RESUMO

A new species of Leptophoxoides Barnard, 1962 is described with material from the continental slope of Rio Grande do Norte state, northeastern Brazil at three different depths: 150, 400 and 2,500 meters. Leptophoxoides longisetae sp. nov. can be diagnosed and distinguished from the other two species of the genus, L. molaris Barnard, 1962 and L. marina Senna, 2010, by the following characters: antenna 1 peduncular article 1 ventral apex weakly ensiform; maxilla 1 inner plate longer than outer; maxilliped palp article 3 with blunt and extremely protuberant apex; gnathopods 1-2 carpus almost cryptic; gnathopod 2 palm defined by a large and sharply produced palmar hump; pereopod 6 basis posterodistal corner produced as a blunt lobe; and telson with two dorsal long plumose setae on each side. This is the first record of the genus for northeastern Brazilian waters, uncovering a higher biodiversity in deep waters.(AU)

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RESUMO

Six new epigean freshwater species of the genus Caecidotea in Mexico are described. These species were collected in waterbodies located along the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt (TMVB) and the eastern slope of the country: Caecidotea buzwilsoni sp. nov., Caecidotea chicoensis sp. nov., Caecidotea alvarezi sp. nov., Caecidotea mintzita sp. nov., Caecidotea zacapuensis sp. nov., and one additional species Caecidotea villalobosi sp. nov. is described from the Papaloapan basin at the Atlantic Slope of Mexico. The taxonomic treatment for each species includes a detailed description, figures of characters of diagnostic importance and comments. We also provide an updated map of Caecidotea records in Mexico. This work substantially increases the number of epigean Caecidotea known to occur in Mexico to 11 species, a new total of 99 species described to North America.

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RESUMO

New records of 14 stygobiont crustacean species pertaining to six Malacostraca orders from 32 cenotes are presented, with their associated caves of the state of Yucatan, Mexico, together with an individual account for each species. Species composition of most of the investigated cenotes is examined for the first time. A thermosbaenacean and two amphipod species were not formally recorded to the cenote ecosystems of the state of Yucatan prior to our research. Distribution data of a cirolanid isopod previously known only from its type locality is also provided. Barcodes of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I for the reported peracarid species previously lacking this information have been included in present study as tools for species identification and a baseline of further molecular genetic analyses.

RESUMO

Abstract: The current study describes a new species of Hyalella found in a natural pond at the municipality of Palmeira das Missões, located in the northwestern region of state of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil. The new species differs from other species found in state of Rio Grande do Sul (Hyalella bonariensis, H. castroi, H. kaigang, H. imbya, H. georginae, H. gauchensis, H. montenegrinae and H. pampeana) in the type and number of setae on uropods, on telson and on the inner face of gnathopod 1. Besides, Hyalella palmeirensis is morphologically similar to H. curvispina, especially in the shape and number of setae of uropods. However, H. palmeirensis differs from H. curvispina in having only two simple setae on telson, the inner face of gnathopod 1 with five serrate setae and only the posterior distal margin with denticles in comb-scales, and especially by the tubular sternal gills, present on segments 3 to 7. These new records increase from 11 to 12 the number of species known from state of Rio Grande do Sul.

Resumo: O presente trabalho descreve uma nova espécie de Hyalella encontrada numa nascente no município de Palmeira das Missões, localizado na região noroeste do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, sul do Brasil. A nova espécie difere das outras espécies encontradas no estado do Rio Grande do Sul (Hyalella bonariensis, H. castroi, H. kaigang, H. imbya, H. georginae, H. gauchensis, H. montenegrinae and H. pampeana) especialmente com relação ao tipo e número de setas dos urópodos, télson e superfície ventral do gnatópodo 1. Além disto, H. palmeirensis é similar a H. curvispina, especialmente na forma e número de setas dos urópodos. Entretanto, H. palmeirensis difere de H. curvispina por possuir somente duas setas simples no télson, cinco setas serradas na superfície ventral do gnatópodo 1 e dentículos (comb-scales) somente na margem posterior do gnatópodo 1 e brânquias esternais presentes do segmento 3 ao 7. Esse novo registro aumenta para 11 o número de espécies de Hyalella conhecidas para o estado do Rio Grande do Sul.

