RESUMO

Plant tissue culture has emerged as an important tool to produce bioactive compounds from various plant species, including the sustainable production of limonoids that are receiving considerable attention due to the benefits associated with human health such as anticancer activities. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the capacity of limonoids aglycone production from callus culture from sweet orange cv. Pera (Citrus sinensis) seeds and identify the compounds produced in this cell line. Callus induction occurred in Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic (2,4-D), malt extract, agar and coconut water. For the analysis and identification of the limonoids, CG-MS-EI ion-positive mode and UPLC-QTOF-ESI were used operating in positive and negative mode. An intense peak corresponding to limonin appeared in the callus extracts at a retention time of 58.1 min. in CG-MS-EI and four major limonoids aglycone by positive ion mode UPLC-QTOF-ESI: limonin, nomilin, deacetylnomilin, and nomilinic acid. The culture medium was efficient at the bioproduction of limonoids aglycone in callus cultures of C. sinensis seeds. Therefore, data obtained from UPLC-QTOF-ESI proved its importance at identifying new compounds that benefit human health, and may assist future work in the identification of known or new limonoids in Citrus species and related genera.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Plant tissue culture has emerged as an important tool to produce bioactive compounds from various plant species, including the sustainable production of limonoids that are receiving considerable attention due to the benefits associated with human health such as anticancer activities. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the capacity of limonoids aglycone production from callus culture from sweet orange cv. Pera (Citrus sinensis) seeds and identify the compounds produced in this cell line. Callus induction occurred in Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic (2,4-D), malt extract, agar and coconut water. For the analysis and identification of the limonoids, CG-MS-EI ion-positive mode and UPLC-QTOF-ESI were used operating in positive and negative mode. An intense peak corresponding to limonin appeared in the callus extracts at a retention time of 58.1 min. in CG-MS-EI and four major limonoids aglycone by positive ion mode UPLC-QTOF-ESI: limonin, nomilin, deacetylnomilin, and nomilinic acid. The culture medium was efficient at the bioproduction of limonoids aglycone in callus cultures of C. sinensis seeds. Therefore, data obtained from UPLC-QTOF-ESI proved its importance at identifying new compounds that benefit human health, and may assist future work in the identification of known or new limonoids in Citrus species and related genera.

Assuntos

RESUMO

The in vitro seed germination which results in the production of disease-free seedlings and greenhouse germination of the seeds of Mansonia altissima was investigated in order to establish a better way of germination of the timber species. Five levels of GA3 treatment were used in in vitro germination with three replicate and two seeds were inoculated in each of the jam bottle. Whereas, in greenhouse germination, five levels of different treatments were used, replicated three times and each Petri plate contained 15 seeds. The experiment was repeated twice and the data from each experiment was put together and used for the statistical analysis. The results showed that seeds germination occurred eight days after inoculation in in vitro but in the case of greenhouse germination, it took only five days. For in vitro rapid germination of Mansonia altissima, the MS medium should be supplemented with 1.0 μm of GA3. Equally, in greenhouse germination, the seeds need to be soaked in 1.0 mM of GA3 for 24 hours. Alternatively, in the absence of GA3, the seeds can be soaked in water for 24 hours before broadcasting the seeds on the seedbed for germination, as this will help to identify nonviable seeds.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

The in vitro seed germination which results in the production of disease-free seedlings and greenhouse germination of the seeds of Mansonia altissima was investigated in order to establish a better way of germination of the timber species. Five levels of GA3 treatment were used in in vitro germination with three replicate and two seeds were inoculated in each of the jam bottle. Whereas, in greenhouse germination, five levels of different treatments were used, replicated three times and each Petri plate contained 15 seeds. The experiment was repeated twice and the data from each experiment was put together and used for the statistical analysis. The results showed that seeds germination occurred eight days after inoculation in in vitro but in the case of greenhouse germination, it took only five days. For in vitro rapid germination of Mansonia altissima, the MS medium should be supplemented with 1.0 μm of GA3. Equally, in greenhouse germination, the seeds need to be soaked in 1.0 mM of GA3 for 24 hours. Alternatively, in the absence of GA3, the seeds can be soaked in water for 24 hours before broadcasting the seeds on the seedbed for germination, as this will help to identify nonviable seeds.

