RESUMO
O uso do jogador de quadra adicional (JQA) no handebol sofreu implicações após mudanças regulamentares (2016). Os estudos envolvem a eficácia do JQA em competições, mas poucos esforços têm sido envidados para investigar motivos e expectativas dos treinadores para a sua utilização. Este estudo analisou as razões pelas quais os treinadores optam por utilizarem o JQA e as consequências em situações distintas do jogo. Sete treinadores de equipes adultas que qualificaram suas equipes entre as quatro melhores (Liga Nacional) foram entrevistados (entrevista semiestruturada). A análise temática reflexiva foi utilizada para a identificação dos temas e discussão. Os resultados revelaram dois subtemas: a utilização do JQA para produzir superioridade numérica ofensiva e as características e riscos do JQA para mitigar a inferioridade numérica. Comportamentos pertinentes ao jogo sem goleiro em superioridade numérica ou para aproximar a relação numérica foram percebidos e permitem refletir sobre avaliação e adaptação de modelos de jogo.
The use of the additional court player (ACP) in handball underwent implications after regulatory changes in 2016. Studies have examined the effectiveness of ACP in competitions, but few efforts have been made to investigate coaches' reasons and expectations for its use. This study analyzed why coaches choose to use the ACP and the consequences in different game situations. Seven coaches of adult teams that qualified their teams among the top four (National League) were interviewed (semi-structured interview). Reflexive thematic analysis was used for theme identification and discussion. The results revealed two subthemes: the use of ACP to reach offensive numerical superiority and the characteristics and risks of ACP to mitigate numerical inferiority. Behaviors relevant to the game without a goalkeeper in numerical superiority or to close the numerical gap were perceived, allowing reflection on game model assessment and adaptation.
El uso del jugador de campo adicional (JCA) en el balonmano sufrió implicaciones después de cambios regulatorios (2016). Los estudios han examinado la eficacia del JCA en competiciones, pero pocos esfuerzos se han hecho para investigar las razones y expectativas de los entrenadores para su uso. Este estudio analizó por qué los entrenadores utilizan al JCA y las consecuencias en diferentes situaciones de juego. Se entrevistó (semiestructurada) a siete entrenadores de equipos adultos que clasificaron a sus equipos entre los cuatro mejores (Liga Nacional). Se utilizó el análisis temático reflexivo para la identificación y discusión de temas. Los resultados revelaron dos subtemas: el uso del JCA para crear superioridad numérica ofensiva y las características y riesgos del JCA para mitigar la inferioridad numérica. Se percibieron comportamientos relevantes para el JCA en superioridad numérica o para cerrar la asimetría numérica, lo que permite la reflexión sobre la evaluación y adaptación del modelo de juego.
RESUMO
En la especialidad de oftalmología, la profesionalización constituye una exigencia, atendiendo al principio humanista de la atención al paciente, sustentada en el perfeccionamiento continuo de saberes y habilidades que garanticen su calidad de vida y bienestar social, así como en el análisis del proceso de capacitación profesional en promoción de salud y prevención de las enfermedades que causan discapacidad visual. En tal sentido, en este artículo se argumenta la pertinencia de la implementación de una estrategia de profesionalización sobre discapacidad visual para los especialistas en oftalmología, la cual resulta coherente con la educación permanente y continuada, pues contribuye al mejoramiento del desempeño profesional en la atención integral a los pacientes aquejados por este problema de salud.
In the ophthalmology specialty, professionalization constitutes a demand, taking into account the humanist principle of the patient care, sustained in the continuous improvement of knowledge and abilities that guarantee his life quality and social well-being, as well as in the analysis of the process of professional training in health promotion and prevention of the diseases that cause visual disability. In such a sense, the relevancy of a professionalization strategy implementation on visual disability for the specialists in ophthalmology is argued in this work, which is coherent with the permanent and continuous education, because it contributes to the improvement of the professional performance in the comprehensive care to the patients that are suffering due to this health problem.
