RESUMO
Introducción. Colombia es un país que ha tenido el conflicto armado como parte de su historia. Durante más de 50 años, diferentes tipos de armas han sido empleados en la guerra interna. Desde el año 1999 hasta 2010, en el Hospital Militar Central, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia, se atendieron más de 15.000 personas heridas en combate. El objetivo de este estudio fue describir los abordajes quirúrgicos realizados para el tratamiento de lesiones generadas en combate militar, por el servicio de Cirugía general en el Hospital Militar Central, entre los años 2016 y 2021. Métodos. Se condujo un estudio observacional descriptivo de corte transversal, en donde se recolectó información de la base de datos del grupo de Trauma del Hospital Militar Central, sobre los pacientes con lesiones generadas en combate, atendidos por el servicio de cirugía general. Resultados. En total ingresaron 203 pacientes, 99 % de sexo masculino, 87 % pertenecientes al ejército. El departamento de donde más se recibieron heridos fue Arauca (20,7 %). Las armas de fuego de alta velocidad fueron los artefactos relacionados con las heridas en más de la mitad de los casos. Las intervenciones quirúrgicas más frecuentes fueron extracción de cuerpo extraño (28 %), exploración vascular (25,5 %) y toracostomía o toracoscopia (20,6 %). Conclusión. Los procedimientos quirúrgicos para el manejo del trauma militar siguen siendo variados con respecto a la ubicación y el abordaje, razón por la cual el conocimiento del cirujano general debe ser amplio, para estar capacitado para su manejo.
Introduction. Colombia is a country that has had armed conflict as part of its history. For more than 50 years, different types of weapons have been used in internal warfare. From 1999 to 2010, more than 15,000 people injured in combat were treated at the Central Military Hospital, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia. The objective of this study was to describe the surgical approaches carried out for the treatment of injuries generated in military combat, by the General Surgery service at the Central Military Hospital, between 2016 and 2021. Methods. A cross-sectional descriptive observational study was conducted, where information was collected from the database of the Trauma group of the Central Military Hospital on patients with injuries during combat treated by the General Surgery service. Results. A total of 203 patients were admitted, 99% were male, 87% belonged to the Army. The department from which the most wounded were received was Arauca (20.7%). High-velocity firearms were the injury-related weapons in more than half of the cases. The most common surgical interventions performed were foreign body extraction (28%), vascular exploration (25.5%), and thoracostomy or thoracoscopy (20.6%). Conclusion. Surgical procedures for the management of military trauma continue to be varied with respect to location and approach, which is why the general surgeon's knowledge must be extensive to be qualified for its management.
Assuntos
Humanos , Procedimentos Médicos e Cirúrgicos sem Sangue , Lesões Relacionadas à Guerra , Serviços de Saúde Militar , Ferimentos e Lesões , Guerras e Conflitos ArmadosRESUMO
Objetivou avaliar o nível de atividade física, capacidade funcional (CF) e a flexibilidade de adultos jovens antes e após dez meses de ingresso em um programa de exercícios físicos no Exército brasileiro. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de coorte prospectivo. O nível de atividade física foi avaliado pelo Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física (IPAQ), a CF, pelo Teste de Cooper, e a flexibilidade, pelo Banco de Wells. Amostra (n = 198; 18±0,27 anos) com índice de massa corporal (IMC) de 23,23±3,84 kg/m2. Após dez meses de admissão no Exército, constatou-se redução na prevalência de sedentarismo (33 ï® 28%) e na CF (2.982±243,61 ï® 3.117±192,87 m), sem alteração da flexibilidade (27,31±7,39 ï® 27,52±7,40 cm). Houve grande tamanho de efeito no IMC, na relação cintura quadril (RCQ) e na flexibilidade. Conclui-se que a inserção em um programa de exercícios físicos no Exército brasileiro aumentou a CF e reduziu a RCQ dos jovens.
