RESUMO
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Candida biofilms on denture surfaces are substantially reduced after a single immersion in denture cleanser. However, whether this effect is maintained when dentures are immersed in cleanser daily is unclear. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the daily use of enzymatic cleanser on Candida albicans biofilms on denture base materials. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The surfaces of polyamide and poly(methyl methacrylate) resin specimens (n=54) were standardized and divided into 12 groups (n=9 per group), according to study factors (material type, treatment type, and periods of treatment). Candida albicans biofilms were allowed to form over 72 hours, after which the specimens were treated with enzymatic cleanser once daily for 1, 4, or 7 days. Thereafter, residual biofilm was ultrasonically removed and analyzed for viable cells (colony forming units/mm(2)) and enzymatic activity (phospholipase, aspartyl-protease, and hemolysin). Factors that interfered with the response variables were analyzed by 3-way ANOVA with the Holm-Sidak multiple comparison method (α=.05). RESULTS: Polyamide resin presented more viable cells of Candida albicans (P<.001) for both the evaluated treatment types and periods. Although enzymatic cleansing significantly (P<.001) reduced viable cells, daily use did not maintain this reduction (P<.001). Phospholipase activity significantly increased with time (P<.001) for both materials and treatments. However, poly(methyl methacrylate) based resin (P<.001) and enzymatic cleansing treatment (P<.001) contributed to lower phospholipase activity. Aspartyl-protease and hemolysin activities were not influenced by study factors (P>.05). CONCLUSIONS: Although daily use of an enzymatic cleanser reduced the number of viable cells and phospholipase activity, this treatment was not effective against residual biofilm over time.
Assuntos
Biofilmes/efeitos dos fármacos , Candida albicans/efeitos dos fármacos , Materiais Dentários/química , Higienizadores de Dentadura/uso terapêutico , Nylons/química , Polimetil Metacrilato/química , Ácido Aspártico Proteases/análise , Boratos/uso terapêutico , Candida albicans/enzimologia , Contagem de Colônia Microbiana , Película Dentária/microbiologia , Proteínas Hemolisinas/análise , Humanos , Imersão , Teste de Materiais , Viabilidade Microbiana/efeitos dos fármacos , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura , Fosfolipases/análise , Método Simples-Cego , Sulfatos/uso terapêutico , Propriedades de Superfície , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the fracture resistance of teeth submitted to several internal bleaching protocols using 35% hydrogen peroxide (35HP), 37% carbamide peroxide (37CP), 15% hydrogen peroxide with titanium dioxide nanoparticles (15HPTiO2) photoactivated by LED-laser or sodium perborate (SP). MATERIALS AND METHODS: After endodontic treatment, fifty bovine extracted teeth were divided into five groups (n = 10): G1-unbleached; G2-35HP; G3-37CP; G4-15HPTiO2 photoactivated by LED-laser and G5-SP. In the G2 and G4, the bleaching protocol was applied in 4 sessions, with 7 days intervals between each session. In the G3 and G5, the materials were kept in the pulp teeth for 21 days, but replaced every 7 days. After 21 days, the teeth were subjected to compressive load at a cross head speed of 0.5 mm/min, applied at 135° to the long axis of the root using an eletromechanical testing machine, until teeth fracture. The data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey tests (α = 5%). RESULTS: The 35HP, 37CP, 15HPTiO2 and SP showed similar fracture resistance teeth reduction (p > 0.05). All bleaching treatments reduced the fracture resistance compared to unbleached teeth (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: All bleaching protocols reduced the fracture resistance of endodontically-treated teeth, but there were no differences between each other. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: There are several internal bleaching protocols using hydrogen peroxide in different concentrations and activation methods. This study evaluated its effects on fracture resistance in endodontically-treated teeth.
