RESUMO
The current study used the McGill Illness Narrative Interview (MINI) to explore patients' (n = 6) and caregivers' (n = 3) narratives about how they identified and sought care for psychosis. Participants were recruited from an outpatient clinic at the Hospital Psiquiátrico Dr. Rafael Serrano, a public psychiatric hospital in Puebla, Mexico. All participants consented to complete semi-structured interviews in Spanish. Thematic analyses were used to inductively identify common themes in participants' narratives. The results indicated that during the initial symptom onset, most participants noticed the presence of hallucinations but did not seek help for this hallmark symptom. Participants described seeking care only when they or their ill relative exhibited escalating aggressive behaviors or physical symptoms that were interpreted as common medical problems. As participants became connected to specialty mental health services, they began to develop a conceptualization of psychosis as a disorder of aggression. For some participants, this conceptualization of psychosis as an illness of aggression contributed to their ambivalence about the diagnosis. These results can be understood using a cultural scripts framework, which suggests that cultural norms are influenced by collective understandings of normalcy and valorization of behaviors. Implications for community campaigns are discussed.
RESUMO
Resumo Este artigo apresenta o processo de tradução e adaptação cultural para o português da McGill Illness Narrative Interview – MINI, um modelo de entrevista para a pesquisa dos sentidos e dos modos de narrar a experiência do adoecimento, testada, no contexto brasileiro, para os problemas psiquiátricos e os relacionados ao câncer. Foram realizadas duas traduções e respectivas retraduções, avaliada a equivalência semântica, elaboradas versões síntese e final e dois pré-testes nas populações-alvo (pessoas com alucinações auditivas verbais ou câncer de mama). Foi observado um grau elevado de equivalência semântica entre o instrumento original e os pares de tradução-retradução e da perspectiva dos significados referencial e geral. A equivalência semântica e operacional das modificações propostas foram confirmadas nos pré-testes. Disponibilizou-se para o contexto brasileiro a primeira adaptação de um modelo de entrevista que possibilita a produção de narrativas sobre a experiência de adoecimento.
Abstract This paper presents the process of translation and cultural adaptation into Portuguese of the McGill Illness Narrative Interview – MINI, an interview protocol that is used to research meanings and modes of narrating illness experiences, tested, in the Brazilian context, for psychiatric and cancer-related problems. Two translations and their respective back-translations were developed. In addition, semantic equivalence was evaluated, a synthesis version and a final version were prepared, and two pre-tests were administered to the target populations (people with auditory verbal hallucinations or breast cancer). A high degree of semantic equivalence was found between the original instrument and the translation/back-translation pairs, and also in the perspective of referential and general meanings. The semantic and operational equivalence of the proposed modifications was confirmed in the pre-tests. Therefore, the first adaptation of an interview protocol that elicits the production of narratives about illness experiences has been provided for the Brazilian context.