analisados e classificados como origem infecciosa em 28,6% dos casos, não infecciosa com 9,1% e outros com 5,1% dos casos. As infecções bacterianas, em especial as relacionadas a Streptococcus spp. foram as mais frequentemente observadas. Em potros natimortos, diagnostico foi estabelecido em 62,5% dos casos, e destes, 50% foram relacionados a causas não infecciosas, como distocia e traumas durante o parto. Quanto a mortalidade perinatal, em 78,57% dos casos houve um diagnostico conclusivo, e as causas infecciosas associadas a infecções bacterianas corresponderam a 64,1% desses diagnósticos.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Gravidez , Aborto Animal/etiologia , Mortalidade Fetal , Mortalidade Perinatal , Morte Fetal/etiologia , Cavalos , Infecções Estreptocócicas/veterinária , Streptococcus , Distocia/veterinária , Doenças Fetais/veterináriaRESUMO
Although reproductive failures (RF) such as abortion, stillbirth and neonatal mortality in cats are still under researched, it is known that many RF are caused by viral agents. This research surveyed the viral agent prevalence in queens with RF. Queens were excluded from the study if their RF was caused by issues other than infection, such as genetic, traumatic, hormonal or nutritional problems, or if they had a history of RF. Blood samples from 26 pregnant females with RF were collected for complete blood counts (BCC), renal/hepatic biochemistry and glycaemic analysis. Ultrasonography was performed to evaluate gestational age and foetal viability. When possible, placentas, humours and foetal tissues were collected. Blood samples were tested by PCR and qPCR for feline leukaemia virus (FeLV), feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), feline alphaherpesvirus 1 (FeHV-1) and carnivore protoparvovirus 1 (CPPV-1). All maternal samples were negative for FeLV, FIV and FeHV-1 and positive for CPPV-1. In addition, foetuses from one queen and three females were positive for CPPV-1 by qPCR and for feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) through DNA sequencing. The BCC and biochemistry results revealed significant neutrophilia, lymphopenia, monocytosis, and liver enzymes. These results provide the first description of an FPV agent causing only RF-related clinical signs in queens.
RESUMO
Esta revisão de literatura visa abordar os principais problemas reprodutivos dentro de uma granja suína. O aborto pode ser categorizado em dois tipos: oriundo de causas infecciosas e oriundo de causas não infecciosas. O percentual de aborto aceitável na suinocultura tecnificada encontra-se entre 1 a 1,5%, entretanto, alguns estudos relatam taxa um pouco maiores em alguns rebanhos suínos. Existem diversos fatores predisponentes, tais como abortos sazonais, stress calórico e ambiental, baixo nível de higiene, deficiências nutricionais, entre outros. Entre as causas infecciosas, podemos destacar: doença de Aujeszky, parvovirose, leptospirose, circovirose, peste suína clássica, brucelose e PRRS. Observando todos esses fatores de influência no sucesso reprodutivo de uma granja, devemos sempre estar atentos a suas causas, de modo a prevenir sua ocorrência. (AU)
The literature review focused on the main reproductive disorders in pig herds, Abortion are general divided into two categories: abortions caused by infectious agents and caused by non-infectious agents. The acceptable rate of abortion in intensive pig farming is between 1 and 1,5%, however, studies shows higher rates are common in breeding farms. Several predisponent factors such as: seasonal abortion, caloric and environmental stress, sunburns, low level of hygiene, nutritional deficiency, and others, help to raise those rates. Among the infectious agents, which can cause abortion, there are Aujeszky disease virus, parvovirus, leptospirosis, circovirus, classic swine fever virus, brucellosis, PRRS virus and others. Looking through all those factors that have broad influence on the reproductive success of a pig herd, we it is recommended always being aware of the causes so it is possible to prevent them. (AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Suínos/fisiologia , Reprodução/fisiologia , Fenômenos Reprodutivos Fisiológicos , Doenças dos Suínos/fisiopatologia , Pseudorraiva , Infecções por Parvoviridae/veterinária , Leptospirose/veterinária , Infecções por Circoviridae/veterinária , Peste Suína Clássica , Brucelose/veterinária , Síndrome Respiratória e Reprodutiva SuínaRESUMO
Esta revisão de literatura visa abordar os principais problemas reprodutivos dentro de uma granja suína. O aborto pode ser categorizado em dois tipos: oriundo de causas infecciosas e oriundo de causas não infecciosas. O percentual de aborto aceitável na suinocultura tecnificada encontra-se entre 1 a 1,5%, entretanto, alguns estudos relatam taxa um pouco maiores em alguns rebanhos suínos. Existem diversos fatores predisponentes, tais como abortos sazonais, stress calórico e ambiental, baixo nível de higiene, deficiências nutricionais, entre outros. Entre as causas infecciosas, podemos destacar: doença de Aujeszky, parvovirose, leptospirose, circovirose, peste suína clássica, brucelose e PRRS. Observando todos esses fatores de influência no sucesso reprodutivo de uma granja, devemos sempre estar atentos a suas causas, de modo a prevenir sua ocorrência.
The literature review focused on the main reproductive disorders in pig herds, Abortion are general divided into two categories: abortions caused by infectious agents and caused by non-infectious agents. The acceptable rate of abortion in intensive pig farming is between 1 and 1,5%, however, studies shows higher rates are common in breeding farms. Several predisponent factors such as: seasonal abortion, caloric and environmental stress, sunburns, low level of hygiene, nutritional deficiency, and others, help to raise those rates. Among the infectious agents, which can cause abortion, there are Aujeszky disease virus, parvovirus, leptospirosis, circovirus, classic swine fever virus, brucellosis, PRRS virus and others. Looking through all those factors that have broad influence on the reproductive success of a pig herd, we it is recommended always being aware of the causes so it is possible to prevent them.