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Undergraduate students are usually subjected to a routine with constant pressure, stress, circadian misalignment, and sleep irregularity that impairs their subjective well-being. Recent evidence suggests that circadian preference is also a risk factor for impaired mental health and factors related to subjective well-being. This study aimed to identify the sociodemographic factors associated with subjective well-being and describe the mediating behavioral variables. Between September 2018 and March 2021, 615 Brazilian students enrolled in higher educational institutions completed an electronic form containing questionnaires on subjective well-being, sociodemographic, and behavioral-related factors (convenience sample). A statistical mediation model was applied to describe how these variables influence subjective well-being. We observed that Morningness (p < .001), identification with the male gender (p = .010), not working while studying (p = .048), and the practice of Pilates/yoga (p = .028) were associated with greater subjective well-being. Except for employment status, no direct effects were observed, which reinforces the need to consider a multidimensional approach. The relationship between subjective well-being and sociodemographic factors exists only in the presence of behavioral mediators, specifically perceived stress, daytime sleepiness, symptoms of depression, sleep quality, and positive and negative affects. Future work should investigate in more detail the impact of sleep, stress, and circadian preferences on this relationship.

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The current outbreak of SARS-Cov-2, a virus responsible for COVID-19, has infected millions and caused a soaring death toll worldwide. Vaccination represents a powerful tool in our fight against the transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Ecuador is one of the Latin American countries most impacted by COVID-19. Despite free COVID-19 vaccines, Ecuadorians still hesitate to get vaccinated. A multivariate binary logistic regression was used to analyze data from the Ecuadorian National Institute of Statistics and Censuses. This study investigated socio-demographics, economic, and individual reasons associated with a person having "no intention" to receive COVID-19 vaccine across the study period of October 2021 to March 2022. The survey revealed an increase of unvaccinated people having no intention of COVID-19 vaccination from 57.4% (October-December 2021) to 72.9% (January-March 2022). COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy was dependent on factors like sex, age and ethnicity. Socio-economic characteristics and education level were not found to be statistically significant in lack of vaccine intention, but most vaccination hesitancy was due to distrust in the COVID-19 vaccine. People who believed that the vaccine could be unsafe because of possible side effects represented half of the surveyed participants, a proportion that barely diminished during the progress of the vaccination campaign across October-December 2021 (57.04%) and January-March 2022 (49.59%) periods. People who did not believe that the vaccine was effective enough increased from 11.47 to 18.46%. Misbeliefs about effectiveness and safety of vaccines should be considered in the implementation of public health initiatives of communication, education and intervention to improve vaccination campaigns.

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PURPOSE: We tested the hypothesis that low institutional trust would be associated with depressive symptom elevation, with attention to potential selection bias. METHODS: The District of Columbia Area Survey (DCAS) was conducted by mail in 2018. Invitations sent to 8800 households resulted in a sample of 1061 adults. Institutional trust questions referenced nonprofit organizations, businesses, and government. Depressive symptom elevation was assessed using PHQ-9. Logistic regression model estimates were compared with and without adjustment for sociodemographic characteristics and neighborhood satisfaction; among complete cases and following multiple imputation of missing covariate data; and with and without survey weights or correction for collider selection bias. RESULTS: Of 968 participants without missing depressive symptom or trust data, 24% reported low institutional trust. Low institutional trust was associated with elevated depressive symptoms (adjusted OR following multiple imputation: 2.0; 95% CI: 1.1, 3.4), although the association was attenuated with use of survey weights (adjusted OR incorporating multiple imputation and survey weights: 1.6; 95% CI: 0.7, 3.2). CONCLUSIONS: Under contrasting scenarios where low institutional trust and depressive symptoms jointly increase nonresponse, selection bias could lead to under- or overestimation of this association. Future research could explore posited selection bias scenarios that differ in direction of bias.

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Abstract: Objective: To estimate to what extent the parental transition to obesity affects the likelihood that normal-weight teenagers also transition to obesity. We depart from the hypothesis that the transition to obesity specifically among parents is the main factor affecting the development of obesity during adolescence. Materials and methods: Using two rounds of the longitudinal Mexican Family Life Survey (MxFLS) and logistic regressions, we investigated how family weight-related characteristics affected the likelihood of teenagers 13 to 18 years of age in 2002 of becoming affected by obesity after seven to ten years. Results: The results confirm that if any of the parents were affected by obesity during the teenage period, the adolescent is more likely to become affected by obesity. Conclusions: Results confirm that, different from childhood obesity, the transition of parents to obesity during the adolescence of teenagers is the most important family factor affecting such transition.

