RESUMO
Abstract Some plants of the genus Pulicaria have been used in traditional medicines for treating back pain and inflammation. They possess various bioactivities such as antipyretic, analgesic, and hepatoprotective. This study aimed to investigate the potential analgesic, antipyretic, anti- inflammatory, and hepatoprotective activities of Pulicaria crispa (P. crispa) extract (PCE). Analgesic activity was evaluated using the hot plate and acetic acid-induced writhing tests. Antipyretic and anti-inflammatory activities were evaluated using rectal temperature and carrageenan-induced hind paw edema methods, respectively. CCl4-intoxication was used for hepatoprotective activity. Also, liver histopathology was assessed. PCE, at 500 mg/kg, exhibited significant analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory effects. The increased serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), and bilirubin of CCl4-exposed rats reflects their liver injury. PCE significantly decreased the elevated liver markers. The hepatoprotective effect of PCE was confirmed, as it successfully reversed the altered levels of total protein, malondialdehyde (MDA), and non-protein sulfhydryls (NP-SH) in the liver tissues of CCl4-exposed rats. Histopathological studies confirmed the hepatoprotective nature of PCE. Pretreatment of rats with PCE reduced the severity of CCl4-induced liver damage. These findings concluded that PCE possesses analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective activities.
Assuntos
Extratos Vegetais/análise , Asteraceae/classificação , Pulicaria/anatomia & histologia , Antipiréticos/classificação , Analgésicos/classificaçãoRESUMO
Abstract The phytochemical investigation on Vitex negundo leaves has led to the isolation of one new iridoid glucoside (8α-hydroxy-4-carboxyl-5ßH-9ßH-iridoid-1α-O-(6'-O-(6,7-dihydrofoliamenthonyl)-ß-á´ -glucopyranoside, 3), together with three known compounds, namely agnuside (1), 6'-O-E-caffeoylmussaenosidic acid (2), and 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (4). The HPLC analytical study was also performed to quantify the content of agnuside (1) in dried leaves. The results indicated the very high content of 1 (3.04 ± 0.02%). The method was also validated by various parameters, including linearity (R2= 0.9999), precision (intra-day RSD ≤ 2.50%, inter-day RSD= 0.76%), and accuracy (recovery rates 96.58-101.86%). The animal testing data showed that the extract did not reduce pain at the doses of 9.6 and 28.8 g /kg (leaf weight/body weight) in the hot plates and pain measuring models but showed the pain reduction in the acetic acid-induced pain model. The extract at the dose of 5.6 g/kg (leaf weight/body weight) also had effects on the acute inflammation in the carrageenin-induced edema model. The extract at the dose 9.6 and 28.8 g/kg (leaf weight/body weight) also showed significant chronic anti-inflammation, comparable to methylprednisolone at the dose 10 mg/kg on the mouse peritoneal
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Feminino , Camundongos , Ratos , Lamiaceae/anatomia & histologia , Vitex/efeitos adversos , Analgésicos/classificação , Anti-Inflamatórios/classificação , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão/métodos , Folhas de Planta/efeitos adversos , Compostos FitoquímicosRESUMO
PURPOSE: To estimate the prevalence of use of analgesics in Brazil; and to characterize this use, according to sociodemographic and health-related characteristics. METHODS: A cross-sectional population-based study (National Survey on Access, Use and Promotion of Rational Use of Medicines, PNAUM) was conducted between September 2013 and February 2014. A total of 41,433 people of all ages in Brazilian urban households were interviewed. Occasional use (within the last 15 days) and continuous use of non-opioid analgesics, opioid analgesics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were investigated, regardless of whether this use occurred through prescription or self-medication. The main outcome was the use of at least one analgesic. RESULTS: The majority of the individuals were female (52.8%), aged between 20 and 59 years (57.2%), with 1 to 8 years of schooling (45.6%). The overall prevalence of analgesic use was 22.8% [95% CI: 21.4-24.2]. The use of analgesics was significantly higher among women, adults and elderly (20 years or more), highly educated individuals and respondents who referred: diagnosis of one or more chronic diseases, using three or more medications, possession of health insurance and with one or more emergency care admittances or hospitalizations within the last year. Non-opioid analgesics were the agents most used (18.5% of the sample), followed by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (6.9%) and opioid analgesics (0.5%). The most commonly used drugs were metamizole (37.8% of all analgesics), paracetamol (25.3%) and diclofenac (10.7%). These drugs were used mainly to manage occasional health conditions, particularly pain. CONCLUSION: One in five Brazilians used some analgesic, especially non-opioid analgesics, to manage acute health problems such as painful conditions.
