RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: This article aimed to describe the common imaging features of subungual glomus tumors. METHODS: The study involved data collected between January 2019 and December 2022. Twenty-three patients with a total of 31 glomus tumors underwent high-frequency ultrasound examinations with a 24-MHz probe. Two experienced radiologists independently evaluated the images, and only data from the more experienced radiologist were used for subsequent analyses. RESULTS: The average size of the tumors was 4.6 mm, and most of them appeared homogeneously hypoechogenic (90.3%). Bone remodeling of the distal phalanx was observed in 87.1% of cases, with an average axial circumference loss of 0.8 mm, indicating the slow and expansive growth of glomus tumors. Intense vascularization was found in 54.8% of cases on Doppler images, and the stalk sign, reflecting the vascular origin of the tumor, was present in 64.5% of cases. The most common clinical feature was pain, reported in 84.6% of cases, with a mean pain scale score of 7.0, indicating a negative impact on patients' lives despite being benign tumors. CONCLUSION: The study concludes that ultrasound evaluation is highly useful for diagnosing glomus tumors, especially when multiple findings, such as bone remodeling, hypervascularization, and the stalk sign, are present. This method allows for accurate diagnosis, observation of periungual structures, and proper surgical planning, ultimately reducing recurrence rates.
Assuntos
Tumor Glômico , Doenças da Unha , Neoplasias Cutâneas , Humanos , Tumor Glômico/cirurgia , Doenças da Unha/cirurgia , Ultrassonografia , DorRESUMO
What points to consider when selecting a device for practicing dermatologic ultrasound is an excellent question. After we met the requisites published in the guidelines for practicing dermatologic ultrasound, it is necessary to consider the main objective of the use because it is not the same to be focused mostly on the avoidance of the puncture of important facial vessels such as the case of injectors of cosmetic fillers in comparison to the use of operators that need to deal with the diagnosis and monitoring of a wide range of dermatologic pathologies. Currently, a broad variety of ultrasound devices meets the minimum requirements for practicing these examinations in the market. Thus, small, portable, and high-end devices may present advantages and limitations that must be balanced according to the primary purposes and the budget. Moreover, the shape and footprint of the probes can make difficult or facilitate a dermatologic procedure. Other points to consider are the type of storage and the need for technical service. In summary, there are key points that we need to consider when we select a dermatologic ultrasound device in dermatology or aesthetics.
Assuntos
Ultrassonografia , Humanos , InjeçõesRESUMO
Chronic exposure to trauma, friction, or extreme conditions can generate cutaneous or ungual lesions in sports and certain occupations. Although some of these dermatologic conditions are diagnosed with a naked-eye examination, there are cases in which the provision of the underlying anatomic alterations can be helpful for the diagnosis and management. In comparison with computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound has the highest axial resolution, which is critical for the observation of anatomic changes in the skin and nail. We review the ultrasound characteristics of frequent cutaneous and ungual lesions related to sports and occupations with a clinical correlation. The ultrasound features in some particular conditions such as "biker's and surfer's panniculitis," "fiddler's neck," piezogenic papules, and lipoatrophy semicircularis, among others, are discussed.
Assuntos
Dermatologia , Dermatopatias , Esportes , Humanos , Pele/diagnóstico por imagem , Dermatopatias/diagnóstico por imagem , UltrassonografiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To assess the main characteristics of retronychia on ultrasonography (US) and to propose US criteria for diagnosing unilateral and bilateral cases according to the digit. METHODS: We conducted a case-control study with retrospective, descriptive, and statistical analyses of the US images of 210 nails: 43 with retronychia and 167 normal nails. The Student t test, Fisher exact test, and Kruskal-Wallis test, among other tests, were performed. P < .05 was considered significant. RESULTS: Seventy percent of the patients were females, and the most affected digit was the big toe. Significant US diagnostic criteria were as follows: criterion 1, hypoechoic halo surrounding the origin of the nail plate; criterion 2, distance between the origin of the nail plate and the base of the distal phalanx of 5.1 mm or less in big toes and thumbs and/or a difference of 0.5 mm of this distance or greater between the affected nail and the contralateral healthy nail; and criterion 3, proximal nail fold thickness of 2.2 mm or greater for male patients or 1.9 mm or greater for female patients and/or a proximal nail fold 0.3 mm thicker or greater in comparison with the contralateral healthy nail. Cutoff points, sensitivity, and specificity with a 95% confidence interval were defined for each criterion according to the digit in cases with unilateral and bilateral involvement. CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasonography can support the diagnosis of retronychia in unilateral and bilateral cases.
Assuntos
Doenças da Unha/diagnóstico por imagem , Unhas/diagnóstico por imagem , Ultrassonografia/métodos , Adulto , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
Dermatologic conditions may be the subjects of potential emergency consultations, and the knowledge of their sonographic appearance can facilitate an early diagnosis and management. In this pictorial essay, the sonographic dermatologic anatomy, technique, and conditions that can be supported by a prompt sonographic diagnosis are reviewed. The sonographic signs that may help diagnose these entities are discussed with a practical approach.
Assuntos
Emergências , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência , Dermatopatias/diagnóstico por imagem , Pele/diagnóstico por imagem , Ultrassonografia/métodos , Humanos , Dermatopatias/terapiaRESUMO
El uso de la ecografía Doppler color en dermatología ha traspasado la etapa experimental alcanzando la práctica diaria dermatológica. Su utilización abarca una gran variedad de patologías, lo que incluye frecuentes tumores benignos y malignos, enfermedades inflamatorias, el estudio de la uña y el pelo entre muchas otras aplicaciones. Esta técnica por imágenes no invasiva requiere de equipamiento especial y operadores entrenados, estando sus ventajas y limitaciones ya descritas en la literatura. Su utilización también permite discriminar las patologías de origen dermatológico de frecuentes simuladores de enfermedades dermatológicas. La información anatómica detallada descrita por esta técnica no es posible deducir por la mera inspección visual de un clínico, por lo este método por imágenes permitiría ayudar a realizar diagnósticos más precoces y precisos.
The usage of Color Doppler ultrasound in dermatology has surpassed the experimental phase and has been included in the daily dermatologic practice. There is a wide range of applications of this imaging technique such as benign and malignant tumors, inflammatory diseases as well as the study of the nail and the scalp, among others. It requires special ultrasound equipment and trained operators, being their advantages and limitations already described in literature. The detailed anatomical information provided by this imaging technique cannot be deduced by the physical examination of a well-trained physician, therefore this imaging modality may support a more early and precise diagnosis.