This study aimed to evaluate the level of physical activity, functional capacity (FC), and flexibility of young adults before and ten months after joining a physical exercise program in the Brazilian Army. This was a prospective cohort study. The level of physical activity was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), FC using the Cooper Test, and flexibility using the Wells bench. Sample (n = 198; 18±0.27 years) with a body mass index (BMI) of 23.23±3.84 kg/m2. After ten months of admission to the Brazilian Army, there was a reduction in the prevalence of sedentary lifestyle (33 ï® 28%) and FC (2,982±243.61 ï® 3,117±192.87 m), without change in flexibility (27.31±7.39 ï® 27.52±7.40 cm). There was a large effect size on BMI, waist-hip ratio (WHR), and flexibility. In short, inclusion in a physical exercise program in the Brazilian Army increased FC and reduced the WHR of young recruits.
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Este estudo buscou compreender os estressores ocupacionais percebidos por enfermeiras militares e os seus modos de enfrentamento. Pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, realizada em um hospital do Exército Brasileiro. A coleta de dados ocorreu de agosto a outubro de 2019 por meio de entrevista com uso de gravador eletrônico. Os dados foram analisados de forma descritiva, e utilizou-se como referencial o Método Hermenêutico-Dialético com fundamentação na teoria dos sistemas de Betty Neuman. Com base nas unidades de significação dos discursos das participantes, foram identificadas três categorias de análise: (1) Estressores ocupacionais percebidos; (2) Percepção das enfermeiras sobre as repercussões do ambiente de trabalho na vida cotidiana; e (3) Enfrentamento dos estressores ocupacionais. A percepção das enfermeiras militares sobre o estresse ocupacional evidenciou que esse cenário é constituído de estressores típicos da profissão, do ser enfermeiro e do ser militar, podendo haver respostas diversas ao enfrentamento do estresse percebido.
This study aimed to understand the occupational stressors perceived by military nurses and their ways of coping. A qualitative research was carried out at a Brazilian Army hospital. Data collection took place from August to October 2019 through an interview by using an electronic recorder. The data were analyzed in a descriptive way, and the hermeneutic-dialectical method was used as a reference based on Betty Neuman's systems theory. Based on the units of signification of the participants' discourses, three categories of analysis were identified: (1)Perceived occupational stressors; (2) Perception of nurses about the repercussions of their work environment in everyday life; and (3) Coping with occupational stressors. The military nurses' perception of occupational stress showed that this scenario consists of stressors typical of the profession, of what it is like to be a nurse and to be in the military. There may be several responses to coping with perceived stress.
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O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar a prevalência e o autoconhecimento para indicadores de inflamação sugestivos de doença periodontal em militares de ambos os sexos. Os militares foram recrutados para realização de um censo odontológico para toda a população do Centro de Instrução Almirante Wandenkolk (CIAW) da Marinha do Brasil, totalizando 409 voluntários. Foram formados dois grupos para posterior análise: Grupo 1- contendo exclusivamente mulheres e Grupo 2- contendo exclusivamente homens. Foram realizados 409 exames clínicos e analisados 409 questionários. Os resultados demonstraram que, quanto aos participantes militares, 40,1% foram do sexo feminino e 59,9%, do sexo masculino; 87% faziam uso do fio dental, desses 56% usavam diariamente; 77% apresentaram frequência de escovação de três vezes ao dia ou mais; 74,3% relataram que visitam regularmente o dentista, e a proporção de mulheres que frequenta regularmente o dentista superou significativamente a proporção de homens que o fizeram (I.C. 95%; p < 0,001); 61,6% afirmaram conhecer a doença periodontal. A avaliação profissional verificou a presença de indicadores de inflamação sugestivos de doença periodontal em 45,2% participantes, desses 37% eram do gênero feminino e 63%, do gênero masculino, não sendo observada diferença estatística entre os gêneros (I.C. 95%; p = 0,2248). Concluiu-se que a prevalência de indicadores de inflamação sugestivos de doença periodontal encontrada foi de 45,2%; o autoconhecimento dos militares sobre doença periodontal foi baixo, apenas 19%; dessa forma foi verificada diferença estatística entre o conhecimento das mulheres e dos homens; e observou-se que a maioria dos participantes estava dentro da frequência correta para consulta de retorno ao dentista.
