RESUMO

Introducción: Durante el desarrollo embriológico, el espacio retrorrectal o presacro está ocupado por células pluripotenciales y, por tanto, puede contener un grupo heterogéneo de tumores. El quiste dermoide es una entidad muy rara dentro de este grupo de tumores. Descripción de caso: femenina de 36 años de edad, con sensación de pesadez en hipogastrio, dolor en sedestación, y cambios en patrón evacuatorio; se realizó palpación abdominal, tacto rectal positivo para masa blanda dolorosa; eco endoanal y resonancia evidenciaron lesión ocupante de espacio presacro. Se realizó exéresis completa vía abdominal, con diagnóstico histopatológico definitivo de quiste dermoide. Discusión: un tumor presacro involucra un reto diagnóstico y terapéutico debido a la gran variedad de diagnósticos diferenciales. En el presente caso se diagnosticó un quiste dermoide, tumor benigno, fuera de su localización habitual. Conclusión: los tumores retrorrectales son lesiones poco habituales, es necesaria la exéresis completa y su posterior estudio histopatológico, para establecer su naturaleza. (AU)

Introduction: During embryological development, the retrorectal or presacral space is occupiedby pluripotent cells and, therefore, may contain a heterogeneous group of tumors. The dermoid cyst is a very rare entity within this group of tumors. Materials and methods: We present a case of a 36-year-old female patient with a sensation of heaviness inthe hypogastrium. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed in which presacral tumor was evident. Results: complete abdominal excision was performed, with a definitive histopathological diagnosis of dermoid cyst. Discussion: a presacral tumor involves a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge due to the great variety of differential diagnoses. The present case was diagnosed with a dermoid cyst, a benign tumor, outside its usual location. Conclusion: Retrorectal tumors are rare tumors, in which complete excision and histopathological report are necessary. (AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

O cisto epidermóide (CE) é uma má formação cística de desenvolvimento incomum. Ocorre mais comumente na linha média do assoalho da boca, ocasionalmente localiza-se lateralmente ou em outros sítios. A etiologia do CE ainda é incerta, mas acredita-se que esteja associado a remanentes do ectoderma durante a fusão do primeiro e segundo arcos branquiais. A lesão cresce lentamente sem provocar dor, apresentando-se como massa de consistência semelhante à de borracha ou à massa de pão. Seu diagnóstico se dá por meio de exame clínico e exames complementares de imagem como tomografia computadorizada, ressonância magnética e/ou ultrassonografia, entretanto somente com o exame histopatológico é possível um diagnóstico definitivo. A excisão cirúrgica do cisto é o tratamento de escolha. Quando o diagnóstico é precoce e a intervenção correta, o índice de recidiva torna-se raro. Diante da raridade de casos na região maxilo facial e a dificuldade relacionada ao diagnóstico, o presente trabalho tem como objetivos descrever a ocorrência do cisto epidermóide bem como seu diagnóstico através de exame histopatológico/exames de imagem, tratamento cirúrgico e contribuir com a literatura já existente por meio de um relato de caso que foi diagnosticado no Serviço de Patologia Bucal da Universidade de Gurupi, campus Gurupi/TO.

Epidermoid cysts (EC) is an unusually developing cystic malformation that occurs most frequently in the midline of the floor of the mouth, occasionally located laterally or elsewhere. The etiology of the (EC) still uncertain, but it is believed to be associated with remnants of the ectoderm during the fusion of the first and second branchial arches. The lesion grows slowly without causing pain, presenting itself as a mass with a consistency like of rubber or bread dough. Diagnosis of (EC) is made through complementary imaging tests such as computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and/or ultrasound, only histopathological examination it is possible to obtain a definitive diagnosis. Surgical excision of cyst is the treatment of choice. When the diagnosis is made early and the intervention is correct, the recurrence rate is rare. Given the rarity of cases in the maxillofacial region and the difficulty related to diagnosis, this study aims to describe epidermoid cysts occurrence and your diagnostic through of histopathologic/imagine exams, surgical treatment and contribute to the existing literature, through a review and description of a clinical case that was diagnosed at the Oral Pathology Outpatient Clinic at the Faculty of Dentistry - University of Gurupi - UNIRG. Gurupi -Tocantins. Brazil.