Assuntos
Cavidade Pulpar/efeitos dos fármacos , Clareadores Dentários/uso terapêutico , Clareamento Dental/métodos , Fraturas dos Dentes/fisiopatologia , Animais , Boratos/uso terapêutico , Peróxido de Carbamida , Bovinos , Análise do Estresse Dentário/instrumentação , Peróxido de Hidrogênio/uso terapêutico , Terapia com Luz de Baixa Intensidade , Teste de Materiais , Nanopartículas , Peróxidos/uso terapêutico , Fármacos Fotossensibilizantes/uso terapêutico , Distribuição Aleatória , Tratamento do Canal Radicular/métodos , Estresse Mecânico , Fatores de Tempo , Titânio/uso terapêutico , Ureia/análogos & derivados , Ureia/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness of ultrasonic activation of bleaching agents during ex vivo internal bleaching. METHODOLOGY: Fifty canine human teeth were artificially stained, root filled and divided into five groups (n = 10) that received SP - sodium perborate plus deionized water (control group), CP - 37% carbamide peroxide gel, CPUS - 37% carbamide peroxide gel plus ultrasonic application, HP - 35% hydrogen peroxide gel or HPUS - 35% hydrogen peroxide gel plus ultrasonic application. In groups CP and HP, the bleaching agent was left inside the pulp chamber for three applications of 10 min. In groups CPUS and HPUS, the same process was performed, but ultrasonic vibration was applied to the bleaching agent by an alloy tip for 30 s, with 30 s intervals. Two sessions were performed. The colour was measured initially and after each session by an intraoral dental spectrophotometer. The variation (Δ) of the colour parameters based on the CIELab system L*, a* and b*, and the colour alteration ΔE* were calculated after first and second section. Data were analysed by one-way anova and Tukey's test. RESULTS: There was no significant difference amongst groups for ΔL*, Δa* and ΔE*, but there was a significant difference for Δb* in the first and second sessions (P = 0.0006 and 0.0016, respectively). After the first session, Δb* was significantly greater for groups HP and HPUS, without a significant difference between them. For the second session, group HPUS had the greatest Δb* values, but they were similar to groups HP and SP; group CP had the lowest values, which were similar to groups CPUS and SP. CONCLUSION: Ultrasonic activation of bleaching agents during ex vivo internal bleaching was no more effective than conventional internal bleaching procedures, without activation.
Assuntos
Dente Canino/efeitos dos fármacos , Sonicação , Clareadores Dentários/uso terapêutico , Clareamento Dental/métodos , Boratos/uso terapêutico , Peróxido de Carbamida , Cor , Dente Canino/patologia , Cavidade Pulpar/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Peróxido de Hidrogênio/uso terapêutico , Teste de Materiais , Peróxidos/uso terapêutico , Saliva Artificial/química , Espectrofotometria/métodos , Fatores de Tempo , Descoloração de Dente/tratamento farmacológico , Ureia/análogos & derivados , Ureia/uso terapêutico , Vibração/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: This article discusses the relationship between apical limit of root canal filling and success on endodontic treatment of a mandibular molar. STUDY DESIGN: A mandibular right first molar with vital pulp was endodontically treated, and 3 years later periapical lesions on mesial and distal roots were detected. The canals were retreated and obturated to the same levels as in the previous treatment. RESULTS: An 8-year radiographic follow-up showed repair of the periapical lesions on both roots. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that the apical limit of obturation seems to have no influence in the repair of periapical tissues in mandibular molars.
Assuntos
Cavidade Pulpar/patologia , Dente Molar/patologia , Materiais Restauradores do Canal Radicular/uso terapêutico , Ápice Dentário/patologia , Adulto , Sulfato de Bário/uso terapêutico , Bismuto/uso terapêutico , Boratos/uso terapêutico , Combinação de Medicamentos , Eugenol/uso terapêutico , Seguimentos , Guta-Percha/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Masculino , Mandíbula , Doenças Periapicais/diagnóstico por imagem , Radiografia , Resinas Sintéticas/uso terapêutico , Retratamento , Obturação do Canal Radicular/métodos , Preparo de Canal Radicular/métodos , Dente não Vital/terapia , Resultado do Tratamento , Cicatrização , Óxido de Zinco/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness of a denture cleanser in reducing the concentration of volatile sulphur compounds (VSC) and its antimicrobial action. BACKGROUND: Micro-organisms from the denture biofilm can cause local and systemic disease and halitosis. Denture cleansers are important adjuncts in oral care, but there is limited investigation on their effect in malodour compounds. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Nineteen institutionalised elderly who wore at least an upper denture were selected; their VSC concentrations were measured and the denture biofilm was collected. In phase 1, the subjects wore their old denture and data were collected before (B0) and after 7(A1), 14(A2), 28(A3) days of continuous daily use of the denture cleanser. In phase 2, new dentures were inserted and measurements were made at 30(A1.1), 60(A2.2), 90(A3.3) days of treatment. RESULTS: The VSC concentration increased from B0 to A1 (p<0.05), but no differences were found for the others intervals of times. Total micro-organism data did not show a statistical difference between times in Phase I, but in Phase II, there was a statistical difference (p<0.05) and a progressive re-colonisation was observed. CONCLUSION: Within the limits of this study, it was concluded that the denture cleanser had no antimicrobial effect and VSC levels were not reduced.