Resumen: Objetivo: Calcular en qué medida la transición hacia la obesidad, específicamente del padre o la madre, tiene un impacto en el desarrollo de obesidad entre adolescentes. Material y métodos: Se utilizaron dos rondas de la Encuesta Nacional sobre Niveles de Vida de los Hogares (ENNViH) y regresiones logísticas para investigar cómo las características de peso/talla de los miembros del hogar afectan las probabilidades de que adolescentes desarrollen obesidad. Resultados: Cuando alguno de los padres desarrolla obesidad, el o la adolescente tiene más probabilidades de hacer una transición hacia la obesidad, en comparación con los casos en los que los padres mantienen un peso/talla normales. Conclusión: Se confirma que la transición de los padres durante la adolescencia es el principal factor que tiene un impacto en el desarrollo de obesidad entre adolescentes.

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RESUMEN Fundamento: la adolescencia constituye una etapa de riesgos, durante la cual el elemento antropológico socio-cultural tiene una influencia determinante, y pueden predisponer para la adquisición de infecciones de transmisión sexual. Objetivo: determinar los factores antropológicossocio-culturales en la incidencia de infecciones de transmisión sexual en adolescentes femeninas. Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo y transversal, cuyo universo fueron las 50 pacientes con infecciones de transmisión sexual que asistieron a consulta Infanto-Juvenil del Policlínico de Especialidades Pediátricas de la provincia Camagüey, durante el período de estudio. Las variables estudiadas fueron: tipo de adolescencia según clasificación del concepto de adolescencia de la UNICEF, conducta sexual de riesgo, nivel de escolaridad de pacientes y familiares, ingreso económico familiar, composición de la familia según número de miembros, ontogénesis, generaciones y nivel de funcionamiento familiar según registro FF-SILL. La información obtenida fue procesada mediante el programa estadístico SPSS para Microsoft Excel 2017. Los métodos empleados fueron estadística descriptiva de distribución de frecuencias absolutas y relativas. Los resultados se expusieron en tablas y gráfico. Resultados: predominó la adolescencia mediana, la conducta sexual de riesgo, el nivel de escolaridad técnico medio de las pacientes y sus padres, el ingreso económico familiar bueno, la familia mediana y nuclear, trigeneracional y disfuncional. Conclusiones: los resultados del estudio evidencian la necesidad de realizar acciones psico-educativas para los adolescentes y sus familias.

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Physical activity is influenced by an interplay of time and setting, thus, the role of psychosocial factors on behavior is expected to vary across the day. This cross-sectional study identified the psychosocial correlates of time spent in physical activity during in-school (i.e., 08:00-11:59) and out-of-school (i.e., 12:00-22:00) time segments. The sample consisted of adolescents (7th to 9th grade) of two public schools in Florianópolis, Brazil. Accelerometer measured light-intensity (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) were estimated. Psychosocial correlates of physical activity (i.e., outcome expectations, attitude, self-efficacy, support from parents, and support from peers) were self-reported. Linear mixed models were applied and interaction effects of gender and age were also analyzed. From a total of 194 participants, 138 and 112 provided in-school and out-of-school valid data, respectively. Outcome expectations were associated with out-of-school MVPA (ß = 0.18; p = .006). Age interaction effects were observed for the associations between outcome expectations and out-of-school LPA (ß = 0.21; p = .009) and between self-efficacy and out-of-school MVPA (ß = 0.19; p = .009). In conclusion, psychosocial correlates were positively associated with out-of-school physical activity and the effects varied according to age. No psychosocial correlates were identified for LPA and MVPA performed during schooltime.

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Objetivo: Analizar la sinergia de la educación, prevención y promoción de la salud concebida como una construcción sociocultural mediada por las prácticas culturales que desarrollan las personas de una comunidad cubana durante los años 2013-2017. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio de caso único que combina las perspectivas cuantitativa y cualitativa de investigación, con el empleo de la observación participante, cuestionarios, entrevistas en profundidad en el escenario comunitario y la consulta a expertos, además de los procedimientos teóricos analítico-sintético, así como la inducción y deducción. Resultados: Los resultados revelan la existencia de prácticas culturales comunitarias relacionadas con la salud, en las que se produce una simbiosis de la educación, prevención y promoción de salud como elementos esenciales del proceso salud-enfermedad. Conclusiones: El contexto comunitario en que se desarrolla el proceso salud-enfermedad está mediado por prácticas culturales, lo que propicia la concepción de la salud como una construcción sociocultural inherente a la actividad humana, la cual debe garantizarse mediante la educación, prevención y promoción de salud concebidas como todo un sistema integrado.