Assuntos
Analgésicos/classificação , Analgésicos/uso terapêutico , Acetaminofen/uso terapêutico , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Brasil , Estudos Transversais , Diclofenaco/uso terapêutico , Dipirona/uso terapêutico , Uso de Medicamentos , Feminino , Promoção da Saúde , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores Sexuais , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Antecedentes: El dolor y el miedo al dolor durante el tratamiento odontológico son frecuentes tanto en la práctica general como en la especialidad de la ortodoncia. El dolor de variada intensidad se presenta en 94% de los pacientes durante el primer día del tratamiento ortodóncico y todavía al sexto día lo padece aproximadamente 50%. Sin embargo, en muchas ocasiones los pacientes no reciben una receta médica o medicamentos para el alivio del dolor y esto puede conducir a la automedicación. Objetivos: El propósito de este estudio fue determinar el manejo del dolor que el ortodoncista realiza durante el tratamiento dental. Material y métodos: Este estudio es de tipo transversal mediante una encuesta de respuesta inmediata a 51 odontólogos especialistas en ortodoncia egresados de diferentes universidades y en diferentes tiempos. Asimismo, fueron entrevistados 100 pacientes ortodóncicos portadores de brackets a quienes se les realizaron preguntas relacionadas con la percepción de dolor y el manejo farmacológico de éste durante la cementación de brackets, cambio del arco de alambre o activación de sus aparatos. Resultados: 35.3% (n = 18/51) de los ortodoncistas prescriben analgésicos de manera habitual, mientras que 64.7% (n = 33/51) no lo hacen y 29.4% (n = 15/51) los indican con horario fijo. El analgésico de elección fue el paracetamol (64.7%; n = 33/51). 51% (n = 26/51) de los ortodoncistas refieren que no emplean analgésicos porque no existe dolor durante el tratamiento dental, o si lo hay, es leve, transitorio y tolerable. 52% (n = 52/100) recibió la instrucción verbal de tomar analgésicos en caso de ser necesario, mientras que al resto no se le dio tal indicación. Del total de pacientes sólo 4% (n = 4/100) no percibió dolor durante el tratamiento, en tanto que el resto presentó dolor leve (19%), moderado (57%) y severo (20%). La frecuencia de días con dolor posterior a la cementación o activación de los brackets fue de 1-3 días (56%). El principal trastorno ocasionado por el tratamiento fue la alteración de la masticación, es decir, la incapacidad y/o dolor durante la masticación se presentó en 86%, y 42% se adaptó a la presencia de los brackets en su boca en un tiempo de entre dos a cuatro semanas. Conclusiones: La mayoría de los ortodoncistas encuestados afirman que el dolor producido por las fuerzas ortodóncicas es de baja intensidad y el paciente lo tolera muy bien, por lo que la administración de analgésicos es innecesaria y cuando tienen que recetar algún medicamento, el de su preferencia es el paracetamol; sin embargo, no lo recetan con dosis y horario fijo. La afirmación de parte de 51% de los ortodoncistas respecto a que el paciente no presenta dolor durante el tratamiento ortodóncico no se cumple, ya que se encontró que 77% de los pacientes presentaron dolor entre moderado y severo durante al menos 1-3 días posteriores a la cementación o activación de los aparatos (AU)
Background: Pain and fear of suffering during the orthodontic treatment, are still frequent in both general and specialty dental practice, including the orthodontics. The pain with different intensity, it is shown in the 94% of the patient, during the 1st day of the orthodontic treatment but still, during the 6th day, it appears to the 50% of the patients. Nevertheless, on many occasions, the patients do not receive any prescription or pain relief medication and this may lead to self-medication. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the pain management that the orthodontist performs during dental treatment. Material and methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out by an immediate response survey to 51 orthodontic dentists graduated from different universities and at different times. We also interviewed 100 orthodontic patients who were asked questions related to their perception of pain and its pharmacological management during the activation of the devices. Results: 35.3% (n = 18/51) of orthodontists usually prescribe analgesics while the 64.7% (n = 33/51) they won't give any prescriptions; 29.4% (n = 15/51) indicating a specific time. The analgesic choice was paracetamol (64.7%; n = 33/51). 