RESUMO
Avaliou-se o desenvolvimento de folículos pré-antrais ovinos após o cultivo in vitro do córtex ovariano em várias concentrações de ácido 3-indol acético (IAA). O córtex ovariano foi dividido em fragmentos de aproximadamente 3×3mm. Um fragmento foi imediatamente fixado em Bouin (controle dia 0) e os demais destinados ao cultivo por dois ou seis dias em meio essencial mínimo (MEM+) acrescido de 10, 40, 100, 500 ou 1000ng/ml de IAA. Após o cultivo in vitro, não houve variação entre folículos dos tratamentos e folículos-controle, exceto nos suplementados com 40ng/ml de IAA. Nestes observaram-se redução de folículos primordiais e aumento de folículos em desenvolvimento (P<0,05). Em relação aos folículos do grupo-controle, houve redução de pré-antrais normais no cultivo de seis dias (P<0,05). Após dois dias de cultivo, a redução foi observada somente nos folículos suplementados com 500 ou 1000ng/ml de IAA. Folículos pré-antrais ovinos podem ser ativados in vitro com sucesso após o cultivo em MEM+ suplementado com 40ng/ml de IAA.(AU)
The development of ovine preantral follicles after in vitro culture of ovarian cortex in various concentrations of indol acetic acid (IAA) was evaluated. The ovarian cortex was divided into fragments of approximately 3×3mm. One fragment was immediately fixed in Bouin (control day 0) whereas the other fragments were cultured for two or six days in minimum essential medium (MEM) supplemented (MEM+) with 10, 40, 100, 500 or 1000ng/ml of IAA. After six days of in vitro culture the percentage of primordial and developing follicles remained unaltered when compared to control follicles, except for MEM+ added of 40ng/ml of IAA that presented reduction of primordial follicles and increase of developing follicles (P<0.05). The culture of ovarian cortex for six days, in all tested media, reduced the percentages of healthy follicles when compared to control follicles (P<0.05). After two days of culture this reduction was only observed in the follicles treated with 500 or 1000ng/ml of IAA. Ovine primordial follicles may be successfully activated in vitro after culturing in MEM+ containing 40ng/ml of IAA.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Folículo Ovariano/anatomia & histologia , Folículo Ovariano/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Ácidos Indolacéticos/uso terapêutico , Ovinos , Oócitos/crescimento & desenvolvimentoRESUMO
A double-blind, parallel group study was carried out in 61 patients suffering from acute gouty arthritis to compare the effectiveness of etodolac and naproxen in the relief of symptoms. Patients were allocated at random to receive either 300 mg etodolac twice daily (31 patients) or 500 mg naproxen twice daily (30 patients) for 7 days. Both groups were comparable for sex, age and weight of patients, but there was a tendency for patients in the etodolac group to have more severe gout as shown by baseline clinical assessment scores. The variables assessed on entry and on Days 2, 4 and 7 of treatment were pain intensity, swelling, tenderness, erythema, joint heat, range of motion, and physician's and patients' overall evaluation of the condition. The results showed that there was a significant improvement from baseline in all of the variables at each time point in both treatment groups. However, more etodolac-treated patients (81%) than naproxen-treated patients (53%) showed overall improvement at Day 2, and etodolac was significantly better than naproxen on the Day 2 evaluation of joint swelling and at the Day 4 evaluations of joint tenderness, range of motion and the physician's global assessment. At the final evaluation on Day 7, 97% of the etodolac group reported that their condition had improved as compared to 93% of the naproxen group. Both drugs were well tolerated and only a few mild side-effects were reported.
Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/uso terapêutico , Artrite Gotosa/tratamento farmacológico , Ácidos Indolacéticos/uso terapêutico , Naproxeno/uso terapêutico , Doença Aguda , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Artrite Gotosa/fisiopatologia , Método Duplo-Cego , Etodolac , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Medição da Dor/efeitos dos fármacos , Amplitude de Movimento Articular/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
Numerous clinical trials have shown etodolac to be an effective analgesic. The purpose of the present report is to review results of 14 studies that demonstrate the effectiveness of etodolac in a variety of painful conditions. Presented are the results of four postsurgical pain studies, one study of acute gouty arthritis and nine studies of acute musculoskeletal disorders: acute low back pain, acute painful shoulder, tendinitis and bursitis, and acute sports injuries. A single oral dose of etodolac (25, 50, 100, 200, or 400 mg) was compared with aspirin (650 mg) or a combination of acetaminophen (600 mg) plus codeine (60 mg) for the relief of pain up to 12 h following oral, urogenital or orthopedic surgery. In multiple dose studies of acute gouty arthritis and musculoskeletal conditions, etodolac 200 or 300 mg twice a day (b.i.d.) or 200 mg three times a day (t.i.d.) was compared with naproxen 500 mg b.i.d. or t.i.d., diclofenac 50 mg b.i.d. or t.i.d., and piroxicam 20 or 40 mg once a day (o.d.) administered over 5 to 14 days. The efficacy of etodolac was at least equal and in some ways superior to aspirin and acetaminophen plus codeine in the relief of postsurgical pain. In studies of acute gouty arthritis, significant improvement from baseline were seen for all efficacy parameters evaluated for both the etodolac- and naproxen-treated patients. All the present studies of musculoskeletal conditions have shown etodolac to be effective and comparable in analgesic efficacy to naproxen, diclofenac or piroxicam. In summary, etodolac therapy for pain following surgery, in acute gouty arthritis and in acute musculoskeletal conditions resulted in analgesia comparable to that provided by several well-established analgesic or anti-inflammatory agents.
Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/uso terapêutico , Ácidos Indolacéticos/uso terapêutico , Sistema Musculoesquelético/efeitos dos fármacos , Dor Pós-Operatória/tratamento farmacológico , Acetaminofen/farmacologia , Acetaminofen/uso terapêutico , Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/farmacologia , Artrite Gotosa/tratamento farmacológico , Artrite Gotosa/patologia , Aspirina/farmacologia , Aspirina/uso terapêutico , Traumatismos em Atletas/tratamento farmacológico , Traumatismos em Atletas/patologia , Dor nas Costas/tratamento farmacológico , Dor nas Costas/patologia , Bursite/tratamento farmacológico , Bursite/patologia , Diclofenaco/farmacologia , Diclofenaco/uso terapêutico , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Etodolac , Humanos , Ácidos Indolacéticos/farmacologia , Sistema Musculoesquelético/patologia , Naproxeno/farmacologia , Naproxeno/uso terapêutico , Dor Pós-Operatória/patologia , Piroxicam/farmacologia , Piroxicam/uso terapêutico , Tendinopatia/tratamento farmacológico , Tendinopatia/patologiaRESUMO
Etodolac is a new nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). Published and unpublished data on etodolac in pain management are reviewed to assess the analgesic effectiveness of this drug. Data are presented from four representative studies that showed the analgesic activity of etodolac in postsurgical pain models. These results suggest that the drug would have analgesic utility in other painful conditions such as gout and musculoskeletal disorders. The efficacy of etodolac in such conditions is confirmed by the results from eight controlled clinical studies in patients with gouty arthritis, tendinitis and bursitis, and acute sports injuries. Etodolac 200 or 300 mg twice a day (b.i.d.) or 200 mg three times a day (t.i.d.) was compared with naproxen 500 mg b.i.d. and diclofenac 50 mg b.i.d. or 50 mg t.i.d. All three NSAIDs provided analgesia, and etodolac was comparable in efficacy to the comparators. The data presented in this review suggest a future role for etodolac as an analgesic as well as an anti-inflammatory agent.