RESUMO
Bacillary hemoglobinuria (BH) is a histotoxic infection caused by Clostridium haemolyticum that affects mostly cattle parasitized with trematodes. The aim of present study was to describe an atypical case of BH in a cow without access to flooded areas and without parasitism by Fasciola hepatica. After eight days of sternal decubitus and apathy, a Nellore cow was euthanized and necropsied. During postmortem examination, mild jaundice, black urine and multifocal lesions in the liver were observed. Histopathology revealed multifocal coagulation foci of necrosis in liver and basophilic bacillary structures, which were confirmed as C. haemolyticum by bacterial isolation, PCR and sequencing techniques. This is the first description of BH in cattle in Minas Gerais state, Brazil and highlight the need for of inclusion of BH as differential diagnosis even in animals not parasitized by trematodes.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Bovinos/parasitologia , Fasciola hepatica/patogenicidade , Hemoglobinúria/diagnóstico , BrasilRESUMO
In trinitrotoluene (TNT) purification process, realized in industries, there are two washes carried out at the end of the procedure. The first is performed with vaporized water, from which the first effluent, called yellow water, is originated. Then, a second wash is performed using sodium sulfite, generating the red water effluent. The objective of this work was to get the best conditions for photocatalytic degradation of the second effluent, red water, in order to reduce toxicity and adjust legal parameters according to regulatory agencies for dumping these effluents into waterways. It has used a statistical evaluation for factor interaction (pH, concentration) that affects heterogeneous photocatalysis with titanium dioxide (TiO2). Thus, the treatment applied in the factorial experimental design consisted of using a volume equal to 500 mL of the effluent to 0.1 % by batch treatment, which has changed TiO2 pH and concentration, according to the design, with 20 min time for evaluation, where it was used as response to the reduction of UV-Vis absorption. According to the design responses, it has obtained optimum values for the parameters evaluated: pH = 6.5 and concentration of 100 mg/L of TiO2 were shown to be efficient when applied to red water effluent, obtaining approximately 91 % of discoloration.
Assuntos
Resíduos Industriais/análise , Trinitrotolueno , Águas Residuárias/química , Poluentes Químicos da Água , Purificação da Água/métodos , Fotólise , Titânio , Trinitrotolueno/análise , Trinitrotolueno/química , Trinitrotolueno/efeitos da radiação , Poluentes Químicos da Água/análise , Poluentes Químicos da Água/química , Poluentes Químicos da Água/efeitos da radiaçãoRESUMO
The current study aims to characterize and evaluate the photocatalytic treatability of the "red water" effluent from a Brazilian TNT production industry. Analyses were performed using physical, chemical, spectroscopic and chromatographic assays, which demonstrated that the effluent presented a significant pollution potential, mainly due to COD, BOD, solids and to the high concentration of nitroaromatic compounds such as 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene, 1-methyl-2,4-dinitrobenzene, 2-methyl-1,3-dinitrobenzene, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene-3,5-dinitro-p-toluidine and 2-methyl-3,5-dinitro-benzoamine. By a modified sol-gel and a dip-coating technique, it was possible to obtain a TiO2 film on borosilicate glass substrate which functional composition and microstructure were characterized by infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The evaluation of the photocatalytic treatability using borosilicate-glass-TiO2 demonstrated high degradation efficiency. In this context, a reduction of 32 and 100% for COD and nitroaromatic compounds, respectively, was observed. Although the proposed photocatalytic process has found difficulties in reducing the content of organic matter and effluent color in the red water, its potential for degrading refractory chemical compounds such as the nitroaromatic ones enables it to be used as tertiary treatment.