The objective of this study was to identify the prevalence and self-recognition for indicators of inflammation suggestive of periodontal disease in military personnel of both genders. The military personnel was recruited to conduct a dental census for the entire population of the Admiral Wandenkolk Training Center of the Brazilian Navy, totaling 409 volunteers. Two groups were formed for further analysis: Group 1- containing exclusively women and Group 2- containing exclusively men. A total of 409 clinical examinations were performed and the questionnaires were analyzed. The results showed that, regarding the military participants, 40.1% were female and 59.9% were male; 87% used dental floss, of which 56% used it daily; 77% brushed three times a day or more; 74.3% reported that they visited the dentist regularly, and the proportion of women who regularly visited the dentist significantly exceeded the proportion of men who did (C.I. 95%; p<0.001); 61.6% said they knew about periodontal disease. The professional evaluation verified the presence of inflammation indicators suggestive of periodontal disease in 45.2% of the participants, of which 37% were female and 63% were male, with no statistical difference between genders (95% CI, p=0.2248). The prevalence of inflammation indicators suggestive of periodontal disease was 45.2%; the self-knowledge of the military about the periodontal disease was low, only 19%; thus a statistical difference was found between the knowledge of females and males; and it was observed that most participants were within the correct frequency for return visits to the dentist.
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RESUMEN Este artículo analiza el quehacer asistencial en los hospitales de sangre de la Segunda División del Cuarto Cuerpo del Ejército Libertador, con énfasis en su localización, estadísticas y principales procedimientos realizados en estas rudimentarias instalaciones. Está ubicado en el marco temporal de 1895-1898, en la región de Las Villas. Se sitúa en la sanidad militar mambisa de la Segunda División del Cuarto Cuerpo del Ejército Libertador, especifica que el rol de estos hospitales era atender a las tropas mambisas y mantener su vitalidad durante la guerra. Las fuentes que sustentan los argumentos y valoraciones de este trabajo, revelan que la sanidad militar mambisa y dentro de esta, los hospitales de sangre, fueron pilares fundamentales para la subsistencia del Ejército Libertador durante la contienda independentista de 1895.
ABSTRACT This article analyzes the care work in the blood hospitals of the Second Division of the Fourth Corps of the Liberation Army, with an emphasis on their location, statistics and main procedures carried out in these rudimentary facilities. It is located in the time frame of 1895 - 1898, in the Las Villas region. It is located in the Mambi military health of the Second Division of the Fourth Corps of the Liberation Army, specifying that the role of these hospitals was to attend to the Mambi troops and maintain their vitality during the war. The sources that support the arguments and evaluations of this work, reveal that the Mambi military health and within this, the blood hospitals were fundamental pillars for the survival of the Liberation Army during the independence struggle of 1895.
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INTRODUCTION: Cardiovascular risk factors have been measured under different conditions, there is some missing information related to specific occupations, such as penitentiary staff which due to their characteristics could have an increased cardiovascular risk. Objective: To determine cardiovascular risk factors on military staff from penitentiary institutions in Santander-Colombia. Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted with 182 workers. Anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, serum lipid profile, and glucose levels were measured. Univariate and bivariate analyses were carried out to establish differences between individuals. Results: Anthropometric and biochemical measures showed that 71.3% participants were overweight or obese, 29.4% presented high blood pressure with increased levels of total cholesterol (27.5%), triglycerides (40.7%), glucose (9.3%), and 84.1% presented low levels of HDL cholesterol. Bivariate analysis found a negative correlation between BMI and HDL cholesterol (p < .05) and a positive correlation between BMI with triglycerides (p < .01), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (p < .01). Conclusion: The studied military population presented increased levels of cardiovascular risk in comparison with a similar group in age, gender of nonmilitary individuals. However, it is important to carry out comparative studies between military staff in order to determine the prevalence and other risk predicting factors present in this specific population.