El quiste epidermoide (CE) es una malformación quística de desarrollo infrecuente. Ocurre más comúnmente en la línea media del piso de la boca, ocasionalmente se localiza lateralmente o en otra parte. La etiología de la FB aún es incierta, pero se cree que está asociada con restos del ectodermo durante la fusión del primer y segundo arcos branquiales. La lesión crece lentamente sin causar dolor, apareciendo como una masa con una consistencia similar a la de la goma o la masa de pan. Su diagnóstico se realiza a través del examen clínico y pruebas de imagen complementarias como tomografía computarizada, resonancia magnética y/o ultrasonografía, sin embargo, solo con el examen histopatológico es posible un diagnóstico defi nitivo. La escisión quirúrgica del quiste es el tratamiento de elección. Cuando el diagnóstico es temprano y la intervención es correcta, la tasa de recurrencia se vuelve rara. Dada la rareza de los casos en la región maxilofacial y la difi cultad relacionada con el diagnóstico, el presente trabajo tiene como objetivo describir la ocurrencia del quiste epidermoide así como su diagnóstico a través del examen histopatológico/pruebas de imagen, tratamiento quirúrgico y contribuir a la literatura existente a través de un reporte de caso que fue diagnosticado en el Servicio de Patología Oral de la Universidad de Gurupi, campus Gurupi/TO.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Mature cystic teratomas, also called dermoid cysts, are the most common germ-cell ovarian neoplasms in children. On average, ovarian dermoid cysts are slow-growing neoplasms with a mean size between 6.4 and 7.0 cm that enlarge at a rate of 1.8 mm/year; however, these can reach large dimensions. Giant ovarian tumors are defined as those having a maximum diameter equal to or more than 15 cm; these represent a therapeutic challenge as they increase the risk of wide wound size and surgical invasiveness. In this paper, we present a case of a 10-year-old Hispanic female that complained of abdominal pain, distension, and nausea. Physical examination revealed a mass on the left side of the abdomen and an axial computed tomography found a large pelvic tumor extending to the abdominal region. After a laparotomy approach, pathology evaluation confirmed the diagnosis of mature cystic teratoma. The patient recovered thoroughly and had no complications at a 6-month follow-up. We conducted a literature review including English and Spanish reports about giant ovarian teratomas; we retrieved 16 cases from 2003 to 2023. We concluded that giant ovarian tumors may be underreported, particularly in resource-limited areas where tumors might grow unrecognized, and that English-language bias might play a substantial role in literature reviews involving case reports and case series.

Assuntos

RESUMO

High-resolution ultrasound (HRUS) is an important diagnostic method in dermatology, especially in pediatric population. The most common type of cutaneous cysts in children corresponds to cysts with stratified squamous epithelium (CSSE). The objective is to present the different ultrasonographic appearance of histologically proven CSSE in a retrospective review. Epidermoid, milium, trichilemmal, dermoid, and pilonidal cyst and steatocystomas are included. Utility of HRUS in diagnosis of cutaneous lesions is well established. It is important to know-and stay updated-about the wide spectrum of ultrasonographic appearance of CSSE in order to avoid misleading diagnoses.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Cistos dermoides são considerados uma má formação cística que apresentam comportamento benigno e são raros na região de cabeça e pescoço. São descritos como um cisto de desenvolvimento que contém anexos da derme como glândulas sudoríparas, glândulas sebáceas e folículos pilosos revestidos por epitélio escamoso estratificado. Ocorrem com maior frequência na linha média do assoalho da boca. O objetivo do estudo é descrever um caso clínico de paciente do sexo feminino portadora de cisto dermoide em assolho bucal, descrever os achados clínicos, imagiológicos, anatomopatológicas, bem como os tempos cirúrgicos da abordagem e apresentar a evolução pós operatória do caso. A paciente referiu aumento de volume em assoalho de boca, com piora progressiva. Relatou disfagia, dislalia, odinofagia e dispneia com evolução para desconforto respiratório e ronco ocasional. O tratamento foi realizado em procedimento cirúrgico com acesso intraoral seguido de exérese completa da lesão. O exame anatomopatológico revelou cavidade cística revestida por epitélio estratificado pavimentoso hiperortoceratinizado. Cápsula era constituída de tecido conjuntivo fibroso, vascularizado, com coleções de células inflamatórias mononucleares e presença de glândulas sebáceas e fibras musculares esqueléticas. Grande quantidade de ceratina no formato de filamentos, também observado no lúmen da lesão. O anatomopatológico confirmou o diagnóstico de cisto dermoide.