51% (n = 26/51) of the orthodontist they said that most of the time they won't give any prescription because there was no pain during the dental treatment, or in case that exists, they comment that is transitory or is a tolerated pain. The 52% (n = 52/100) they received the indication of taking analgesics in case they needed it, whereas the rest weren't receiving any indication. Of all patients only 4% (n = 4/100) did not feel pain during their treatment; meanwhile, the 19% felt a mild pain; 57% felt a moderate pain and 20% severe pain. The frequency with pain after the cementation or activation of the devices it is about 1 to 3 days (56%). The main disorder by the treatment was the chewing alteration (86%), and the 42% adapted to their braces in a time of 2-4 weeks. Conclusions: The majority of orthodontists enrolled, they had commented that the pain produced by the force of the braces is a low intensity and that the patient will tolerate without any problem, and because of that, there isn't a need to give them any prescription, and when there's a need the one of their preference is paracetamol, nevertheless they don't give the prescription with time and required doses. The affirmation from the 51% of the orthodontist about the patient that does not suffer any pain during their orthodontic treatment it's not according to the 77% who felt pain between moderate and severe during at least 1-3 days after the cementation or activation of devices (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Ortodontia Corretiva/efeitos adversos , Dor Pós-Operatória , Analgésicos/administração & dosagem , Analgésicos/classificação , Estudos Transversais , Interpretação Estatística de Dados , Braquetes Ortodônticos , Distribuição por Sexo , Pesquisas sobre Atenção à Saúde , MéxicoRESUMO
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: The World Health Organization (WHO) recognizes the potential of plants used in secular traditional medicine and considers this an important source of evidence to assess their effectiveness and safety. Brazil is rich in biodiversity and traditional uses based on the Amerindian culture. However, many processes started with the arrival of the Portuguese in the year 1500. The successive economic cycles, for example, led to destruction of native vegetation and an intense cultural erosion. As a consequence, the information about the use of plants in the past centuries are dispersed and without interpretation. In this study a methodology to evidence the traditionality of Brazilian plants was demonstrated using data about barbatimão barks (Stryphnodendron adstringens (Mart.) Coville - Fabaceae) and Copaiba oleoresin (Copaifera spp. - Fabaceae) in wound healing, was established. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Data about use of the plants were recovered from bibliography published between 1576 and 2011. The books (101) were classified using weights, considering the date of publication and the source of Information. Older books that describe primary information received weight 10, while books written more recently and with secondary information received weight 0.4. A score for each category of medicinal use was calculated based on the books weights and the frequency of citation. A review about the current use of both plants was also performed from ethnobotanical studies published in journals. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The traditional secular use of barks of barbatimão and oleoresin of copaiba to treat wounds was confirmed based on the historic bibliographic research. The most frequent use of barbatimão in a timeline of 500 years of Brazil's history, was as astringent, whereas for copaíba was as healing of skin and mucosal lesions. The continuous and current use of these plants to treat wounds, confirmed by recent ethnobotanical studies, is an indicative of the resilience of these remedies and their effectiveness. CONCLUSION: The use of preparations containing barbatimão barks and copaiba oleoresin can be considered effective in the treatment of wounds. Nonetheless, it is necessary to improve the quality of the formulas as established by WHO.