Assuntos
Doenças Cardiovasculares , Pressão Sanguínea/fisiologia , Índice de Massa Corporal , Doenças Cardiovasculares/etiologia , HDL-Colesterol , Colômbia , Estudos Transversais , Glucose , Fatores de Risco de Doenças Cardíacas , Humanos , Ocupações , Prisões , Fatores de Risco , TriglicerídeosRESUMO
ABSTRACT Objective To investigate the impact of in loco physical therapy interventions on military firefighters involved in search and rescue operations following the collapse of the Brumadinho dam, in Minas Gerais. To describe the clinical and demographic profile of military firefighters receiving physical therapy care. Methods Physical therapy assessment and care protocols were designed. Protocols were based on manual physical therapy approaches, and aimed primarily to alleviate musculoskeletal pain. Physical therapists involved were duly trained prior to interventions to level technical skills. Physical therapy was provided upon request (i.e., military workers sought the service after work shift completion). Results A total of 318 military firefighters, most of whom were males (92.5%) mean age 32.9 years, received physical therapy care (575 sessions spread out over 48 days). In this sample, 43.4% of military workers had a history of musculoskeletal complaints. Military workers seeking physical therapy after completion of their work shifts reported mean pain intensity of 5.4 in a numerical scale. Spinal pain was reported in 61.7% of cases, followed by generalized muscle and myofascial pain (16.7%), lower and upper limb pain (14.4% and 6.8%, respectively). At the end of sessions, mean pain intensity reported dropped down to 1.3. Differences were statistically significant (non-parametric Wilcoxon test; p=0.001). Conclusion The unprecedented physical therapy intervention described had a positive impact on relief of musculoskeletal pain among military firefighters involved in search and rescue operations during the Brumadinho dam disaster, and seen at the end of their work shifts.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Bombeiros , Desastres , Militares , Brasil , Modalidades de FisioterapiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of mood disorders in Brazilian soldiers. METHODS: A total of 353 soldiers answered the following questionnaires: the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), the Profile of Mood States (POMS), the medical outcomes study SF-36 questionnaire, the Baecke questionnaire to assess the level of habitual physical activity (HPA) and the socioeconomic (SE) status questionnaire. Participants were classified according to their desire to pursue a military career. RESULTS: Accordingly, 246 participants were allocated to a volunteer group (VG) and 107 to a non-volunteer group (NVG). According to the BDI data for both groups, 66.5% of the soldiers showed at least mild depressive symptoms. Additionally, the STAI data revealed that 27.8% and 8.4% of the soldiers showed high scores on state anxiety and trait anxiety, respectively. The POMS scores were higher in the NVG compared to the VG (Δ%=+263%, p<0.0001). Of the eight subscales, the SF-36 questionnaire showed statistical differences between the groups in the following five dimensions: functioning capacity (p = 0.0046), pain (p = 0.0011), vitality (p < 0.0001), role limitations due to emotional problems (p < 0.0001) and mental health (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Mood disorder levels were higher and health status and related quality of life levels were lower in the NVG as compared to the VG.
