RESUMO

Abstract The therapeutic drugs to treat Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections have toxic side effects and there has been an emergence of drug-resistant strains. Therefore, the search for new treatments for HSV infections is mounting. In the present study, semi-solid formulations containing a crude hydroethanolic extract (CHE) from Schinus terebinthifolia were developed. Skin irritation, cutaneous permeation, and in vivo therapeutic efficacy of the formulations were investigated. Treatment with the ointment formulations did not result in any signs of skin irritation while the emulsions increased the thickness of the epidermis in Swiss mice. The cutaneous permeation test indicated that the CHE incorporated in the formulations permeated through the skin layers and was present in the epidermis and dermis even 3 h after topical application. In vivo antiviral activity in BALB/c mice treated with the CHE ointments was better than those treated with the CHE emulsions and did not significantly differ from an acyclovir-treated group. Taken together, this suggests that the incorporation of CHE in the ointment may be a potential candidate for the alternative topical treatment of herpetic lesions.

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Flavonoids are a diverse family of plant compounds that are involved in pigmentation, protection, and endogenous regulation. Flavonoids also have medicinal applications, suggesting that they may exert chemoprotective effects. However, some studies have shown, that some plant flavonoids have oxidative and toxic effects, including those produced by Schinus terebinthifolius. In Brazil, extracts of this plant are widely used for medical purposes. In this study, we analyzed the mutagenic potential of two flavonoid-enriched fractions from Brazilian pepper tree stem bark using Escherichia coli CC strains deficient and proficient in enzymes involved in the DNA repair of oxidative lesions. The highest mutagenic response was detected in the CC104mutMmutY strain but CC104mutY showed a higher mutation frequency than CC104mutM. The spectrum of mutations induced in plasmid DNA is composed of mutations typically caused by oxidative lesions. However, a new type of lesion must be occurred to explain the cytotoxicity, higher mutation rates in the CC104mutY strain, and the rare A:T → T:A and G:C → C:G transversions found in this work.

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RESUMO

Medicinal plants are important for supplying raw materials for the synthesis of drugs and may also betoxic. The species Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi, popularly known as aroeira red or pink pepper is widelyconsumed by many people. This study aimed to assess adverse effects of the essential oil from the fruits ofSchinus terebinthifolius on pregnancy, administered during the preimplantation period. We used 32 pregnantanimals divided into four groups, a control (Tween 80) and three treated oil at doses of 25mg / kg, 50mg / kgand 100mg / kg treated once daily, the first to the seventh day of pregnancy, orally. Statistically there was nodifference between the treated groups compared to pre-implant loss, but there was a statistically significantdifference with respect to the increased weight of the empty uterus, both in relative mass as absolute. It isconcluded that the rats treated with oil of mastic-red fruits showed signs of gestational toxicity.(AU)

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RESUMO

The aroeira red is a plant of the species Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi, a plant native to Brazil andused in folk medicine for several people. This work was the objective of evaluate in the development of theprogeny of rats treated with essential oil of fruits of aroeira red. Was used four groups of pregnant rats, wherethree groups were treated with the oil at doses of 25, 50 and 100mg /kg each, and one control group treated withTween 80. All groups were treated orally once a day, from the 8º day of pregnancy until day before the birth,who interrupted in parturition day and continued treatment until day weaning (± 21 days). It was observed thatthere was an increase in bilateral ankle sprain while the progenies in the two higher doses. We conclude thatfemale rats treated with OE-St in the post-implementation period, showed a possible maternal-fetal toxicit.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Medicinal plants are important for supplying raw materials for the synthesis of drugs and may also betoxic. The species Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi, popularly known as aroeira red or pink pepper is widelyconsumed by many people. This study aimed to assess adverse effects of the essential oil from the fruits ofSchinus terebinthifolius on pregnancy, administered during the preimplantation period. We used 32 pregnantanimals divided into four groups, a control (Tween 80) and three treated oil at doses of 25mg / kg, 50mg / kgand 100mg / kg treated once daily, the first to the seventh day of pregnancy, orally. Statistically there was nodifference between the treated groups compared to pre-implant loss, but there was a statistically significantdifference with respect to the increased weight of the empty uterus, both in relative mass as absolute. It isconcluded that the rats treated with oil of mastic-red fruits showed signs of gestational toxicity.

