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BACKGROUND: Essential oils (EOs) are natural substances that serve as sources of bioactive compounds with antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. OBJECTIVE: This objective is to understand intellectual property related to patent documents on EOs and nanotechnology. METHODS: The nanotechnology growth curve applied to EOs demonstrated that the period from 2015 to 2017 was the most prominent, with a peak in 2016. China is the dominant country, mainly through research developed in the academic area. RESULTS: The food industry area had the highest number of patents filed, highlighting the preservation line. Ginger essential oil, chitosan and Tween 80 were preferentially used as a core, wall material, and emulsifier, respectively. In the market, the use of EOs is more associated with the pharmaceutical/ cosmetics industry. In addition, the food industry market bets more on products based on hemp oil nanocapsules. CONCLUSION: EO nanotechnology is promising for the development of sustainable food systems. However, this nanotechnology in Brazil has not yet advanced enough in the food industry, although there are government incentives that may change this paradigm in the future. The profile of the patent documents and the products in the market differ between the application and the types of oils. In addition, there is a gap between the volume of patent documents investigated and the transfer of technology to the commercial sector, but this constitution could be better explored, given the properties of EOs.

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Las patentes no se publican con la misma celeridad que los artículos científicos porque tiene que transcurrir como mínimo 18 meses de examen de la invención entre su solicitud y el registro público de su concesión en forma de documento de patente. Por eso, el mayor número de patentes publicadas hasta ahora abarca los anteriores coronavirus que afectan a humanos, como son el Síndrome Respiratorio Agudo Severo y el Síndrome Respiratorio de Oriente Medio, de los cuales sí existen patentes de técnicas de diagnóstico, tratamientos e incluso vacunas, así como un menor número de patentes relacionadas con la actual pandemia causada por la COVID-19 por el poco tiempo transcurrido y la alta virología de la enfermedad. La presente de investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar el comportamiento de las invenciones solicitadas y concedidas sobre COVID-19 que han sido registradas en la Oficina Internacional de Patentes de los Estados Unidos. El estudio, por su naturaleza, empleó un enfoque mixto de la investigación, donde se articularon de forma sistémica métodos de corte cualitativo y cuantitativo que permitieron la complementación de los diferentes análisis métricos. Los resultados mostraron que el mayor poderío tecnológico se agrupa en titulares de Estados Unidos, seguidos por Irán, Israel, Bulgaria, Canadá y Reino Unido, y que el número de investigaciones sobre COVID -19 se centra en: técnicas para su identificación y diagnóstico; sistemas informáticos; péptidos; radioterapia; reconocimiento de datos modelos computacionales; mutación e ingeniería genética; colorimetría; procesamiento de datos eléctricos digitales; entre otros temas, que conforman la vanguardia tecnológica innovadora que existe hoy en el mundo sobre la COVID -19(AU)

Patents are not published as quickly as scientific articles because at least 18 months of examination of the invention must elapse between its application and the public record of its grant in the form of a patent document. For this reason, the largest number of patents published so far cover the previous coronaviruses that affect humans, such as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, of which there are patents for diagnostic techniques, treatments and even vaccines. There are fewer patents related to the current pandemic caused by COVID-19 due to the short time that has elapsed and the high virology of the disease. The objective of this research was to analyze the behavior of the requested and granted inventions on COVID-19 that have been registered in the United States International Patent Office. The study by its nature used a mixed approach to research where qualitative and quantitative cutting methods were articulated in a systemic way that allowed the complementation of the different metric analyzes. The results showed that the greatest technological power is clustered in the headlines of the United States, followed by Iran, Israel, Bulgaria, Canada and the United Kingdom, and that the number of investigations on COVID-19 are focused on techniques for its identification and diagnosis, in: computer systems; peptides; radio-therapy; data recognition; computational models; mutation and genetic engineering; colorimetry; digital electrical data processing; among other topics that make up the innovative technological vanguard that exist today in the world on COVID -19(AU)

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INTRODUCTION: Bruxism is among the most chronic dental problems worldwide, and its perception may increase indicatively the condition of people's health, avoiding future health problems. Technologic solutions have improved considerably owing to new diagnostic and treatment technologies and their automation. This review aims to assess therapeutic methods for bruxism through analysis of patent applications spanning recent decades. AREAS COVERED: Patent families of bruxism, and products available on the market. Data were obtained through Questel Orbit from the European Patent Office on a worldwide basis using Cooperative Patent Classification (CPC), analyzing 134 patent families. The products on the market were mapped and classified as used for diagnosis, treatment, or both. EXPERT OPINION: This technological prospect has shown that the technological field of bruxism is growing toward smaller, automated devices; there is still no predominant owner of the technologies. Products are expected to provide home use with a high degree of reliability and specificity, using the Internet of Things (telemedicine associated with industry 4.0) and enabling real-time diagnosis.

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INTRODUCTION: Allergies are among the most prevalent chronic diseases worldwide. Allergen-specific immunotherapy is used as an alternative treatment to pharmacotherapy. These immunotherapies are performed with crude extracts, which have disadvantages when compared to the new approaches, among them are recombinant proteins and hypoallergens. This review aims to assess immunotherapy for allergies through patent application analysis spanning recent decades. AREAS COVERED: Patents referring to allergen immunotherapies used in allergy treatment. Data were obtained from the Espacenet® website, using the Cooperative Patent Classification (CPC) system. Two-hundred-and-one patent applications were analyzed, taking into consideration their classification by the type of technology and applicant. EXPERT OPINION: Allergen-specific immunotherapy represents the only potentially curative therapeutic intervention for the treatment of allergic diseases. The extract-based immunotherapy is being replaced by the use of recombinant allergens, highlighting the hypoallergenic forms, which have low IgE-binding while retaining T-cell reactivity. It is expected that the development of hypoallergens will expand the scope of allergen-specific immunotherapy, especially if associated with alternative systems for expression and delivery systems with future potential. Furthermore, these new developments will likely address the problem of long-term protocols in allergen-specific immunotherapy, thus allowing better patient adherence and compliance.

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