Assuntos
Militares/psicologia , Transtornos do Humor/epidemiologia , Transtornos do Humor/psicologia , Qualidade de Vida/psicologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Ansiedade/epidemiologia , Ansiedade/psicologia , Brasil/epidemiologia , Escolha da Profissão , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Depressão/epidemiologia , Depressão/psicologia , Exercício Físico/psicologia , Nível de Saúde , Humanos , Masculino , Programas Obrigatórios , Saúde Mental/estatística & dados numéricos , Transtornos do Humor/etiologia , Inventário de Personalidade/estatística & dados numéricos , Prevalência , Escalas de Graduação Psiquiátrica/estatística & dados numéricos , Classe Social , Inquéritos e Questionários/estatística & dados numéricos , Voluntários/psicologia , Voluntários/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto JovemRESUMO
El Dr. Máximo Zertucha Ojeda fue un médico militar que participó en la guerra de 1895 y llegó a ser el médico personal de Antonio Maceo. Luego de la muerte del Titán de Bronce, el galeno abandonó las filas del Ejército Libertador para acogerse al indulto español. Esta grave decisión suscitó una intensa polémica que mucho daño causó al prestigio del médico, a pesar de lo cual regresó y fue juzgado por un consejo de guerra que lo exoneró de responsabilidades y le permitió su reincorporación a las huestes mambisas. Es objetivo de este artículo analizar la deserción del Dr. Zertucha en el contexto de la muerte de Antonio Maceo y determinar si el galeno aportó informaciones al enemigo español para facilitar la captura y muerte del Titán de Bronce. Se rectifican imprecisiones publicadas relacionadas con las causas de su traslado a México donde culminó los estudios de Medicina, los trámites realizados en la Universidad de La Habana para revalidar el título y su fecha de graduado. Se comentan aspectos de su infancia y juventud, así como incorporación a la contienda guerrera. Se analiza la repercusión que tuvieron los sucesos de San Pedro y la tergiversación por diferentes órganos de prensa en Cuba y en el extranjero. Se destacan los argumentos del médico en su defensa así como otros elementos a su favor ofrecidos por diferentes colegas(AU)
Dr. Máximo Zertucha Ojeda was a military doctor who participated in the war of 1895 and became Antonio Maceo's personal physician. After the death of the Bronze Titan, the doctor left the ranks of the Liberating Army to seek a Spanish pardon. This serious decision provoked an intense polemic that caused much damage to the prestige of the doctor, in spite of which he returned and was judged by a court martial that exonerated him of responsibilities and allowed his reinstatement to the mambisas hosts. The aim of this article is to analyse the desertion of the Dr. Zertucha in the context of Antonio Maceo death and decide if the doctor contributed informations to the spanish enemy to facilitate the capture and death of theTitam of bronze. Published inaccuracies related to the causes of his transfer to Mexico, where he completed his medical studies, the procedures carried out at the University of Havana to revalidate the degree and his date of graduation, are rectified. Aspects of his childhood and youth are commented, as well as incorporation to the war struggle. The repercussion of the events of San Pedro and the distortion by different press organs in Cuba and abroad is analyzed. The arguments of the doctor in his defense are highlighted as well as other elements in his favor offered by different colleagues(AU)
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Humanos , Masculino , Pessoas Famosas , CubaRESUMO
Introducción: al cesar la dominación española en Cuba y establecerse la República comenzó la creación de las instituciones que la formarían. Surgen los cuerpos armados como una necesidad para cuidar el orden interior y la seguridad de la nación. Objetivo: exponer algunos rasgos de la sanidad militar en su periodo fundacional y ahondar en datos biográficos de su primer integrante, iniciador de esta etapa de la medicina militar cubana. Métodos: se realizó una revisión bibliográfica, se empleó el método historiográfico analítico - sintético, se constataron los datos sobre el origen y evolución de la sanidad militar en Cuba. Desarrollo: el doctor Jorge Vega Lamar, con el grado de capitán, fue el primer médico de la sanidad militar. Con anterioridad cumplió deberes patrióticos en la Guerra de 1895. Como médico integró expediciones armadas y el cuerpo de sanidad militar del Ejército Libertador, alcanzando por sus méritos el grado de Teniente Coronel. Conclusiones: los resultados contribuyen a enriquecer la historiografía de la medicina militar(AU)
Introduction: When the Spanish domination in Cuba ceased and the Republic was established, the creation of the institutions that would form it began. Armed bodies emerge as a need to take care of the internal order and the security of the nation. Objective: To set out some features of the military health in its foundational period and delve into biographical data of its first member, initiator of this stage of Cuban military medicine. Methods: A bibliographic review was carried out, the analytical - synthetic historiographic method was used, data on the origin and evolution of military health in Cuba were verified. Body: Doctor Jorge Vega Lamar, with the rank of captain, was the first doctor of military health. Previously, he fulfilled patriotic duties in the War of 1895. As a physician he integrated armed expeditions and the military health corps of the Liberation Army, reaching by his merits the rank of Lieutenant Colonel. Conclusions: the results contribute to enrich the historiography of military medicine(AU)