RESUMO

This study aimed to evaluate the potential of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in developing alginate-based gel formulations to inhibit Staphylococcus aureus. Initially, the antagonistic actions of three lactic acid bacteria (LAB) (Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus ATCC 10863, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum ATCC 14917, Limosilactobacillus fermentum ATCC 23271) were evaluated against S. aureus ATCC 25923. All tested LAB inhibited S. aureus, but the highest activity was observed for L. plantarum ATCC 14917 (p < 0.05). The antimicrobial effects of L. plantarum ATCC 14917 cell suspensions, sonicate cells extract, and cell-free supernatants (pH 5 or 7) were analyzed using a broth-based assay. The cell suspensions inhibited S. aureus at concentrations ≥ 10%, and these effects were confirmed by a time-kill assay. Alginate-based gels were formulated with cell suspensions, sonicate cells extract, and cell-free supernatant (pH 5). These formulations inhibited S. aureus growth. Based on the results, the alginate gel with cell suspensions at 10% was selected for further characterization. L. plantarum ATCC 14917 survived in the alginate-based gel, especially when stored at 5 °C. At this temperature, the L. plantarum-containing alginate gel was stable, and it was in compliance with microbiological standards. These findings suggest it can be a promising agent for the topical treatment of infections induced by S. aureus.

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The topical use of caffeine has been indicated for the lipodystrophies treatment as it promotes increased lipolysis. Ultrasound (US) is often used in cutaneous diseases, esthetic conditions, and as a skin permeation enhancer. OBJECTIVE: We investigate the lipolytic response of adipocytes isolated from subcutaneous adipose pigs tissue subjected to treatment with topical application of phonophoresis associated with caffeine. METHOD: We treated dorsal regions of pigs (Landrace × Large White, 35 days, 15 kg, n = 6) daily for 15 days with gel, gel + US [3 MHz, continuous, 0.2 Wcm(2), 1 min/cm(2), in total 2 min], gel + caffeine (5%w/w), and gel + caffeine + US. We used a fifth untreated region as control. Twenty-four hours after the last application, we isolated the adipocytes of each treated area and quantified the basal and stimulated lipolytic responses to isoprenaline. The results, in µmol glycerol/10(6)cells/60 min, were analyzed with analysis of variance or ANOVA followed by Newman-Keuls test. The value of p < 0.05 was indicative of statistical difference. RESULTS: Only the adipocytes isolated from the area treated with caffeine + US showed increased basal lipolysis (0.76 ± 0.26; p = 0.0276) and maximal isoprenaline stimulation (0.38 ± 0.15, p = 0.0029) compared with the other areas. CONCLUSION: The results demonstrate that increased lipolysis of caffeine + US is due to an increase in basal and beta-adrenoceptor response by caffeine, and caffeine's effect is local, avoiding unwanted effects.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Oral hairy leukoplakia (OHL) is a disease associated with Epstein-Barr virus and human immunodeficiency virus infections. OHL is usually an asymptomatic lesion, but in some cases treatment is recommended to reestablish the normal characteristics of the tongue, to eliminate pathogenic microorganisms, to improve patient comfort and for cosmetic reasons. Proposed treatments for this condition include surgery, systemic antiviral treatment and topical management. Topical treatment is an inexpensive and safe therapy that is easy to apply, noninvasive, free of systemic adverse effects and effective over a long period of time. The aim of this study was to present a review of the literature for topical therapy for OHL. Gentian violet, retinoids, podophyllin, acyclovir and podophyllin associated with topical antiviral drugs were used to treat OHL. Reports with this focus are limited, and since 2010, no new studies have been published that discuss the efficacy of topical treatments for OHL. Podophyllin with acyclovir cream was found to be effective, causing regression of lesions with no recurrences. Additional searches are necessary to provide clinical evidence of topical management effectiveness.

RESUMO

Topical agents are widely used in the care of burn patients; however the efficacy to prevent local infections and/or sepsis has not been clearly established in studies with a high level of evidence. This systematic review was conducted to assess the comparative efficacy among different topical agents. Material and Methods. The literature search was performed using the Medline database. Key MESH terms were: (burn* or scald*) AND (antibacterial or antibiotic*) AND (topic*) AND (therap* or prophylax*). Only randomized or quasi-randomized clinical trials, with a primary endpoint of local infection and/or sepsis were included. Studies were scored and classified regarding methodological key issues according to their level of evidence. Results. The initial search identified 457 studies of which 14 were eligible for final evaluation, and full text was available for 11 of them. Conclusions. The evidence found in our review does not support differences in efficacy of topical agents to reduce sepsis and/or local infections in burn patients.

Los agentes tópicos son ampliamente utilizados en el cuidado de los pacientes quemados. Con el objetivo de evaluar la eficacia comparativa entre diferentes agentes tópicos habitualmente utilizados para la prevención de infecciones, llevamos a cabo una revisión sistemática. Material y métodos. La búsqueda bibliográfica se realizó en la base Medline. Las palabras clave utilizadas, fueron: burn* or scald* AND antibacterial or antibiotic* AND topic* AND therap* or prophylax*. Solamente se incluyeron estudios con asignación aleatorizada o cuasi-aleatorizada de las intervenciones y cuya variable principal fuera la presencia de infección local y/o sepsis. Resultados. La búsqueda inicial detectó 457 artículos, de los cuales se seleccionaron 14 para su evaluación final, disponiendo del texto de 11 de ellos. Conclusiones. Las evidencias halladas sobre el tema fueron de calidad científica moderada. No se identificaron evidencias que demostraran la superioridad de alguno de los agentes tópicos sobre otros para reducir la infección o la sepsis en el paciente quemado.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Topical agents are widely used in the care of burn patients; however the efficacy to prevent local infections and/or sepsis has not been clearly established in studies with a high level of evidence. This systematic review was conducted to assess the comparative efficacy among different topical agents. Material and Methods. The literature search was performed using the Medline database. Key MESH terms were: (burn* or scald*) AND (antibacterial or antibiotic*) AND (topic*) AND (therap* or prophylax*). Only randomized or quasi-randomized clinical trials, with a primary endpoint of local infection and/or sepsis were included. Studies were scored and classified regarding methodological key issues according to their level of evidence. Results. The initial search identified 457 studies of which 14 were eligible for final evaluation, and full text was available for 11 of them. Conclusions. The evidence found in our review does not support differences in efficacy of topical agents to reduce sepsis and/or local infections in burn patients.(AU)

Los agentes tópicos son ampliamente utilizados en el cuidado de los pacientes quemados. Con el objetivo de evaluar la eficacia comparativa entre diferentes agentes tópicos habitualmente utilizados para la prevención de infecciones, llevamos a cabo una revisión sistemática. Material y métodos. La búsqueda bibliográfica se realizó en la base Medline. Las palabras clave utilizadas, fueron: burn* or scald* AND antibacterial or antibiotic* AND topic* AND therap* or prophylax*. Solamente se incluyeron estudios con asignación aleatorizada o cuasi-aleatorizada de las intervenciones y cuya variable principal fuera la presencia de infección local y/o sepsis. Resultados. La búsqueda inicial detectó 457 artículos, de los cuales se seleccionaron 14 para su evaluación final, disponiendo del texto de 11 de ellos. Conclusiones. Las evidencias halladas sobre el tema fueron de calidad científica moderada. No se identificaron evidencias que demostraran la superioridad de alguno de los agentes tópicos sobre otros para reducir la infección o la sepsis en el paciente quemado.(AU)

Assuntos