RESUMO

An adult specimen of Cavia aperea was transferred to the Wild Animal Practice, in the Department of Wildlife and Natural Environment, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, National University of Asunción. Fecal samples and necropsy samples revealed the presence of Paraspidodera uncinata in the digestive tract, and Gyropus ovalis. This is the first documented report of the presence of P. uncinata and G. ovalis in a wild specimen of Cavia aperea in Paraguay.

Assuntos

RESUMO

In the present study, we describe Oxysomatium brevispiculum n. sp. (Ascaridida: Cosmocercidae) parasitizing Amphisbaena alba Linnaeus (Squamata: Amphisbaenidae) in the municipality of Uberlândia, Cerrado Biome, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Oxysomatium brevispiculum n. sp. differs from its congeners by having shorter spicules and by the number and arrangement of caudal papillae. The males of the new species have a precloacal unpaired papilla and can be easily distinguished from O. caucasicum in which this morphological trait is absent. Oxysomatium brevispiculum n. sp. differs from the other three species of the genus by the number and arrangement of caudal papillae, with 13 pairs + 1 unpaired precloacal papilla, arrangement 8+1:2:3, while O. brevicaudatum has 14-16 pairs +1 unpaired papilla, and 7-9+1:1:6 arrangement, O. petrolinensis has 16 pairs +1 unpaired papilla, and 8+1:1:7 arrangement, and O. dollfusi with 15-16 pairs +1 unpaired papilla, and 8-9+1:1:6 arrangement. Oxysomatium brevispiculum n. sp. is the fifth species of this genus, the second species in a Neotropical host, and the first species of this genus described in amphisbaenid hosts. In addition, the present study provides an identification key for the species of this genus.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Nematodes of the genus Aplectana Railliet & Henry, 1916 are common parasites of the digestive tract of amphibians and reptiles in the Neotropical region. During a parasite survey on Boana boans (Linnaeus, 1758), we found specimens of nematodes with Aplectana characteristics. We observed a set of characteristics that differs the species of our study from its congeners, and the present study describes a new species of Aplectana parasite of B. boans using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Aplectana pella n. sp. has lateral alae and somatic papillae in males and females; males have equal short spicules, and the gubernaculum is absent. The arrangement of pairs of caudal papillae also differs from other species (2 precloacal,1 adcloacal, and 5 postcloacal+1 unpaired). In females, the vulva is simple, with non-prominent lips, and equatorial. This is the first record of the genus Aplectana parasitizing B. boans and the 58th species described for this genus. Additionally, we added the precloacal papillae pattern of A. delirae, and based on morphological and morphometric characteristics, we propose the reallocation of Aplectana longa to the genus Oxyascaris.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Peltocephalus dumerilianus (Schweigger) is a diurnal freshwater turtle widely distributed in the Orinoco and Amazon River basins in Brazil, Colombia, Peru, Ecuador, Venezuela, and French Guiana. During a helminthological survey of freshwater turtles from the Brazilian Amazon, numerous nematodes with characteristics of the genus Orientatractis Petter, 1966 were recovered from the stomach of Peltocephalus dumerilianus. These nematodes were different from all congeneric species, and we describe herein. Orientatractis bowseri n. sp. differs from all known species of the genus by having dorsal cuticular projections on the posterior region of the females, distribution of caudal papillae and by having papilla-like ornamentations on the cuticle distributed from the mid-esophagus to the mid portion of the body. This study represents the fourth specie of the genus Orientatractis reported in Brazil, the seventh species of Orientatractis in the Neotropical region, and the third found infecting freshwater turtles in Brazil.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Baetidae is one of the most taxon-rich families in the order Ephemeroptera, and the most studied mayfly in Brazil. Despite recent advances, the vast majority of the Brazilian territory has not yet had its diversity well documented. Some of these critical gaps are in the South-Western Amazon, with emphasis on the state of Rondônia due to the high level of environmental threat (especially deforestation). In the state, only one small survey was carried out 11 years ago. Given this scenario, the objective of this study is to describe two new species and provide access to primary biodiversity data of the family Baetidae in Rondônia. As a result, two new species, Baetodes vermelho sp. nov. and Baetodes cerejeiras sp. nov., are described. Baetodes vermelho sp. nov. can be differentiated from other species by the presence of robust and pointed setae on the dorsal margin of the femora and coxal gills with medial constriction; Baetodes cerejeiras sp. nov. can be differentiated from B. liviae Polegatto & Salles, 2008 (in Salles & Polegatto, 2008) and B. capixaba Souza, Salles & Nessimian, 2011 by the absence of a tubercle on the metanotum, the presence of small blunt setae on the dorsal arc of the labrum, and less prominent tubercles on the abdomen. We have documented 50 species across 54 sites in the Rondônia. Among these, 18 species are being reported for the first time in the state, three species are recorded for the first time in the north of Brazil, and two species are new records for Brazil. Rondônia is the most speciose state in Brazil regarding the family Baetidae.