Assuntos
Biofilmes/efeitos dos fármacos , Higienizadores de Dentadura/uso terapêutico , Dentaduras , Halitose/prevenção & controle , Institucionalização , Compostos de Enxofre/análise , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Bactérias/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Carga Bacteriana , Boratos/uso terapêutico , Prótese Total Superior/microbiologia , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Assistência de Longa Duração , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Effective cleaning of dentures is important for the maintenance of good oral hygiene for denture stomatitis patients. The in vivo efficacy of three different brands of alkaline peroxide tablets (Polident, Efferdent, and Fittydent) and two mouthwashes (CloSYS II and Corsodyl) to eliminate Candida albicans on dentures was evaluated in this in vivo study. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Ninety denture wearers with clinical evidence of denture stomatitis were randomly divided into 5 test groups and 1 control group. Each group was further divided into three subgroups in which the dentures were subjected to 15-, 30-, and 60-min disinfection procedures. The dentures of each test group were treated with one of the cleaners, while those of the control group were treated with distilled water. Swab samples from the palatal surfaces (2 cm x 2 cm template delimited area) of the upper dentures were obtained before and after 15, 30, and 60 min periods of cleaner use and examined mycologically. RESULTS: The reduction in the number of colony-forming units (CFU) of C. albicans before, and after 15, 30, and 60 min of use of CloSYS II and Corsodyl was significantly greater than that of the control group (p<0.05). Moreover, there was no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) among Polident, Efferdent and the control group in any of the treatment periods. Dentures treated with Fittydent appeared to have a significantly greater reduction in the number of Candida spp. only after 60 min of treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study showed that the use of mouthwashes significantly reduced the number of microorganisms on dentures.
Assuntos
Anti-Infecciosos Locais/uso terapêutico , Candida albicans/efeitos dos fármacos , Candidíase Bucal/tratamento farmacológico , Higienizadores de Dentadura/uso terapêutico , Antissépticos Bucais/uso terapêutico , Peróxidos/uso terapêutico , Estomatite sob Prótese/microbiologia , Idoso , Boratos/uso terapêutico , Clorexidina/análogos & derivados , Clorexidina/uso terapêutico , Contagem de Colônia Microbiana , Prótese Total Superior/microbiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Sulfatos/uso terapêutico , Comprimidos , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Effective cleaning of dentures is important for the maintenance of good oral hygiene for denture stomatitis patients. The in vivo efficacy of three different brands of alkaline peroxide tablets (Polident, Efferdent, and Fittydent) and two mouthwashes (CloSYS II and Corsodyl) to eliminate Candida albicans on dentures was evaluated in this in vivo study. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Ninety denture wearers with clinical evidence of denture stomatitis were randomly divided into 5 test groups and 1 control group. Each group was further divided into three subgroups in which the dentures were subjected to 15-, 30-, and 60-min disinfection procedures. The dentures of each test group were treated with one of the cleaners, while those of the control group were treated with distilled water. Swab samples from the palatal surfaces (2 cm x 2 cm template delimited area) of the upper dentures were obtained before and after 15, 30, and 60 min periods of cleaner use and examined mycologically. RESULTS: The reduction in the number of colony-forming units (CFU) of C. albicans before, and after 15, 30, and 60 min of use of CloSYS II and Corsodyl was significantly greater than that of the control group (p<0.05). Moreover, there was no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) among Polident, Efferdent and the control group in any of the treatment periods. Dentures treated with Fittydent appeared to have a significantly greater reduction in the number of Candida spp. only after 60 min of treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study showed that the use of mouthwashes significantly reduced the number of microorganisms on dentures.