RESUMO

Mesozoic rocks with exceptional preservation of marine arthropods are known worldwide but largely restricted to mid-high latitudes. The scarcity of assemblages with exceptional preservation in low, tropical latitudes greatly limits our understanding of the origins of several modern groups and the evolution of tropical biotas through time. Here, we report the oldest crown Cumacea, or 'comma' shrimp (Arthropoda: Eumalacostraca: Peracarida) with modern familial affinities, from a new mid-Cretaceous (95-90 Ma) Lagerstätte in tropical South America. Cumaceans have one of the poorest fossil records among marine arthropods, despite today being abundant and speciose benthic organisms associated with fine-grained sediments with high fossilization potential. Eobodotria muisca gen. et sp. nov., found in mass accumulation surfaces, preserves with detail the gut, mouth parts, thoracic legs/pereopods, pleopods, uropods bearing setae, antennal flagella and even small eyes bearing ommatidia. These features, rarely preserved in fossil crustaceans, plus the large sample size (greater than 200 individuals, 6-8 mm long), allow us to discuss phylogenetic/systematic aspects and explore possible mechanisms behind their unusual accumulation. Eobodotria bridges an approximately 165 Myr gap in the cumacean fossil record, provides a reliable calibration point for phylogenetic studies and expands our understanding of exceptional preservation in past and present tropical settings.

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RESUMO

Gammaropsis elvirae sp. nov. is described and illustrated here, as a new species of the family Photidae Boeck, 1871, occurring on sites widely distributed in the soft-sediment habitats from the Yucatan shelf, southern Gulf of Mexico. This new species differs from all other congeners by a unique set of characteristics: lateral cephalic lobes rounded; outer lobes of lower lip with one cone on each lobe; gnathopod 1 propodus longer than carpus; gnathopod 2 propodus enlarged with small convoluted processes on posterior margin and palmar angle undefined; gnathopod 2 dactylus short, less than one half in length of propodus; dense setation on basis, carpus, and propodus of gnathopod 2; epimeral plates 1-3 rounded; inner ramus of uropods 1-3 longer than outer ramus; and telson emarginated. Ecological comments on spatial distribution and associated environmental variables are included, as well an identification key to the genus in tropical America.

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RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Alacranes Reef was declared as a National Marine Park in 1994. Since then, many efforts have been made to inventory its biodiversity. However, groups such as amphipods have been underestimated or not considered when benthic invertebrates were inventoried. Here we present a dataset that contributes to the knowledge of benthic amphipods (Crustacea, Peracarida) from the inner lagoon habitats from the Alacranes Reef National Park, the largest coral reef ecosystem in the Gulf of Mexico. The dataset contains information on records collected from 2009 to 2011. Data are available through Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF). NEW INFORMATION: A total of 110 amphipod species distributed in 93 nominal species and 17 generic species, belonging to 71 genera, 33 families and three suborders are presented here. This information represents the first online dataset of amphipods from the Alacranes Reef National Park. The biological material is currently deposited in the crustacean collection from the regional unit of the National Autonomous University of Mexico located at Sisal, Yucatan, Mexico (UAS-Sisal). The biological material includes 588 data records with a total abundance of 6,551 organisms. The species inventory represents, until now, the richest fauna of benthic amphipods registered from any discrete coral reef ecosystem in Mexico.

RESUMO

The permanent freshwater discharges in sandy beaches, known as washouts, promotes changes in different spatial and temporal scales on the environmental characteristics, and consequently on macrobenthic populations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes of abundance, distribution and population structure of the isopod Tholozodium rhombofrontalis (Giambiagi, 1922) in a permanent washout. Seasonal samplings were realized in the Barrancos beach, Pontal do Paraná city, state of Paraná, southern Brazil, in three sites: on the washout (inside washout), intermediate (30 meters away from the washout), and distant (150 meters away from the washout), during four seasons of the years 2012 and 2013. The beach was morphodynamically characterized as an intermediate beach, composed of fine and well sorted sediments. At the washout site the topographic profiles were smoother and longer, and the water table shallowed and fresh. In contrast, in the distant site the profiles were steeper and shorter, and the water table deeper and saline. The intermediate site presented characteristics similar to that of the washout. There was a spatial and temporal variability in the abundance and distribution of the isopod, being the greater abundances in the intermediate and washout sites, with peaks in the spring and summer seasons. These variations were related to the presence of brackish water and high values of chlorophyll a. The juveniles proportion were the higher of all classes, and remained temporally regular, indicating a continuous recruitment. The proportions of females remained similar temporally confirming the population stability. The proportion of males was low at all sites and during all samplings; however, the low representativeness of this class did not negatively affect the establishment of the population. The ovigerous females were present in all sites and in all samplings, with highest proportions in the winter, pointing to a possible preference for a colder season for reproduction. The presence of a permanent washout provided to this beach conditions of estuarine salinities, which possibly favored the establishment of the population.(AU)