Assuntos

RESUMO

The aroeira red is a plant of the species Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi, a plant native to Brazil andused in folk medicine for several people. This work was the objective of evaluate in the development of theprogeny of rats treated with essential oil of fruits of aroeira red. Was used four groups of pregnant rats, wherethree groups were treated with the oil at doses of 25, 50 and 100mg /kg each, and one control group treated withTween 80. All groups were treated orally once a day, from the 8º day of pregnancy until day before the birth,who interrupted in parturition day and continued treatment until day weaning (± 21 days). It was observed thatthere was an increase in bilateral ankle sprain while the progenies in the two higher doses. We conclude thatfemale rats treated with OE-St in the post-implementation period, showed a possible maternal-fetal toxicit.

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RESUMO

Introducción: Schinus areira L., comúnmente conocido como "Aguaribay", "Gualeguay" o "Molle", pertenece a la familia Anacardiaceae, en donde se incluyen árboles ornamentales, arbustos y lianas, frutos y nueces comercialmente valiosas como el cajú o el pistacho. Objetivo: Obtener el aceite esencial de Schinus areira y su fracción en terpenos hidrocarburos para determinar sus efectos sobre la actividad cardiovascular y su acción en parámetros histopatológicos, bioquímicos y hematológicos en animales de experimentación. Materiales y Métodos: a) Se aisló el aceite esencial (AE) del Schinus areira por arrastre de vapor de agua y posteriormente a través de cromatografía de capa delgada, su fracción en terpenos hidrocarburos (FH); b) se cuantificó mediante cromatografía de masa la composición química del AE y de la FH; c) se determinó el efecto de ambos compuestos en parámetros histopatológicos, bioquímicos, hematológicos y la actividad cardiovascular en conejos despiertos normotensos con un tratamiento agudo y crónico y d) se evaluó el efecto a dosis crecientes de noradrenalina, el corazón ex vivo de ratón, previamente tratado con el AE de S. areira.

ABSTRACT: Introduction: Schinus areira L., commonly known as "Aguaribay", "Gualeguay" or "Molle", belongs to the Anacardiaceae family, where trees, shrubs and vines, fruits and nuts commercially valuable as cashews or pistachios are included. The research of active compounds present in plants for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases has increased significantly worldwide and because of these trends, many reports have evaluated the effects of various plants and their components in the cardiovascular system in order to provide a scientific basis for therapeutic applications target. The EO of Schinus areira and hydrocarbon fraction were obtained to determine their effects on cardiovascular activity and its action on histopathological, biochemical and hematological parameters in experimental animals. Materials and Methods: a) The essential oil (EO) of Schinus areira stripping water and subsequently through thin layer chromatography, the hydrocarbon fraction (HF) were isolated, b) were quantified by chromatography mass chemistry EO and HF, c) the effect of both oils on histopathological, biochemical, hematological and cardiovascular activity in conscious normotensive rabbits d) was determined the effects of increasing doses of noradrenaline were evaluated, the heart ex vivo mouse pretreated EO of S. areira.

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The aim was to evaluate the use of Brazilian red pepper meal (BRPM) as an additive natural in feed on performance of broilers. A total of 396 day-old male chicks, Cobb, distributed in a randomized design in groups of three treatments and six replicates of 22 broilers each, consisting of the negative control - basal diet without growth promoter or brazilian red pepper; positive control - diet with zinc bacitracin and salinomycin; diet with 1.2% BRPM. Regarding the chemical composition of the BRPM it was verified that the ether extract, crude fiber, calcium, total phenolics, total and condensed tannins were higher than in corn, although other nutrients such as protein and phosphorus have values close those observed in this grain. There was no significant difference between treatments on animal performance. The BRPM reduced significantly the concentrations of alanine aminotransferase and gamma glutamyltransferase enzymes at 21 and 41 days old, respectively, compared to the CN, without compromising the weight gain. This reduction suggested a decrease of protein synthesis probably due to a lower absorption of aminoacids. It was concluded that the utilization of 1.2% of BRPM did not reduce the animal performance.(AU)

Objetivou-se a utilização do farelo de pimenta rosa (FPR) como um aditivo natural na dieta sobre o desempenho de frangos. Utilizaram-se 396 pintos machos, Cobb de um dia de idade distribuídos em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com três tratamentos e seis repetições, com 22 aves por unidade experimental, constituídos pelos grupos controle negativo (CN); controle positivo (CP) e dieta com 1,2% FPR. Quanto à composição química do FPR verificou-se que os teores de extrato etéreo, fibra bruta, cálcio, fenóis totais, taninos totais e taninos condensados foram superiores aos encontrados no milho, sendo que os demais nutrientes como a proteína bruta e o fósforo tiveram valores próximos aos observados neste grão. Não houve diferença significativa entres os tratamentos no desempenho animal. O FPR reduziu significativamente as concentrações das enzimas alanina aminotransferase (ALT) e gama glutamiltransferase (GGT) aos 21 e 41 dias de idade, respectivamente, comparado ao CN, sem comprometer o ganho de peso. Esta redução sugeriu uma diminuição de síntese protéica provavelmente em função de uma menor absorção de aminoácidos.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