Assuntos
Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Anti-Infecciosos Locais/uso terapêutico , Candida albicans/efeitos dos fármacos , Candidíase Bucal/tratamento farmacológico , Higienizadores de Dentadura/uso terapêutico , Antissépticos Bucais/uso terapêutico , Peróxidos/uso terapêutico , Estomatite sob Prótese/microbiologia , Boratos/uso terapêutico , Contagem de Colônia Microbiana , Clorexidina/análogos & derivados , Clorexidina/uso terapêutico , Prótese Total Superior/microbiologia , Sulfatos/uso terapêutico , Comprimidos , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The aim was to evaluate the bleaching efficacy of sodium perborate/37% carbamide peroxide paste and traditional sodium perborate/distilled water for intracoronal bleaching. STUDY DESIGN: Thirty patients with dark anterior teeth were divided into 2 groups (n = 15): group A: sodium perborate/distilled water; and group B: sodium perborate/37% carbamide peroxide paste. The bleaching treatment limited each patient to the maximum of 4 changes of the bleaching agent. Initial and final color shades were measured using the Vita Lumin shade guide. RESULTS: Data was analyzed with Wilcoxon test for initial and final comparison according to the bleaching agent, demonstrating efficacy of the bleaching treatment with both agents. Mann-Whitney test was used for comparison of the efficacy of the bleaching agents, showing that there was no significant difference between them. CONCLUSION: The sodium perborate/37% carbamide peroxide association for intracoronal bleaching has proven to be as effective as sodium perborate/distilled water.
Assuntos
Boratos/uso terapêutico , Oxidantes/uso terapêutico , Peróxidos/uso terapêutico , Clareamento Dental/métodos , Dente não Vital , Ureia/análogos & derivados , Adolescente , Adulto , Peróxido de Carbamida , Método Duplo-Cego , Combinação de Medicamentos , Feminino , Géis , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Ureia/uso terapêutico , Água , Adulto JovemRESUMO
AIM: To evaluate ex vivo effectiveness of the three formulations of bleaching materials for intracoronal bleaching of root filled teeth using the walking bleach technique. METHODOLOGY: Extracted premolar teeth were stained artificially with human blood. After biomechanical preparation, the root canals were filled and a 3-mm thick intermediate base of zinc phosphate cement was placed at the level of the cementoenamel junction. The teeth were divided into four groups (n = 12): C (control, without bleaching material), A1 (sodium perborate + distilled water), A2 (sodium perborate + 10% carbamide peroxide) and A3 (sodium perborate + 35% carbamide peroxide). The bleaching materials were changed at 7 and 14 days. Evaluation of shade was undertaken with aid of the VITA Easyshadetrade mark (DeltaE*ab) and was performed after tooth staining and at 7, 14 and 21 days after bleaching, based on the CIELAB system. Data were analysed by anova for repeated measurements, Tukey and Dunnett tests (alpha = 0.05). RESULTS: The Tukey test revealed that group A1 (10.58 +/- 4.83 DeltaE*ab) was statistically different from the others (A2, 19.57 +/- 4.72 DeltaE*ab and A3, 17.58 +/- 3.33 DeltaE*ab), which were not different from each other. At 7 days: A1 was significantly different from A2; at 14 and 21 days: A2 and A3 were significantly better than A1; the Dunnett test revealed that the control group was different from A1, A2 and A3 at all periods (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Sodium perborate associated with both 10% and 35% carbamide peroxide was more effective than when associated with distilled water.
Assuntos
Manchas de Sangue , Cavidade Pulpar/efeitos dos fármacos , Peróxido de Hidrogênio , Tratamento do Canal Radicular/métodos , Clareamento Dental/métodos , Descoloração de Dente/tratamento farmacológico , Análise de Variância , Dente Pré-Molar , Boratos/uso terapêutico , Peróxido de Carbamida , Permeabilidade da Dentina/efeitos dos fármacos , Combinação de Medicamentos , Humanos , Peróxido de Hidrogênio/uso terapêutico , Técnicas In Vitro , Estudos Longitudinais , Peróxidos/uso terapêutico , Materiais Restauradores do Canal Radicular/efeitos adversos , Obturação do Canal Radicular/métodos , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Fatores de Tempo , Descoloração de Dente/etiologia , Dente não Vital/terapia , Ureia/análogos & derivados , Ureia/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
Treatment of darkened teeth in children is of great importance from an esthetic-functional point of view and for the psychoemotional development of the child. The objective of the present study was to determine the in vitro efficacy of three bleaching agents for whitening of artificially stained primary teeth. Fifty anterior primary teeth were artificially stained and then divided into three experimental groups (n = 15) submitted to bleaching treatment with 35% hydrogen peroxide gel, 35% carbamide peroxide gel, and 35% carbamide peroxide gel mixed with sodium perborate powder. The control group (n = 5) was not submitted to any bleaching treatment. Color changes were evaluated with a reflectance spectrophotometer and possible alterations in the enamel surface after bleaching were measured by Vickers microhardness testing. The data were assessed using the Student's t test. The results confirmed the bleaching action of the three agents tested. No significant difference in mean microhardness was observed between the three bleaching agents when compared to the control group.