Dermoid cysts are considered a cystic malformation that show benign and rare in the head and neck region. They are described as a developmental cyst that contains appendages of the dermis such as sweat glands, sebaceous glands and hair follicles covered by stratified squamous epithelium. They occur more frequently in the midline of the floor of the mouth. The aim of the study is to describe a clinical case of a female patient with a dermoid cyst in oral cavity, describe the clinical, imaging, anatomopathological findings, as well as the surgical times of the approach and present the postoperative evolution of the case. The patient reported an increase in volume on the floor of the mouth, with progressive worsening. She reported dysphagia, dyslalia, odynophagia and dyspnea with progression to respiratory distress and snoring. The treatment was performed in a surgical procedure with intraoral approach followed by complete excision of the lesion. The histopathological examination revealed a cystic cavity covered by a stratified hyperortoceratinized stratified epithelium. Capsule consisted of fibrous, vascularized connective tissue, with collections of mononuclear inflammatory cells and the presence of sebaceous glands and skeletal muscle fibers. Large amount of keratin in the form of filaments, also observed in the lumen of the lesion. The histopathology diagnosis was dermoid cyst.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Abstract Dermoid cysts (DCs) and epidermoid cysts (ECs) are uncommon developmental cysts affecting the oral cavity. This study aims to evaluate patients with oral DCs and ECs and their demographic and clinicopathologic features. A retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study was performed. A total of 105,077 biopsy records of oral and maxillofacial lesions from seven Brazilian oral pathology centers were analyzed. All cases diagnosed as oral DCs and ECs were reviewed, and clinical, demographic, and histopathological data were collected. The series comprised 32 DCs (31.4%) and 70 ECs (68.6%). Most of the DCs occurred on the floor of the mouth (n = 14; 45.2%) of women (n = 17; 53.1%) with a mean age of 34.6 ± 21.6 years. All DCs were lined partially or entirely by stratified squamous epithelium (100%). Chronic inflammatory cells, melanin pigmentation, multinucleated giant cell reaction, and cholesterol clefts were observed in the fibrous capsule . Most of the ECs affected the labial mucosa (n = 20; 31.7%) of men (n = 39; 56.5%) with a mean age of 48.0±19.8 years. Microscopically, most ECs (n = 68; 97.1%) were lined entirely by stratified squamous epithelium. Two cysts (2.9%) showed areas of respiratory metaplasia. Chronic inflammatory cells, melanin pigmentation, multinucleated giant cell reaction, and cholesterol clefts were also observed in the fibrous capsule. Conservative surgical excision was the treatment of choice in all cases. Oral DCs and ECs are uncommon and often clinically misdiagnosed lesions. Clinicians should consider DCs and ECs in the differential diagnosis of soft tissue lesions in the oral cavity, mainly located on the floor of the mouth and labial mucosa.

RESUMO

Los quistes constituyen una cavidad patológica revestida por una pared de tejido conectivo definida y con un tapiz epitelial. Se tuvo como objetivo determinar la correlación de los diagnósticos clínico y citológico en los quistes congénitos Cervicofaciales. Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo de los pacientes con diagnóstico clínico, citológico y/o histológico de quiste tirogloso, branquial y demodé, atendidos en el hospital Universitario Carlos Manuel de Céspedes de Bayamo, durante cinco años. Se calculó la sensibilidad, especificidad y seguridad del diagnóstico clínico y la biopsia por aspiración con aguja fina (FNAC) para cada quiste. El diagnóstico clínico fue de 93,3%, 60,0% y el 100,0 % para los quistes tirogloso branquial y dermoide respectivamente. Encontramos mayor tendencia al error clínico en los quistes branquiales, donde las confusiones más frecuentes se presentan con linfoadenopatías inflamatorias. El diagnóstico por aspiración con aguja fina fue de 93.3% y el 60% para los quistes tirogloso y branquial respectivamente. Se concluyó que el diagnóstico clínico no es suficiente en ocasiones, por lo que es preciso recurrir a medios diagnósticos complementarios, como la biopsia por aspiración con aguja fina; sin embargo esta prueba no es 100% segura.

Cysts constitute a pathological cavity lined by a defined connective tissue wall and with an epithelial tapestry. The objective was to determine the correlation of clinical and cytological diagnoses in congenital cervicofacial cysts. A retrospective study of patients with clinical, cytological and/or histological diagnosis of thyroglossal, branchial and demodé cysts, attended at the Carlos Manuel de Céspedes University Hospital in Bayamo, for five years, was conducted. We calculated the sensitivity, specificity and safety of clinical diagnosis and fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAC) for each cyst. The clinical diagnosis was 93.3%, 60.0% and 100.0% for branchial thyroglossal and dermoid cysts respectively. We found a greater tendency to clinical error in branchial cysts, where the most frequent confusions occur with inflammatory lymphadenopathy. The diagnosis by fine needle aspiration was 93.3% and 60% for thyroglossal and branchial cysts respectively. It was concluded that clinical diagnosis is sometimes not sufficient, so it is necessary to resort to complementary diagnostic means, such as fine needle aspiration biopsy; However, this test is not 100% safe.

Os cistos constituem uma cavidade patológica revestida por uma parede de tecido conjuntivo definida e com uma tapeçaria epitelial. O objetivo foi determinar a correlação dos diagnósticos clínicos e citológicos em cistos cervicofaciais. Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo de pacientes com diagnóstico clínico, citológico e/ou histológico de cistos tireoglossos, branquiais e demodé, atendidos no Hospital Universitário Carlos Manuel de Céspedes, em Bayamo, por cinco anos. Foram calculadas a sensibilidade, especificidade e segurança do diagnóstico clínico e da punção aspirativa por agulha fina (PAAF) para cada cisto. O diagnóstico clínico foi de 93,3%, 60,0% e 100,0% para cistos branquiais tireoglosso e dermóide, respectivamente. Encontramos maior tendência ao erro clínico nos cistos branquiais, onde as confusões mais frequentes ocorrem com linfadenopatia inflamatória. O diagnóstico por punção aspirativa por agulha fina foi de 93,3% e 60% para cistos tireoglossos e branquiais, respectivamente. Concluiu-se que o diagnóstico clínico às vezes não é suficiente, sendo necessário recorrer a meios diagnósticos complementares, como a punção aspirativa por agulha fina; No entanto, este teste não é 100% seguro.

Assuntos