The aim was to evaluate the use of Brazilian red pepper meal (BRPM) as an additive natural in feed on performance of broilers. A total of 396 day-old male chicks, Cobb, distributed in a randomized design in groups of three treatments and six replicates of 22 broilers each, consisting of the negative control - basal diet without growth promoter or brazilian red pepper; positive control - diet with zinc bacitracin and salinomycin; diet with 1.2% BRPM. Regarding the chemical composition of the BRPM it was verified that the ether extract, crude fiber, calcium, total phenolics, total and condensed tannins were higher than in corn, although other nutrients such as protein and phosphorus have values close those observed in this grain. There was no significant difference between treatments on animal performance. The BRPM reduced significantly the concentrations of alanine aminotransferase and gamma glutamyltransferase enzymes at 21 and 41 days old, respectively, compared to the CN, without compromising the weight gain. This reduction suggested a decrease of protein synthesis probably due to a lower absorption of aminoacids. It was concluded that the utilization of 1.2% of BRPM did not reduce the animal performance.

Objetivou-se a utilização do farelo de pimenta rosa (FPR) como um aditivo natural na dieta sobre o desempenho de frangos. Utilizaram-se 396 pintos machos, Cobb de um dia de idade distribuídos em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com três tratamentos e seis repetições, com 22 aves por unidade experimental, constituídos pelos grupos controle negativo (CN); controle positivo (CP) e dieta com 1,2% FPR. Quanto à composição química do FPR verificou-se que os teores de extrato etéreo, fibra bruta, cálcio, fenóis totais, taninos totais e taninos condensados foram superiores aos encontrados no milho, sendo que os demais nutrientes como a proteína bruta e o fósforo tiveram valores próximos aos observados neste grão. Não houve diferença significativa entres os tratamentos no desempenho animal. O FPR reduziu significativamente as concentrações das enzimas alanina aminotransferase (ALT) e gama glutamiltransferase (GGT) aos 21 e 41 dias de idade, respectivamente, comparado ao CN, sem comprometer o ganho de peso. Esta redução sugeriu uma diminuição de síntese protéica provavelmente em função de uma menor absorção de aminoácidos.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Introducción: Schinus areira L., comúnmente conocido como "Aguaribay", "Gualeguay" o "Molle", pertenece a la familia Anacardiaceae, en donde se incluyen árboles ornamentales, arbustos y lianas, frutos y nueces comercialmente valiosas como el cajú o el pistacho. Objetivo: Obtener el aceite esencial de Schinus areira y su fracción en terpenos hidrocarburos para determinar sus efectos sobre la actividad cardiovascular y su acción en parámetros histopatológicos, bioquímicos y hematológicos en animales de experimentación. Materiales y Métodos: a) Se aisló el aceite esencial (AE) del Schinus areira por arrastre de vapor de agua y posteriormente a través de cromatografía de capa delgada, su fracción en terpenos hidrocarburos (FH); b) se cuantificó mediante cromatografía de masa la composición química del AE y de la FH; c) se determinó el efecto de ambos compuestos en parámetros histopatológicos, bioquímicos, hematológicos y la actividad cardiovascular en conejos despiertos normotensos con un tratamiento agudo y crónico y d) se evaluó el efecto a dosis crecientes de noradrenalina, el corazón ex vivo de ratón, previamente tratado con el AE de S. areira.(AU)

ABSTRACT: Introduction: Schinus areira L., commonly known as "Aguaribay", "Gualeguay" or "Molle", belongs to the Anacardiaceae family, where trees, shrubs and vines, fruits and nuts commercially valuable as cashews or pistachios are included. The research of active compounds present in plants for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases has increased significantly worldwide and because of these trends, many reports have evaluated the effects of various plants and their components in the cardiovascular system in order to provide a scientific basis for therapeutic applications target. The EO of Schinus areira and hydrocarbon fraction were obtained to determine their effects on cardiovascular activity and its action on histopathological, biochemical and hematological parameters in experimental animals. Materials and Methods: a) The essential oil (EO) of Schinus areira stripping water and subsequently through thin layer chromatography, the hydrocarbon fraction (HF) were isolated, b) were quantified by chromatography mass chemistry EO and HF, c) the effect of both oils on histopathological, biochemical, hematological and cardiovascular activity in conscious normotensive rabbits d) was determined the effects of increasing doses of noradrenaline were evaluated, the heart ex vivo mouse pretreated EO of S. areira.(AU)

Assuntos