Assuntos

RESUMO

The implantation of a model of sustainable development for agriculture can happen with the contribution of the mandiocultura. But for this, culture needs to be strengthened. In vitro propagation is an instrument for this purpose. Micropropagation can provide growers with large quantities of vigorous and healthy cassava seedlings in a short time. The objective of this study was to evaluate the in vitro establishment of four varieties of cassava cultivated in the municipality of Colorado do Oeste, State of Rondônia, popularly known as Arara, Caturra, Cacau Vermelha and Roxinha. For that, an experiment was carried out in the Laboratory of In Vitro Cultivation at the Pole of Technological Innovation of the University of Cruz Alta (UNICRUZ), with a completely randomized design in a 4 x 2 factorial scheme, with 6 replications. The treatments consisted of explants grown in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium without the presence of growth regulator and MS medium supplemented with of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). The results indicate that the mean contamination percentage of the explants was 47.19%, differing among the varieties. The best growth response in culture media, in the multiple comparison of means (Scott-Knott's test, 5%), was obtained with MS medium without BAP addition, with significant difference between varieties. Under the conditions of this experiment, it was evidenced that micropropagation is a viable tool for obtaining varieties of interest, with desired phytosanitary qualities, with varietal and large-scale authenticity.(AU)

A implantação de um modelo de desenvolvimento sustentável para a agricultura pode acontecer com a contribuição da mandiocultura. Mas para isso, a cultura precisa ser fortalecida. A propagação in vitro é um instrumento para este fim. A micropropagação pode proporcionar aos produtores grande quantidade de mudas de mandioca vigorosas e sadias em um curto espaço de tempo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o estabelecimento in vitro de quatro variedades de mandioca cultivadas no município de Colorado do Oeste, Rondônia, popularmente conhecidas como Arara, Caturra, Cacau Vermelha e Roxinha. Para isso, foi realizado um experimento no Laboratório de Cultivo In Vitro no Polo de Inovação Tecnológica da Universidade de Cruz Alta (UNICRUZ), com delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 4 x 2, com 6 repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram em explantes cultivados em meio Murashige e Skoog (MS) sem a presença de regulador de crescimento e meio MS suplementado com 6-benzilaminopurina (BAP). Os resultados indicam que a porcentagem média de contaminação dos explantes foi de 47,19%, diferindo entre as variedades. A melhor resposta de crescimento em meios de cultura, na comparação múltipla de médias (teste de Scott-Knott, 5%), foi obtida com meio MS sem adição de BAP, com diferença significativa entre as variedades. Nas condições deste experimento, ficou evidenciado que a micropropagação é uma ferramenta viável para obtenção de variedades de interesse, com qualidades fitossanitárias desejadas, com autenticidade varietal e em larga escala.(AU)

La implantación de un modelo de desarrollo sostenible para la agricultura puede suceder con el aporte de la mandiocultura. Pero, para eso, la cultura necesita ser fortalecida. La propagación in vitro es un instrumento para ese fin. La micropropagación puede proporcionar a los cultivadores grandes cantidades de plántulas de mandioca vigorosas y saludables en poco tiempo. El objetivo de esta investigación ha sido evaluar el establecimiento in vitro de cuatro variedades de mandiocas cultivadas en el municipio de Colorado del Oeste, Rondônia, popularmente conocidas como Arara, Caturra, Cacau Vermelha y Roxinha. Para eso, se realizó un experimento en el Laboratorio de cultivo in vitro en el Polo de Innovación Tecnológica de la Universidad de Cruz Alta (UNICRUZ), con delineamiento completamente casualizado en esquema factorial 4 x 2, con 6 repeticiones. Los tratamientos consistieron en explantes cultivados en medio Murashige y Skoog (MS) sin la presencia de regulador de crecimiento y medio MS suplementado con 6-bencilaminopurina (BAP). Los resultados indican que el porcentaje de contaminación promedio de los explantes fue de 47.19%, diferenciándose entre las variedades. La mejor respuesta de crecimiento en medios de cultivo, en la comparación múltiple de medias (prueba de Scott-Knott, 5%), se obtuvo con medio MS sin adición de BAP, con una diferencia significativa entre las variedades. Bajo las condiciones de este experimento, se evidenció que la micropropagación es una herramienta viable para obtener variedades de interés, con cualidades fitosanitarias deseadas, con autenticidad varietal y de gran escala.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