Assuntos

RESUMO

The monotypic genus PneumoatractisBursey, Reavill, and Greiner, 2009 was erected to allocate nematodes collected from the lungs of the freshwater turtle Podocnemis unifilis Troschel. During a helminthological survey of parasites from freshwater turtles of Tocantins and Xingu rivers, Pará State, eastern Amazon, Brazil, we found nematodes parasitizing the stomach and large intestine of Po. unifilis and Podocnemis expansa Schweigger. We assigned them to a new species of Pneumoatractis, which is described herein. Pneumoatractis gibbonsae n. sp. resembles Pneumoatractis podocnemis by the morphology of the oral opening, the position of the excretory pore, and the lanceolate shape of the spicules, but differs from it in males by having 10 pairs of caudal papillae plus 1 unpaired anterior to cloacal lip, different length of the right spicule, and short gubernaculum; it differs in females by the distances of vulva and anus from the posterior end respectively. We found the new species in a different infection site from that of the type species. Thus, this is the second species of Pneumoatractis described in Po. unifilis and the first in Po. expansa.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Cosmocercoides Wilkie, 1930 are gastrointestinal parasites commonly found in amphibians and reptiles, with 4 species reported from the Neotropical region. In the present study, a new species of Cosmocercoides, namely Cosmocercoides amapari n. sp. is described using integrated approaches such as light and scanning microscopy, and DNA sequencing of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene. The specimens were collected from the large intestine of 3 species of hylid frogs in Amapá, Brazil. The new species can be distinguished from its congeners by morphological traits, including the pattern of caudal papillae, absence of the gubernaculum, 2 poorly sclerotized spicules, presence of lateral alae and somatic papillae along the body. In addition, our molecular analyses and phylogenetic reconstructions strongly support the status of the new taxon, which clustered poorly with a large clade of Cosmocerca spp. Cosmocercoides amapari n. sp. is the 29th species of the genus, the 5th from the Neotropical region, the third reported in Brazil, the second described from the Amazon region and the first belonging to the Neotropical region with molecular data.

Assuntos

RESUMO

The demand for ornamental fish has increased in recent years in Brazil, however, the aquatic environment of artificial breeders facilitates the invasion of pathogens, including parasitic zoonoses, which are a limiting factor for production causing economic losses in creations. Knowledge of the distribution of agents causing parasitic diseases is important so that we can intervene in breeders, therefore, the objective of the present work is to report the occurrence of infection by Eustrongylides sp. (Nematoda: Eustrongylidae) in Polypterus endlicherii (Polypteriformes: Polypteridae) in central Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The nematode was identified after being released a cyst in the scales, of a fish of the species P. endlicherii. It can be concluded that this is the first record of the occurrence of Eustrongylides sp. larvae in fish in Rio Grande do Sul, showing that the parasite is present in the central region of the state. Therefore, further studies should be carried out in order to verify the presence of the parasites in fish intended for human consumption. It should also be noted the need to be more careful when feeding fish with oligochaetes, especially those intended for human consumption.