As descargas de água doce permanentes em praias arenosas, conhecidas como sangradouros, promovem alterações em diferentes escalas espaciais e temporais sobre as características ambientais, e consequentemente sobre as populações macrobentônicas. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as alterações da abundância, distribuição e estrutura populacional do isópode Tholozodium rhombofrontalis (Giambiagi, 1922) em um sangradouro permanente. Coletas sazonais foram realizadas na praia de Barrancos, cidade de Pontal do Paraná, estado do Paraná, sul do Brasil, em três locais: sangradouro (dentro do sangradouro), intermediário (a 30 m de distância do sangradouro) e distante (a 150 m de distância do sangradouro), durante as quatro estações dos anos de 2012 e 2013. A praia foi morfodinamicamente caracterizada como intermediária, composta de sedimentos finos e bem selecionados. No local sangradouro os perfis topográficos foram suaves e extensos, e o lençol freático raso e doce. Em contrapartida, no local distante os perfis foram íngremes e curtos, e o lençol freático profundo e salino. O local intermediário apresentou características similares ao do sangradouro. Houve uma variabilidade espacial e temporal na abundância e distribuição do isópode, estando as maiores abundâncias nos locais sangradouro e intermediário, com picos nas estações primavera e verão. Tais variações foram relacionadas à presença de águas salobras e altos valores de clorofila a. A proporção de juvenis foi a maior dentre todas as classes, e manteve-se regular temporalmente, indicando um recrutamento contínuo. As proporções de fêmeas mantiveram-se similares temporalmente confirmando a estabilidade da população. A proporção de machos foi baixa em todos os locais e durante todas as coletas, contudo, a baixa representatividade desta classe não afetou negativamente o estabelecimento da população. As fêmeas ovígeras estiveram presentes em todos os locais e em todas as coletas, com as maiores proporções no inverno, apontando uma possível preferência por uma estação mais fria para a reprodução. A presença de um sangradouro permanente proporcionou a esta praia condições de salinidade estuarina, o que possivelmente favoreceu o estabelecimento da população.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

The permanent freshwater discharges in sandy beaches, known as washouts, promotes changes in different spatial and temporal scales on the environmental characteristics, and consequently on macrobenthic populations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes of abundance, distribution and population structure of the isopod Tholozodium rhombofrontalis (Giambiagi, 1922) in a permanent washout. Seasonal samplings were realized in the Barrancos beach, Pontal do Paraná city, state of Paraná, southern Brazil, in three sites: on the washout (inside washout), intermediate (30 meters away from the washout), and distant (150 meters away from the washout), during four seasons of the years 2012 and 2013. The beach was morphodynamically characterized as an intermediate beach, composed of fine and well sorted sediments. At the washout site the topographic profiles were smoother and longer, and the water table shallowed and fresh. In contrast, in the distant site the profiles were steeper and shorter, and the water table deeper and saline. The intermediate site presented characteristics similar to that of the washout. There was a spatial and temporal variability in the abundance and distribution of the isopod, being the greater abundances in the intermediate and washout sites, with peaks in the spring and summer seasons. These variations were related to the presence of brackish water and high values of chlorophyll a. The juveniles proportion were the higher of all classes, and remained temporally regular, indicating a continuous recruitment. The proportions of females remained similar temporally confirming the population stability. The proportion of males was low at all sites and during all samplings; however, the low representativeness of this class did not negatively affect the establishment of the population. The ovigerous females were present in all sites and in all samplings, with highest proportions in the winter, pointing to a possible preference for a colder season for reproduction. The presence of a permanent washout provided to this beach conditions of estuarine salinities, which possibly favored the establishment of the population.

As descargas de água doce permanentes em praias arenosas, conhecidas como sangradouros, promovem alterações em diferentes escalas espaciais e temporais sobre as características ambientais, e consequentemente sobre as populações macrobentônicas. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as alterações da abundância, distribuição e estrutura populacional do isópode Tholozodium rhombofrontalis (Giambiagi, 1922) em um sangradouro permanente. Coletas sazonais foram realizadas na praia de Barrancos, cidade de Pontal do Paraná, estado do Paraná, sul do Brasil, em três locais: sangradouro (dentro do sangradouro), intermediário (a 30 m de distância do sangradouro) e distante (a 150 m de distância do sangradouro), durante as quatro estações dos anos de 2012 e 2013. A praia foi morfodinamicamente caracterizada como intermediária, composta de sedimentos finos e bem selecionados. No local sangradouro os perfis topográficos foram suaves e extensos, e o lençol freático raso e doce. Em contrapartida, no local distante os perfis foram íngremes e curtos, e o lençol freático profundo e salino. O local intermediário apresentou características similares ao do sangradouro. Houve uma variabilidade espacial e temporal na abundância e distribuição do isópode, estando as maiores abundâncias nos locais sangradouro e intermediário, com picos nas estações primavera e verão. Tais variações foram relacionadas à presença de águas salobras e altos valores de clorofila a. A proporção de juvenis foi a maior dentre todas as classes, e manteve-se regular temporalmente, indicando um recrutamento contínuo. As proporções de fêmeas mantiveram-se similares temporalmente confirmando a estabilidade da população. A proporção de machos foi baixa em todos os locais e durante todas as coletas, contudo, a baixa representatividade desta classe não afetou negativamente o estabelecimento da população. As fêmeas ovígeras estiveram presentes em todos os locais e em todas as coletas, com as maiores proporções no inverno, apontando uma possível preferência por uma estação mais fria para a reprodução. A presença de um sangradouro permanente proporcionou a esta praia condições de salinidade estuarina, o que possivelmente favoreceu o estabelecimento da população.

