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Objetivo: Analizar las principales alteraciones electrocardiográficas en pacientes con Enfermedad de Chagas que asistieron al Hospital José Rangel de Villa de Cura Edo. Aragua, entre los años 1998 -2008. Se realizó una revisión de historias clínicas y electrocardiogramas de la Unidad de Archivos del Hospital José Rangel de Villa de Cura. La población estuvo conformada por 85 pacientes con enfermedad de Chagas que asistieron al Hospital José Rangel de Villa de Cura entre los años 1998 - 2008. De ellos, 64 % de los pacientes tuvo edades comprendidas entre los 60 a 84 años, a predominio del sexo masculino en 55%. El trastorno de conducción más frecuente fue el bloqueo de rama (52,9%), principalmente bloqueo de rama derecha; El trastorno del ritmo más frecuente fue fibrilación auricular (55.3%), principalmente fibrilación auricular con respuesta ventricular rápida. También se observó extrasístole ventricular, bradicardia sinusal, arritmia ventricular, y otras alteraciones electrocardiográficas, principalmente alteraciones del segmento ST, alteraciones de la onda P y bajo voltaje. Las principales patologías cardiovasculares fueron: hipertensión arterial (49,4 %), insuficiencia cardíaca (57,6) enfermedad cerebrovascular (22,4%). Los medicamentos más utilizados fueron Ácido acetilsalicílico (60%), (55,3%), Digoxina (35,6%), Amiodarona (29,4%), Furosemida (57,3%), Espironolactona (31,8%), Captopril (44,7%), Enalapril (22,4%) y Clonidina (20%). solo 4,7% ameritó el uso de marcapasos. Metodología: La investigación se enmarca como un estudio epidemiológico descriptivo de corte transversal. Conclusiones: Se concluye que en estos pacientes la presencia de fibrilación auricular fue levemente más frecuente que el bloqueo de rama, con alta frecuencia de hipertensión arterial e insuficiencia cardíaca, indicando grave compromiso cardíaco y mal pronóstico.

Objective: To analyze the electrocardiographic changes in patients with Chagas disease who attended the Hospital José Rangel de Villa de Cura Edo. Aragua, between the years 1998 -2008. Clinical records and electrocardiograms in the archives unit were reviewed. The population consisted of 85 patients with Chagas disease who attended the Hospital José Rangel of Villa de Cura between the years 1998 to 2008. Of these, 64% of patients were aged 60-84 years, 55% of patients were male. Branch block disorder was the most frequent (52,9%), with predominance of right bundle branch block (31,7%), Atrial fibrillation was the most common rhythm disorder (55,3%), with predominance of atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular response. (3,7%) was also observed ventricular extrasystole, sinus bradycardia, ventricular arrhythmia and other ECG abnormalities, particularly ST-segment abnormalities, alterations in the P wave and low voltage. The major cardiovascular diseases were: hypertension (49,4%), heart failure (57,6) cerebrovascular disease (22,4%). Acetylsalicylic acid was the drug most used (60%), and also Isosorbide (55,3%), Digoxin (35.6%), Amiodarone (29,4%), Furosemide (57,3%), Spironolactone (31,8%), Captopril (44,7%), Enalapril (22,4%) and Clonidine (20%). just 4,7% required the use of pacemakers. Methodology: The research was framed as cross sectional a descriptive epidemiological study. Conclusions: We conclude that in these patients the presence of atrial fibrillation was slightly more common than bundle branch block, with a high frequency of hypertension and heart failure, indicating severe heart failure and poor prognosis.

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Chagas disease, caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, is transmitted by triatomine bugs in endemic regions of the American continent and less frequently by blood transfusion and congenital transmission. Immigration rates explain why the disease can be found worldwide. Non-endemic countries that receive a significant amount of Latin American immigrants should be familiarized with the disease to allow prevention, diagnosis and early treatment. In Italy, where no serologic screening is routinely performed to detect Trypanosoma cruzi in blood donations, a special consideration must be held. Accordingly, attention to congenital transmissions of the disease should be drawn considering the lack of newborn screening. Though commonly unrecognized, chronic chagasic cardiomyopathy is the most common type of chronic myocarditis in the world.

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A prior publication from our group reported the fact that Chagas disease is underdiagnosed. This review will summarize several aspects of Chagas disease in the United States including modes of transmission, which will demonstrate that clinicians should be more aware of the disease and its consequences. Trypanosoma cruzi is present in many animal species spread throughout most of the United States. Chagas disease also reaches the North American continent through immigration, making it more frequent than expected. Apart from immigration, non-endemic countries should be aware of transmissions through blood transfusions, organ transplantations, or mother-to-child infections. In conclusion, it is possible that many chagasic cardiomyopathies are being misdiagnosed as "primary dilated idiopathic cardiomyopathies." Recognizing that there is an evident threat of Chagas disease present in the United States will allow an increase of clinician's awareness and hence will permit to correctly diagnose and treat this cardiomyopathy. Health authorities should guarantee a generalized screening of T cruzi of blood donors, before organ donations, and of pregnant women who were born or have lived in endemic areas.

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The aim of the study was to compare the degree of cardiac compromise between two patient groups infected with Chagas' disease, A) those permanently residing in endemic areas and B) those sporadically exposed to the parasite and indirectly (non-vector) infected (transfusion, mother-to-child transmission, etc.). The results show that patients sporadically infected presented a lower prevalence of cardiopathy, and when they do present cardiopathy, there is a lower prevalence of dilation when compared to infected patients residing in endemic areas. Also, the role of the parasite, number of reinfections, immunopathogenic mechanisms, quality of life and occupation are considered in the study of disease progression in each patient.

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El propósito de esta comunicación es presentar dos casos de enfermedad de Chagas en el grupo familiar de un caso índice, procedente de Arequipa región sudoccidental del Perú, el cual es una área endémica. El caso índice sufrió una muerte súbita por cardiomiopatía chagásica en una localidad sin triatominos del departamento de Ica. Su hermana y su sobrino mostraron anticuerpos IgG específicos contra Trypanosoma cruzi por Inmunoensayo Enzimático (ELISA) e Inmunofluorescencia Indirecta (IFI), ambos familiares tenían antecedentes de haber vivido en el valle endémico de Vítor (Arequipa). Nuestros resultados enfatizan la importancia de la investigación epidemiológica en el grupo familiar de un caso crónico en áreas de bajo riesgo

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Chagas disease was described in Mexico by Mazzotti in 1940. Post-transfusional cases have not been described. We report proved case of acute chagasic cardiopathy in a nine months old infant with suspected transfusional infection during neonatal period. She was treated with nifurtimox with disappearance of parasites and regression of cardiopathy. She is asymptomatic nine years afterwards with normal growth and negative parasitology and serology.

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