A criação de peixes para ornamentação teve sua demanda aumentada nos últimos anos no Brasil, no entanto, o ambiente aquático dos criatórios artificiais facilita a invasão por agentes patogênicos, incluindo zoonoses parasitárias, que são um fator limitante para produção causando perdas econômicas nas criações. O conhecimento da distribuição de agentes causadores de enfermidades parasitárias é importante para que se possa intervir nos criatórios, portanto, o objetivo do presente trabalho é relatar a ocorrência da infecção por larva de Eustrongylides sp. (Nematoda: Eustrongylidae) em Polypterus endlicherii (Polypteriformes: Polypteridae) na região central do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. O nematódeo foi identificado após ser liberado de um cisto nas escamas, de um peixe da espécie P. endlicherii. Pode-se concluir que este é o primeiro registro da ocorrência de larvas de Eustrongylides sp. em peixes no Rio Grande do Sul, evidenciando que o parasito está presente na região central do estado. Portanto, mais estudos devem ser realizados a fim de verificar a presença dos parasitos em peixes destinados ao consumo humano. Salienta-se ainda, a necessidade de se ter maior cuidado ao alimentar peixes com oligoquetas, principalmente os destinados para alimentação humana.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Aelurostrongylosis, caused by the metastrongylid nematode Aelurostrongylus abstrusus, is an underestimated feline respiratory disease. Cats infected by A. abstrusus may show subclinical to severe clinical signs. Aelurostrongylus abstrusus has a worldwide distribution. Nevertheless, studies on this parasite in Brazil are scarce, and most have been conducted in the southern regions. This study investigated the occurrence of A. abstrusus in cats in Vilhena, Rondônia, Brazil, from April 2020 to February 2021. Three consecutive individual fecal samples from 101 cats were examined using Baermann and Hoffman tests. Two cats (1.98%) scored positive for A. abstrusus, one with the Baermann examination, and one with the Hoffman technique. No other lungworms were retrieved. The clinicopathological and epizootiological implications are described and discussed.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Amphibians are a widespread Chordata taxon and are important for maintaining the balance of both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Brazil has a rich amphibian fauna; however, little is known about the role of their ecology and phylogenetic relationships during the assembly processes of associated endoparasite communities. Herein, we describe an endoparasite community in an anuran assemblage in the Caatinga, a unique biome of dry forests in north-eastern Brazil. We studied endoparasite diversity, as well as the effects of body length, body mass, body volume and sex on parasite abundance. We also investigated the influence of ecological and historical factors and anuran microhabitat use on endoparasite composition. We analysed individuals from 13 anuran species distributed across five families: Odontophrynidae (Proceratophrys cristiceps); Leptodactylidae (Leptodactylus fuscus, Leptodactylus vastus, Leptodactylus macrosternum, Leptodactylus troglodytes and Physalaemus cuvieri); Hylidae (Pithecopus gonzagai, Scinax x-signatus, Boana raniceps and Dendropsophus nanus); Bufonidae (Rhinella diptycha and Rhinella granulosa); and Microhylidae (Dermatonotus muelleri). We found nine species of endoparasites, including seven nematodes (Aplectana membranosa, Cosmocerca sp., Oswaldocruzia mazzai, Raillietnema spectans, Rhabdias fuelleborni, Schrankiana sp. and Physaloptera sp.), one species of Trematoda (Glypthelmins pseudium) and one non-identified cestode. There was no significant relationship between endoparasite abundance and host body length, body mass, body volume and sex. A phylogenetic principal component analysis showed that ecological factors had a greater influence on endoparasite assemblage than historical factors. Similarly, our results showed that ecological factors had a greater influence on anuran microhabitat use compared to historical factors, which contributed to the generalist characteristics presented by most of the sampled endoparasite species.

Assuntos