Assuntos
Fabaceae/classificação , Medicina Tradicional/métodos , Casca de Planta , Preparações de Plantas/classificação , Obras Médicas de Referência , Cicatrização/efeitos dos fármacos , Analgésicos/classificação , Analgésicos/farmacologia , Analgésicos/uso terapêutico , Anti-Inflamatórios/classificação , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Anti-Inflamatórios/uso terapêutico , Adstringentes/classificação , Adstringentes/farmacologia , Adstringentes/uso terapêutico , Brasil/etnologia , Humanos , Casca de Planta/classificação , Preparações de Plantas/farmacologia , Preparações de Plantas/uso terapêutico , Plantas Medicinais/classificação , Resinas Vegetais/classificação , Resinas Vegetais/farmacologia , Resinas Vegetais/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
Pyrimidine derivative 3 was afforded through the reaction of compound (1) with 5-ureidohydantion (2). Product 3 underwent a cyclization to produce fused pyrimidine derivative 7, although the latter product 7 was synthesized through one step via the reaction of compound (1) with 5-ureidohydantion (2) using another catalyst. Compound 3 was oriented to react with cyclic ketones 8a,b in the presence of elemental sulfur, salicylaldehyde (10), aryldiazonium chlorides 12a,b and ω-bromo-4-methoxy- acetophenone (14), which afforded, fused thiophene derivatives 9a,b, coumarin derivative 11, arylhdrazono derivatives 13a,b and 4-methoxyphenyl butenyl derivative 15, respectively. The latter product 15 was reacted with either potassium cyanide (16a) or potassium thiocyanide (16b) to form cyano and thiocyano derivatives 17a,b, respectively. Compound 17a underwent further cyclization to afford pyridopyrimidine derivative 19. Compound 15 was reacted with either hydrazine (20a) or phenylhydrazine (20b) to produce hydrazo derivatives 21a,b and these products were cyclize to produce pyrrole derivatives 23a,b. Finally, 5-ureidohydantion (2) was reacted with compounds 24a,b,c to afford pyrimidine derivatives 25a,b,c. The structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed using IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and mass spectrometry techniques. Compounds 11 and 19 have promising as analgesic and antipyretic activities
Assuntos
Piridinas/análise , Pirimidinas/agonistas , Pirróis , Tiofenos/análise , Cumarínicos/análise , Antipiréticos , Analgésicos/classificaçãoRESUMO
ABSTRACT Background Shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) is the first line treatment modality for a significant proportion of patients with upper urinary tracts stones. Simple analgesics, opioids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are all suitable agents but the relative efficacy and tolerability of these agents is uncertain. Objectives To determine the efficacy of the different types of analgesics used for the control of pain during SWL for urinary stones. Materials and Methods We searched the Cochrane Renal Group’s Specialised Register, MEDLINE, EMBASE and also hand-searched reference lists of relevant articles (Figure-1). Randomised controlled trials (RCT’s) comparing the use of any opioid, simple analgesic or NSAID during SWL were included. These were compared with themselves, each-other or placebo. We included any route or form of administration (bolus, PCA). We excluded agents that were used for their sedative qualities. Data were extracted and assessed for quality independently by three reviewers. Meta-analyses have been performed where possible. When not possible, descriptive analyses of variables were performed. Dichotomous outcomes are reported as relative risk (RR) and measurements on continuous scales are reported as weighted mean differences (WMD) with 95% confidence intervals. Results Overall, we included 9 RCTs (539 participants from 6 countries). Trial agents included 7 types of NSAIDs, 1 simple analgesic and 4 types of opioids. There were no significant differences in clinical efficacy or tolerability between a simple analgesic (paracetamol) and an NSAID (lornoxicam). When comparing the same simple analgesic with an opioid (tramadol), both agents provided safe and effective analgesia for the purpose of SWL with no significant differences. There were no significant differences in pain scores between NSAIDs or opioids in three studies. Adequate analgesia could be achieved more often for opioids than for NSAIDs (RR 0.358; 95% CI 043 to 0.77, P=0.0002) but consumed doses of rescue analgesia were similar between NSAIDs and opioids in two studies (P=0.58, >0.05). In terms of tolerability, there is no difference in post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) between the groups (RR 0.72, 95% CI 0.24 to 2.17, P=0.55). One study compared outcomes between two types of NSAIDs (diclofenac versus dexketoprofen). There were no significant differences in any of our pre-defined outcomes measures. Conclusion Simple analgesics, NSAIDs and opioids can all reduce the pain associated with shock wave lithotripsy to a level where the procedure is tolerated. Whilst there are no compelling differences in safety or efficacy of simple analgesics and NSAIDs, analgesia is described as adequate more often for opioids than NSAIDs.