Objective: To analyze the synergy between education, prevention and promotion of health conceived as a sociocultural construction mediated by the cultural practices developed by people of a Cuban community during the years 2013-2017. Materials and Methods: Single case study that combines the quantitative and qualitative perspectives of research with the use of participant observation, questionnaires, indepth interviews in the community setting and the consultation to experts, besides the analytic-synthetic theoretical procedures, as well as induction and deduction. Results: The results reveal the existence of community cultural practices related to health in which a symbiosis between education, prevention and promotion of health as essential elements of the health-disease process is produced. Conclusions: The community context in which the health-disease process takes place is mediated by cultural practices which favors the conception of health as an sociocultural construction inherent to the human activity, which must be guaranteed through education, prevention and promotion of health conceived as an entire integrated system.

Objetivo: Analisar a sinergia da educação, prevenção e promoção da saúde concebida como uma construção sociocultural mediada pelas práticas culturais que desenvolvem as pessoas duma comunidade cubana durante os anos 2013-2017. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo de caso único que mistura as perspectivas quantitativa e qualitativa de pesquisa, com o emprego da observação participante, questionários, entrevistas em profundidade no cenário comunitário e a consulta a expertos, além dos procedimentos teóricos analítico-sintético, assim como a indução e dedução. Resultados: Os resultados revelam a existência de práticas culturais comunitárias relacionadas com a saúde, nas que se produze uma simbioses da educação, prevenção e promoção de saúde como elementos essenciais do processo saúde- doença. Conclusões: O contexto comunitário no que se desenvolve o processo saúde-doença está mediado por práticas culturais, o que propicia a concepção da saúde como uma construção sociocultural inerente à atividade humana, a qual deve garantir-se mediante a educação, prevenção e promoção de saúde concebidas como um sistema integrado.

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Resumen Objetivo: Analizar la sinergia de la educación, prevención y promoción de la salud concebida como una construcción sociocultural mediada por las prácticas culturales que desarrollan las personas de una comunidad cubana durante los años 2013-2017. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio de caso único que combina las perspectivas cuantitativa y cualitativa de investigación, con el empleo de la observación participante, cuestionarios, entrevistas en profundidad en el escenario comunitario y la consulta a expertos, además de los procedimientos teóricos analítico-sintético, así como la inducción y deducción. Resultados: Los resultados revelan la existencia de prácticas culturales comunitarias relacionadas con la salud, en las que se produce una simbiosis de la educación, prevención y promoción de salud como elementos esenciales del proceso salud-enfermedad. Conclusiones: El contexto comunitario en que se desarrolla el proceso salud-enfermedad está mediado por prácticas culturales, lo que propicia la concepción de la salud como una construcción sociocultural inherente a la actividad humana, la cual debe garantizarse mediante la educación, prevención y promoción de salud concebidas como todo un sistema integrado.

Abstract Objective: To analyze the synergy between education, prevention and promotion of health conceived as a sociocultural construction mediated by the cultural practices developed by people of a Cuban community during the years 2013-2017. Materials and Methods: Single case study that combines the quantitative and qualitative perspectives of research with the use of participant observation, questionnaires, in- depth interviews in the community setting and the consultation to experts, besides the analytic-synthetic theoretical procedures, as well as induction and deduction. Results: The results reveal the existence of community cultural practices related to health in which a symbiosis between education, prevention and promotion of health as essential elements of the health-disease process is produced. Conclusions: The community context in which the health-disease process takes place is mediated by cultural practices which favors the conception of health as an sociocultural construction inherent to the human activity, which must be guaranteed through education, prevention and promotion of health conceived as an entire integrated system.

Resumo Objetivo: Analisar a sinergia da educação, prevenção e promoção da saúde concebida como uma construção sociocultural mediada pelas práticas culturais que desenvolvem as pessoas duma comunidade cubana durante os anos 2013-2017. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo de caso único que mistura as perspectivas quantitativa e qualitativa de pesquisa, com o emprego da observação participante, questionários, entrevistas em profundidade no cenário comunitário e a consulta a expertos, além dos procedimentos teóricos analítico-sintético, assim como a indução e dedução. Resultados: Os resultados revelam a existência de práticas culturais comunitárias relacionadas com a saúde, nas que se produze uma simbioses da educação, prevenção e promoção de saúde como elementos essenciais do processo saúde- doença. Conclusões: O contexto comunitário no que se desenvolve o processo saúde-doença está mediado por práticas culturais, o que propicia a concepção da saúde como uma construção sociocultural inerente à atividade humana, a qual deve garantir-se mediante a educação, prevenção e promoção de saúde concebidas como um sistema integrado.