Assuntos
Oftalmologia , Capacitação Profissional , Competência Profissional , Transtornos da Visão , Educação Continuada/métodosRESUMO
El vertiginoso desarrollo científico - tecnológico de la oftalmología requiere de una actualización sistemática desde el punto de vista teórico - práctico. A tales efectos, se diseñó una estrategia de superación para el mejoramiento del desempeño profesional de los oftalmólogos de la Atención Primaria de Salud dirigida a la atención integral de los pacientes con oclusiones vasculares retinianas. Se emplearon métodos de los niveles teórico y empírico. Fue diseñada en 4 etapas y se utilizó el ciclo Deming como referente metodológico. Se establecieron relaciones esenciales que ofrecen coherencia lógica interna a la educación médica en su concepción como ciencia en construcción, en particular en el área de la formación permanente y continuada de los profesionales de la salud, al profundizar en el orden conceptual, metodológico y epistemológico en los procesos de desempeño profesional y superación.
The fast scientific and technological development of Ophthalmology requires a systematic updating from the theoretical and practical points of view. To such effects, a training strategy was designed for the improvement of professional performance of the primary care ophthalmologists directed to the comprehensive care of patients with retinal vascular occlusions. Empiric and theoretical level methods were used. The strategy was designed in 4 stages and the Deming cycle was implemented as methodological referent. Essential relationships were established which offer internal logical coherence to the Medical Education in its conception as science, particularly in the area of permanent and continued training of the health professionals, as there is a deepening in the conceptual, methodological and epistemological order in the processes of professional and training performance.
Assuntos
Competência Profissional , Oclusão da Veia Retiniana/diagnóstico , Oftalmologistas/educação , Atenção Primária à Saúde , Educação MédicaRESUMO
Se realizó una estrategia capacitante en 40 pacientes hipertensos, pertenecientes al área de salud del Policlínico Docente Municipal de Santiago de Cuba, de enero a diciembre de 2014, quienes cumplían los criterios de inclusión y exclusión elaborados a tal efecto, con vistas a evaluar los fundamentales resultados obtenidos con la aplicación de dicha estrategia, la cual fue estructurada en 3 etapas de trabajo: la diagnóstica, la de aplicación y la evaluativa. Se destacó la favorable variación de los aspectos cognocitivos impartidos, sobre todo de aquellos relacionados con el estilo de vida y el control de la presión arterial; por lo que se recomendó mantener la estrategia y evaluar nuevamente su impacto dentro de 2 años.
A training strategy in 40 patients with hypertension, belonging to the health area of the Municipal Teaching Polyclinic in Santiago de Cuba, was carried out from January to December, 2014, who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria elaborated to such an effect, aimed at evaluating the fundamental results obtained with the implementation of this strategy, which was structured in 3 work stages: diagnostic, implementation and evaluative stages. The favorable variation of the cognitive aspects imparted was remarkable, mainly of those related to the lifestyle and the blood pressure control; reason why it was recommended to maintain the strategy and to evaluate its impact again within 2 years.
Assuntos
Atenção Primária à Saúde , HipertensãoRESUMO
Analysis using Artificial Neural Networks has been described as an approach in the decision-making process that, although incipient, has been reported as presenting high potential for use in animal and plant breeding. In this study, we introduce the procedure of using the expanded data set for training the network. Wealso proposed using statistical parameters to estimate the breeding value of genotypes in simulated scenarios, in addition to the mean phenotypic value in a feed-forward back propagation multilayer perceptron network. After evaluating artificial neural network configurations, our results showed its superiority to estimates based on linear models, as well as its applicability in the genetic value prediction process. The results further indicated the good generalization performance of the neural network model in several additional validation experiments.
Assuntos
Melhoramento Vegetal/métodos , Moldes Genéticos , Redes Neurais de Computação , Simulação por ComputadorRESUMO
Analysis using Artificial Neural Networks has been described as an approach in the decision-making process that, although incipient, has been reported as presenting high potential for use in animal and plant breeding. In this study, we introduce the procedure of using the expanded data set for training the network. Wealso proposed using statistical parameters to estimate the breeding value of genotypes in simulated scenarios, in addition to the mean phenotypic value in a feed-forward back propagation multilayer perceptron network. After evaluating artificial neural network configurations, our results showed its superiority to estimates based on linear models, as well as its applicability in the genetic value prediction process. The results further indicated the good generalization performance of the neural network model in several additional validation experiments.(AU)