RESUMO
This study aimed to evaluate the scientific literature on the micronucleus assay in nasal mucosa as an appropriate method for evaluating genotoxicity caused by chemical agents. According to the PRISMA guidelines, only in vivo human studies with micronucleus assays using nasal cells were considered. Reviews, case reports, editorials, letters to the editor, and articles not written in English were excluded. The following scientific databases/search engines were used: PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science. Results: This review included 13 studies. Four articles detected no statistical significance regarding the frequency of micronuclei while nine articles showed an increase in micronuclei in nasal cells. In the qualitative analysis, two articles were considered strong, eight were moderate and three were weak. The micronucleus assay using nasal mucosa cells is a sensitive and effective technique for assessing DNA damage and an appropriate method for monitoring humans continuously exposed to chemicals.
Assuntos
Mutagênicos , Mucosa Nasal , Humanos , Testes para Micronúcleos/métodos , Mutagênicos/toxicidade , Dano ao DNARESUMO
OBJECTIVES: This study intends to provide a quick, easy, and inexpensive way to assess nuclear abnormalities such as micronuclei and bud frequencies; binucleated, karyorrhectic, karyolytic, pycnotic, and condensed chromatin cells in nasal scrapings of infants, which are particularly important for conducting genotoxic studies related to the inhaled atmosphere in pediatric populations. METHODS: Nasal swab samples were collected from 40 infants under 12 months of age using a small cytobrush. 2,000 cells from each infant sample were analyzed and classified according to the frequency of nuclear abnormalities. RESULTS: Rates of nuclear abnormalities found agree with values reported in other studies of neonates and children. This study found 0.13% of cells with micronuclei; 1.20% karyorrhexis; 0.03% pyknosis; 10.85% karyolysis; 1.11% condensed chromatin; 0.54 binucleated cells; and 0.02% nuclear bud. Differences were not observed between genders or environmental passive smoking, nor was any age correlation found. CONCLUSION: The assay proposed here is suitable for assessing the frequency of nuclear abnormalities from nasal cells in infants. .
OBJETIVOS: Este estudo pretendeu fornecer uma forma rápida, fácil e barata de avaliar anormalidades nucleares, como frequências de micronúcleos e gêmea, células binucleadas, cariorréticas, cariolíticas, picnóticas e com cromatina condensada, em esfregados nasais de neonatos, o que é particularmente importante para a realização de estudos genotóxicos relacionados ao ar inalado nas populações pediátricas. MÉTODOS: Foram coletadas amostras de esfregaço nasal de 40 neonatos com menos de 12 meses de idade, utilizando uma pequena escova citológica. Foram analisadas 2.000 células da amostra de cada neonato e classificadas de acordo com a frequência de anormalidades nucleares. RESULTADOS: As taxas de anormalidades nucleares encontradas neste estudo são compatíveis com os valores relatados em outros estudos de neonatos e crianças. Encontramos 0,13% de células com micronúcleos, 1,20% com cariorrexe, 0,03% com picnose, 10,85% com cariólise, 1,11% com cromatina condensada, 0,54 com células binucleadas e 0,02% com células nucleares gêmeas. Não observamos diferenças entre os gêneros, tabagismo passivo e nenhuma correlação entre idades. CONCLUSÃO: O ensaio proposto neste estudo é adequado para avaliar a frequência de anormalidades nucleares de células nasais em neonatos. .
Assuntos
Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Poluição do Ar/efeitos adversos , Núcleo Celular/genética , Dano ao DNA , Mucosa Nasal/citologia , Testes para Micronúcleos/métodos , Poluição por Fumaça de Tabaco/efeitos adversosRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: This study intends to provide a quick, easy, and inexpensive way to assess nuclear abnormalities such as micronuclei and bud frequencies; binucleated, karyorrhectic, karyolytic, pycnotic, and condensed chromatin cells in nasal scrapings of infants, which are particularly important for conducting genotoxic studies related to the inhaled atmosphere in pediatric populations. METHODS: Nasal swab samples were collected from 40 infants under 12 months of age using a small cytobrush. 2,000 cells from each infant sample were analyzed and classified according to the frequency of nuclear abnormalities. RESULTS: Rates of nuclear abnormalities found agree with values reported in other studies of neonates and children. This study found 0.13% of cells with micronuclei; 1.20% karyorrhexis; 0.03% pyknosis; 10.85% karyolysis; 1.11% condensed chromatin; 0.54 binucleated cells; and 0.02% nuclear bud. Differences were not observed between genders or environmental passive smoking, nor was any age correlation found. CONCLUSION: The assay proposed here is suitable for assessing the frequency of nuclear abnormalities from nasal cells in infants.