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Abstract This article explores sociological consciousness, a framework of thought proposed by Peter Berger, and its potential value for occupational therapy. This article explores how Berger's four motifs (debunking, unrespectable, relativization, and cosmopolitan) of sociological consciousness can be taught as a process to help occupational therapists frame their thinking when approaching various clients and situations. The current study answers three questions: "What is sociological consciousness?", "Is sociological consciousness valuable?", and "Is sociological consciousness applicable to occupational therapy?" Wilson's method of concept analysis is used to understand this topic and its practical applications to occupational therapy. Using the Wilson method of analysis to break down the components of this concept, compare it to similar and contrary cases, and explore its social context, the findings suggest that sociological consciousness is relevant to occupational therapy and warrants inclusion in practice, research, curriculum, and continuing education. Sociological consciousness adds depth to clinical reasoning and promotes critical thinking and reflection on implicit biases which may negatively influence therapeutic interactions with clients.

Resumo Este artigo explora a consciência sociológica, um quadro de pensamentos proposto por Peter Berger e seu potencial valor para a terapia ocupacional. Este artigo explora como os quatro motivos de Berger de consciência social (desmembramento, desrespeitabilidade, relativização e cosmopolitismo) podem ser ensinados como um processo de apoio aos terapeutas ocupacionais no processo de racionalização da interação com diversos pacientes e situações. O presente estudo responde a três perguntas: "O que é consciência sociológica?", "A consciência sociológica tem valor?" e "A consciência sociológica é aplicável à terapia ocupacional?" A análise conceitual do método de Wilson é utilizada para entender este tópico e suas aplicações práticas à terapia ocupacional. Utilizando o método de análise de Wilson para destrinchar os componentes deste conceito, os resultados sugerem que a consciência sociológica é relevante para a terapia ocupacional e garante inclusão na prática, pesquisa, curriculum e educação continuada. A consciência sociológica agrega profundidade à análise clínica e promove o pensamento crítico e reflexões em desvios implícitos que podem influenciar negativamente as interações terapêuticas com os pacientes.

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Resumo A necessidade de reformular sistemas alimentares é uma constante nos debates das Políticas de Alimentação e Nutrição em todo o mundo. A ciência da Nutrição, nesse cenário, tem a oportunidade de avaliar sua abordagem hegemônica, ligada ao paradigma biológico, visando a um maior engajamento político nas questões que fragilizam seu sistema alimentar. Buscou-se, com este trabalho, demonstrar como o processo histórico e social de construção do sistema alimentar brasileiro relaciona-se com falhas de segurança alimentar e nutricional atuais. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa, que tomou como perspectiva de método a geografia literária. O território brasileiro foi dividido em sete manchas culinárias, porções do território que constituem regiões para o estudo social da alimentação. Compuseram seu corpus 27 trabalhos literários, de 20 escritores brasileiros, coletados e analisados com o apoio das dimensões conceituais definidas no estudo: espaços narrativos e objetos culinários. O mau uso da terra, a comoditização da comida e a oferta indiscriminada de alimentos industrializados foram listadas como as principais falhas no sistema alimentar analisado. A abordagem das Ciências Humanas e Sociais pode oferecer importante contribuição à Nutrição para maior protagonismo em problemas do sistema alimentar relacionados com aspectos socioculturais.

Abstract The need to reformulate food systems is a constant in the debates of Food and Nutrition Policies worldwide. The science of Nutrition, in this scenario, has the opportunity to evaluate its hegemonic approach, linked to the biological paradigm, aiming at a greater political engagement in issues that weaken its food system. This work aimed to demonstrate how the historical and social process of construction of the Brazilian food system is related to current food and nutritional security deficiencies. This is qualitative research, which took as a method perspective the literary geography. The Brazilian territory was divided into seven culinary spots, portions of the territory that form regions for the social study of food. Their corpus consisted of 27 literary works, from 20 Brazilian writers, collected and analyzed with the support of the conceptual dimensions defined in the study: narrative spaces and culinary objects. The misuse of land, the commoditization of food and the indiscriminate supply of industrialized food were listed as the main flaws in the food system analyzed. The Humanities and Social Sciences approach can offer an important contribution to Nutrition in order to play a greater role in food system problems related to socio-cultural aspects.

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