The implantation of a model of sustainable development for agriculture can happen with the contribution of the mandiocultura. But for this, culture needs to be strengthened. In vitro propagation is an instrument for this purpose. Micropropagation can provide growers with large quantities of vigorous and healthy cassava seedlings in a short time. The objective of this study was to evaluate the in vitro establishment of four varieties of cassava cultivated in the municipality of Colorado do Oeste, State of Rondônia, popularly known as Arara, Caturra, Cacau Vermelha and Roxinha. For that, an experiment was carried out in the Laboratory of In Vitro Cultivation at the Pole of Technological Innovation of the University of Cruz Alta (UNICRUZ), with a completely randomized design in a 4 x 2 factorial scheme, with 6 replications. The treatments consisted of explants grown in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium without the presence of growth regulator and MS medium supplemented with of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). The results indicate that the mean contamination percentage of the explants was 47.19%, differing among the varieties. The best growth response in culture media, in the multiple comparison of means (Scott-Knott's test, 5%), was obtained with MS medium without BAP addition, with significant difference between varieties. Under the conditions of this experiment, it was evidenced that micropropagation is a viable tool for obtaining varieties of interest, with desired phytosanitary qualities, with varietal and large-scale authenticity.(AU)

A implantação de um modelo de desenvolvimento sustentável para a agricultura pode acontecer com a contribuição da mandiocultura. Mas para isso, a cultura precisa ser fortalecida. A propagação in vitro é um instrumento para este fim. A micropropagação pode proporcionar aos produtores grande quantidade de mudas de mandioca vigorosas e sadias em um curto espaço de tempo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o estabelecimento in vitro de quatro variedades de mandioca cultivadas no município de Colorado do Oeste, Rondônia, popularmente conhecidas como Arara, Caturra, Cacau Vermelha e Roxinha. Para isso, foi realizado um experimento no Laboratório de Cultivo In Vitro no Polo de Inovação Tecnológica da Universidade de Cruz Alta (UNICRUZ), com delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 4 x 2, com 6 repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram em explantes cultivados em meio Murashige e Skoog (MS) sem a presença de regulador de crescimento e meio MS suplementado com 6-benzilaminopurina (BAP). Os resultados indicam que a porcentagem média de contaminação dos explantes foi de 47,19%, diferindo entre as variedades. A melhor resposta de crescimento em meios de cultura, na comparação múltipla de médias (teste de Scott-Knott, 5%), foi obtida com meio MS sem adição de BAP, com diferença significativa entre as variedades. Nas condições deste experimento, ficou evidenciado que a micropropagação é uma ferramenta viável para obtenção de variedades de interesse, com qualidades fitossanitárias desejadas, com autenticidade varietal e em larga escala.(AU)

La implantación de un modelo de desarrollo sostenible para la agricultura puede suceder con el aporte de la mandiocultura. Pero, para eso, la cultura necesita ser fortalecida. La propagación in vitro es un instrumento para ese fin. La micropropagación puede proporcionar a los cultivadores grandes cantidades de plántulas de mandioca vigorosas y saludables en poco tiempo. El objetivo de esta investigación ha sido evaluar el establecimiento in vitro de cuatro variedades de mandiocas cultivadas en el municipio de Colorado del Oeste, Rondônia, popularmente conocidas como Arara, Caturra, Cacau Vermelha y Roxinha. Para eso, se realizó un experimento en el Laboratorio de cultivo in vitro en el Polo de Innovación Tecnológica de la Universidad de Cruz Alta (UNICRUZ), con delineamiento completamente casualizado en esquema factorial 4 x 2, con 6 repeticiones. Los tratamientos consistieron en explantes cultivados en medio Murashige y Skoog (MS) sin la presencia de regulador de crecimiento y medio MS suplementado con 6-bencilaminopurina (BAP). Los resultados indican que el porcentaje de contaminación promedio de los explantes fue de 47.19%, diferenciándose entre las variedades. La mejor respuesta de crecimiento en medios de cultivo, en la comparación múltiple de medias (prueba de Scott-Knott, 5%), se obtuvo con medio MS sin adición de BAP, con una diferencia significativa entre las variedades. Bajo las condiciones de este experimento, se evidenció que la micropropagación es una herramienta viable para obtener variedades de interés, con cualidades fitosanitarias deseadas, con autenticidad varietal y de gran escala.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni is a medicinal plants and commercially use as non-caloric sweetener for diabetic patient. In the present study, a protocol was developed for in vitro micropropagation using 6-benzylamino purine (BAP) and Kinetin (Kn) for the formation of multiple shoot proliferation and Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) for the induction of roots. Maximum shoot formation (7.82 ± 0.7 shoots per explants) was observed on a Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0.5 mg L-1 BAP and 0.25 mg L-1 Kn. The maximum number of roots (30.12 ± 2.1 roots per explants) was obtained on a MS medium containing 1.0 mg L-1 IBA. The well rooted plantlets were successfully weaned and acclimatized in plant soil with survival rate of 83.3 %.