Assuntos
Humanos , Litotripsia/efeitos adversos , Cálculos Urinários/cirurgia , Analgesia/métodos , Analgésicos/administração & dosagem , Analgésicos Opioides/administração & dosagem , Dor Pós-Operatória/tratamento farmacológico , Analgésicos/classificaçãoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) is the first line treatment modality for a significant proportion of patients with upper urinary tracts stones. Simple analgesics, opioids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are all suitable agents but the relative efficacy and tolerability of these agents is uncertain. OBJECTIVES: To determine the efficacy of the different types of analgesics used for the control of pain during SWL for urinary stones. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Renal Group's Specialised Register, MEDLINE, EMBASE and also hand-searched reference lists of relevant articles (Figure-1). Randomised controlled trials (RCT's) comparing the use of any opioid, simple analgesic or NSAID during SWL were included. These were compared with themselves, each-other or placebo. We included any route or form of administration (bolus, PCA). We excluded agents that were used for their sedative qualities. Data were extracted and assessed for quality independently by three reviewers. Meta-analyses have been performed where possible. When not possible, descriptive analyses of variables were performed. Dichotomous outcomes are reported as relative risk (RR) and measurements on continuous scales are reported as weighted mean differences (WMD) with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: Overall, we included 9 RCTs (539 participants from 6 countries). Trial agents included 7 types of NSAIDs, 1 simple analgesic and 4 types of opioids. There were no significant differences in clinical efficacy or tolerability between a simple analgesic (paracetamol) and an NSAID (lornoxicam). When comparing the same simple analgesic with an opioid (tramadol), both agents provided safe and effective analgesia for the purpose of SWL with no significant differences. There were no significant differences in pain scores between NSAIDs or opioids in three studies. Adequate analgesia could be achieved more often for opioids than for NSAIDs (RR 0.358; 95% CI 043 to 0.77, P=0.0002) but consumed doses of rescue analgesia were similar between NSAIDs and opioids in two studies (P=0.58, >0.05). In terms of tolerability, there is no difference in post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) between the groups (RR 0.72, 95% CI 0.24 to 2.17, P=0.55). One study compared outcomes between two types of NSAIDs (diclofenac versus dexketoprofen). There were no significant differences in any of our pre-defined outcomes measures. CONCLUSION: Simple analgesics, NSAIDs and opioids can all reduce the pain associated with shock wave lithotripsy to a level where the procedure is tolerated. Whilst there are no compelling differences in safety or efficacy of simple analgesics and NSAIDs, analgesia is described as adequate more often for opioids than NSAIDs.
Assuntos
Analgesia/métodos , Analgésicos Opioides/administração & dosagem , Analgésicos/administração & dosagem , Litotripsia/efeitos adversos , Cálculos Urinários/cirurgia , Analgésicos/classificação , Humanos , Dor Pós-Operatória/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
La curcumina es una sustancia derivada de una planta llamada Curcuma longa. A esta sustancia se le han atribuido diversos efectos terapéuticos. En relación con la clínica dental, se ha observado que, además de ayudaren el control del dolor, ha sido efectiva contra la periodontitis, estomatitis y mucositis pediátrica. El control del dolor e inflamación son aspectos muy importantes para la mayoría de los tratamientos en odontología; la búsqueda de nuevas alternativas analgésicas y antiinflamatorias que, en comparación con las actuales, sean más eficientes, efectivas y tengan menos efectos colaterales es uno de los grandes retos de las ciencias biomédicas. La presente revisión muestra algunas evidencias científicas de los efectos de la curcumina como un antiinflamatorio y analgésico, con el propósito de sentar las bases para futuros estudios clínicos y de ciencia básica que aporten un mayor entendimiento de los procesos celulares, bioquímicos, moleculares, fisiológicos y farmacológicos de la curcumina como una sustancia potencialmente útilen el consultorio dental.