Assuntos

RESUMO

ABSTRACT The permanent freshwater discharges in sandy beaches, known as washouts, promotes changes in different spatial and temporal scales on the environmental characteristics, and consequently on macrobenthic populations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes of abundance, distribution and population structure of the isopod Tholozodium rhombofrontalis (Giambiagi, 1922) in a permanent washout. Seasonal samplings were realized in the Barrancos beach, Pontal do Paraná city, state of Paraná, southern Brazil, in three sites: on the washout (inside washout), intermediate (30 meters away from the washout), and distant (150 meters away from the washout), during four seasons of the years 2012 and 2013. The beach was morphodynamically characterized as an intermediate beach, composed of fine and well sorted sediments. At the washout site the topographic profiles were smoother and longer, and the water table shallowed and fresh. In contrast, in the distant site the profiles were steeper and shorter, and the water table deeper and saline. The intermediate site presented characteristics similar to that of the washout. There was a spatial and temporal variability in the abundance and distribution of the isopod, being the greater abundances in the intermediate and washout sites, with peaks in the spring and summer seasons. These variations were related to the presence of brackish water and high values of chlorophyll a. The juveniles proportion were the higher of all classes, and remained temporally regular, indicating a continuous recruitment. The proportions of females remained similar temporally confirming the population stability. The proportion of males was low at all sites and during all samplings; however, the low representativeness of this class did not negatively affect the establishment of the population. The ovigerous females were present in all sites and in all samplings, with highest proportions in the winter, pointing to a possible preference for a colder season for reproduction. The presence of a permanent washout provided to this beach conditions of estuarine salinities, which possibly favored the establishment of the population.

RESUMO As descargas de água doce permanentes em praias arenosas, conhecidas como sangradouros, promovem alterações em diferentes escalas espaciais e temporais sobre as características ambientais, e consequentemente sobre as populações macrobentônicas. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as alterações da abundância, distribuição e estrutura populacional do isópode Tholozodium rhombofrontalis (Giambiagi, 1922) em um sangradouro permanente. Coletas sazonais foram realizadas na praia de Barrancos, cidade de Pontal do Paraná, estado do Paraná, sul do Brasil, em três locais: sangradouro (dentro do sangradouro), intermediário (a 30 m de distância do sangradouro) e distante (a 150 m de distância do sangradouro), durante as quatro estações dos anos de 2012 e 2013. A praia foi morfodinamicamente caracterizada como intermediária, composta de sedimentos finos e bem selecionados. No local sangradouro os perfis topográficos foram suaves e extensos, e o lençol freático raso e doce. Em contrapartida, no local distante os perfis foram íngremes e curtos, e o lençol freático profundo e salino. O local intermediário apresentou características similares ao do sangradouro. Houve uma variabilidade espacial e temporal na abundância e distribuição do isópode, estando as maiores abundâncias nos locais sangradouro e intermediário, com picos nas estações primavera e verão. Tais variações foram relacionadas à presença de águas salobras e altos valores de clorofila a. A proporção de juvenis foi a maior dentre todas as classes, e manteve-se regular temporalmente, indicando um recrutamento contínuo. As proporções de fêmeas mantiveram-se similares temporalmente confirmando a estabilidade da população. A proporção de machos foi baixa em todos os locais e durante todas as coletas, contudo, a baixa representatividade desta classe não afetou negativamente o estabelecimento da população. As fêmeas ovígeras estiveram presentes em todos os locais e em todas as coletas, com as maiores proporções no inverno, apontando uma possível preferência por uma estação mais fria para a reprodução. A presença de um sangradouro permanente proporcionou a esta praia condições de salinidade estuarina, o que possivelmente favoreceu o estabelecimento da população.