RESUMO

The role of the substrate on germination of Gigaspora albida Schenck & Smith was investigated. Spores were desinfested with 0.5% sodium hypochlorite (20 min.) and placed on Petri dishes over a Millipore filter, with one of the following media: a- 1% water-agar; b- water-agar + aqueous extract of roots of Panicum miliaceum L.; c- salt medium of Murashige & Skoog (MS) or sterilized sand; and incubated in the dark at room temperature (28ºC ± 2). The experimental design was at random with four treatments and four replicates. Germination was evaluated every 7 days until the 28th day. The water-agar medium was the most feasible for spore germination at the 7th day, followed by the MS medium at the 14th day. Conversely, the sand and the root extract medium did not allow high germination. Spores maintained in water-agar also presented longer germ tubes than spores in the other treatments. Auxiliary cells were observed at the beginning of formation of hyphal branching in all treatments, however they were more numerous in the water-agar medium.

Foi investigado o papel do substrato sobre a germinação e o crescimento do tubo germinativo de Gigaspora albida Schenck & Smith. Os esporos foram desinfestados com hipoclorito de sódio a 0,5% por 20 min. sob agitação constante, lavados com água destilada esterilizada e colocados em membrana de milipore, em placas de Petri com: 1. ágar água 1%, 2. ágar água 1% + extrato aquoso de raizes de Panicum miliaceum, 3. meio com sais de Murashige & Skoog (MS) e 4. areia esterilizada. O material foi incubado no escuro, sob temperatura ambiente (28 ºC ± 2). O delineamento foi inteiramente casualizado, com quatro tratamentos e quatro repetições e a avaliação feita a cada sete dias até completar 28 dias. O meio ágar água 1% foi o mais propício para germinação (100%) após sete dias, seguido pelo meio MS, aos 14 dias. Ao contrário, o solo e o meio com extrato de raiz proporcionaram baixo índice de germinação. Os esporos mantidos em ágar água também apresentaram maior crescimento do tubo germinativo, em relação aos demais tratamentos. Células auxiliares características do gênero foram observadas no início das ramificações hifálicas, em todos os tratamentos, sendo mais numerosas no tratamento em ágar água 1%.

RESUMO

Avaliaram-se diferentes concentrações de sacarose e sais do MS (MURASHIGE & SKOOG, J 962) na regeneração e crescimento de brotos de Kielmeyera coriacea in vitro. A redução e o aumento da quantidade de sacarose partindo de 30 e 45g/L, respectivamente, causou um decréscimo no número total de brotos. O uso integral ou da metade das concentrações dos sais do MS proporcionou maiores taxas de multiplicação. A maior porcentagem de brotos com mais de 1,0cm de comprimento pôde ser obtida empregando-se 30 g/l de sacarose associado a concentração 1/1 do MS. A porcentagem média de brotos decresceu linearmente com a diluição salina.

Trials were carried out to test sucrose and salt concentrations added to growth medium on regeneration and growth response of Kielmeyera coriacea shoots. The reduction and increase of sucrose of 30 and 45g/l, rerspectively, caused a decrease in total number of shoots. A higher shoots percentage of with more than 1.0cm, occurred on media with 30g/L of sucrose. The use of total force (1/1) and half strength (1/2) of MS salt proportioned a higher shoot ratio and growth.

RESUMO

Trials were carried out to test sucrose and salt concentrations added to growth medium on regeneration and growth response of Kielmeyera coriacea shoots. The reduction and increase of sucrose of 30 and 45g/l, rerspectively, caused a decrease in total number of shoots. A higher shoots percentage of with more than 1.0cm, occurred on media with 30g/L of sucrose. The use of total force (1/1) and half strength (1/2) of MS salt proportioned a higher shoot ratio and growth.

Avaliaram-se diferentes concentrações de sacarose e sais do MS (MURASHIGE & SKOOG, J 962) na regeneração e crescimento de brotos de Kielmeyera coriacea in vitro. A redução e o aumento da quantidade de sacarose partindo de 30 e 45g/L, respectivamente, causou um decréscimo no número total de brotos. O uso integral ou da metade das concentrações dos sais do MS proporcionou maiores taxas de multiplicação. A maior porcentagem de brotos com mais de 1,0cm de comprimento pôde ser obtida empregando-se 30 g/l de sacarose associado a concentração 1/1 do MS. A porcentagem média de brotos decresceu linearmente com a diluição salina.