Curcumin is a substance derived from the plant Curcuma longa andone that has been attributed a range of therapeutic eff ects. In dentalpractice, curcumin has not only been found to help with pain control, buthas also been eff ective against periodontitis, stomatitis, and pediatricmucositis. Controlling pain and infl ammation are both very importantaspects of most dental treatments. The search for more effi cient andeff ective analgesic and anti-infl ammatory alternatives with fewerside eff ects compared to those currently used is one of the greatestchallenges for biomedical science. This review presents some of thescientifi c evidence of the eff ects of curcumin, both as an analgesic andan anti-infl ammatory agent, in order to establish the foundations forfurther clinical and basic science studies that will provide a greaterunderstanding of the cellular, biochemical, molecular, physiological,and pharmacological processes of curcumin as a potentially usefulsubstance in dental practice.
Assuntos
Humanos , Analgésicos/classificação , Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/classificação , Curcumina/farmacologia , Curcumina/uso terapêutico , Antineoplásicos/classificação , Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Antissépticos Bucais/classificação , Antissépticos Bucais/uso terapêutico , Doenças Periodontais/tratamento farmacológico , Estomatite/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
ABSTRACT Seeds of Acacia farnesiana are commonly sold in the local markets of northeastern Brazil as a therapeutic agent. The present work aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of proteins obtained from A. farnesiana seeds. Five different protein fractions (albumin, globulin, prolamin, acidic and basic glutelins) were obtained and investigated for the protein pattern, the presence of hemagglutinating and proteolytic activities. The globulin fraction (GLB) was also evaluated for anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities. Globulins reduced the paw edema induced by carrageenan in a dose-dependent manner, which was accompanied by a reduction of myeloperoxidase activity (p < 0.05). Additionally, GLB reduced the neutrophil peritoneal migration induced by carrageenan. However, GLB was not able to inhibit the edema triggered by dextran. Pre-treatment with globulins reduced the abdominal constrictions induced by acetic acid as well as the paw licking time induced by formalin (69.1% at first phase). However, it did not produce a significant antinociceptive effect in the hot plate test (55-56 °C). Treating the GLB with heat (at 100 °C for 30 min) abolished its anti-edematogenic and hemagglutinating activities. Our results showed that seeds from A. farnesiana are a source of proteins with anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties.
RESUMO Sementes de Acacia farnesiana são comumente vendidas em feiras locais no nordeste do Brasil como agente terapêutico. O presente trabalho objetivou avaliar as atividades antiinflamatória e antinociceptiva de proteínas obtidas de sementes de A. farnesiana. Cinco frações protéicas distintas (albuminas, globulinas, prolaminas, glutelinas ácidas e básicas) foram obtidas e investigadas quanto o perfil de proteínas, presença de atividade hemaglutinante e proteolítica. A fração globulina (GLB) também foi avaliada quanto a presença de atividade antiinflamatória e analgésica. Globulinas reduziram o edema de pata induzido por carragenina de modo dependente da dose que foi acompanhada da redução da atividade da mieloperoxidase (p < 0,05). Em adição, GLB reduziu a migração de neutrófilos para cavidade peritoneal induzida por carragenina. Entretanto, GLB não foi capaz de inibir o edema induzido por dextrana. O pré-tratamento com globulinas reduziu as contorções abdominais induzidas por ácido acético, bem como o tempo de lambedura da pata induzida por formalina (69.1% na primeira fase). Por outro lado, GLB não produziu um efeito antinociceptivo significante no teste de placa quente (55-56 °C). O pré-tratamento de GLB com calor (100 °C por 30 min) aboliu sua atividade anti-edematogênica e hemaglutinante. Nossos resultados mostraram que sementes de A. farnesiana são fonte de proteínas com propriedades antiinflamatórias e analgésicas.