RESUMO

El Síndrome de Sengers es una enfermedad mitocondrial autosómica recesiva, producida por mutación del gen de la Acil-Glicerol Kinasa (AGK), recientemente descubierto. Se caracteriza por cataratas congénitas bilaterales, miocardiopatía hipertrófica y acidosis láctica. Puede tener miopatía esquelética leve, intolerancia al ejercicio y desarrollo mental normal. Los pacientes fallecen tempranamente debido a falla cardíaca. Dada la alta letalidad, lo infrecuente de este síndrome y la presencia de un diagnóstico confirmado, se presenta el caso clínico de 2 hermanos chilenos, fallecidos por la enfermedad, que se presentaron con el cuadro característico de cataratas congénitas bilaterales, miocardiopa-tía hipertrófica y acidosis láctica. El mayor, se operó las cataratas a los 4 meses de edad y falleció a la edad de 13 meses debido a falla cardíaca severa refractaria y falla orgánica múltiple, descompensado por una infección respiratoria. El menor se diagnosticó a los 3 meses de edad y se le confirmó la mutación del gen de AGK en Alemania. Se decidió no operarlo de las cataratas dado el mal pronóstico vital. Presentó progresión de la miocardiopatía hipertrófica y falleció súbitamente a los 8 meses de edad.

Senger's Syndrome is a recessive autosomal mitochondrial disease due to a recently discovered mutation of the Acyl-Glycerol Kinase (AGK) gen,. It is characterized by congenital bilateral cataracts, progressive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and lactic acidosis. It may present skeletal myopathy, exercise intolerance and usually normal mental development. Patients die early in life due to heart failure. The clinical cases of two brothers with a confirmed diagnosis of Senger's syndrome are reported. The older brother was operated on for cataracts at the age of 4 months and he died when he was 13 months old due to severe refractory heart failure and multi-organ failure, decompensated by a respiratory infection. The younger brother was diagnosed at 3 month of age and the AGK gene mutation was confirmed in Germany. Cataracts were not operated on due to the the patient's extremely poor prognosis. He had progressive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and died suddenly at 8 month of age.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity and polymorphism contribute significantly to the prognosis of patients with cardiomyopathy. The aim of this study was to determine the activity and type of ACE polymorphism in patients with familial and nonfamilial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and to correlate these with echocardiographic measurements (echo-Doppler). We studied 136 patients (76 males) with HCM (69 familial and 67 nonfamilial cases). Mean age was 41 ¡À 17 years. DNA was extracted from blood samples for the polymerase chain reaction and the determination of plasma ACE levels. Left ventricular mass, interventricular septum, and wall thickness were measured. Mean left ventricular mass index, interventricular septum and wall thickness in familial and nonfamilial forms were 154 ¡À 63 and 174 ¡À 57 g/m2 (P = 0.008), 19 ¡À 5 and 21 ¡À 5 mm (P = 0.02), and 10 ¡À 2 and 12 ¡À 3 mm (P = 0.0001), respectively. ACE genotype frequencies were DD = 35%, ID = 52%, and II = 13%. A positive association was observed between serum ACE activity and left ventricular mass index (P = 0.04). Logistic regression showed that ACE activity was twice as high in patients with familial HCM and left ventricular mass index ¡Ý190 g/m2 compared with the nonfamilial form (P = 0.02). No other correlation was observed between ACE polymorphisms and the degree of myocardial hypertrophy. In conclusion, ACE activity, but not ACE polymorphisms, was associated with the degree of myocardialhypertrophy in the patients with HCM.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity and polymorphism contribute significantly to the prognosis of patients with cardiomyopathy. The aim of this study was to determine the activity and type of ACE polymorphism in patients with familial and nonfamilial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and to correlate these with echocardiographic measurements (echo-Doppler). We studied 136 patients (76 males) with HCM (69 familial and 67 nonfamilial cases). Mean age was 41 +/- 17 years. DNA was extracted from blood samples for the polymerase chain reaction and the determination of plasma ACE levels. Left ventricular mass, interventricular septum, and wall thickness were measured. Mean left ventricular mass index, interventricular septum and wall thickness in familial and nonfamilial forms were 154 +/- 63 and 174 +/- 57 g/m(2) (P = 0.008), 19 +/- 5 and 21 +/- 5 mm (P = 0.02), and 10 +/- 2 and 12 +/- 3 mm (P = 0.0001), respectively. ACE genotype frequencies were DD = 35%, ID = 52%, and II = 13%. A positive association was observed between serum ACE activity and left ventricular mass index (P = 0.04). Logistic regression showed that ACE activity was twice as high in patients with familial HCM and left ventricular mass index >or=190 g/m(2) compared with the nonfamilial form (P = 0.02). No other correlation was observed between ACE polymorphisms and the degree of myocardial hypertrophy. In conclusion, ACE activity, but not ACE polymorphisms, was associated with the degree of myocardial hypertrophy in the patients with HCM.

Assuntos

RESUMO

We report the case of a young man first seen by is in 1989 at the age of 20 years. The diagnoses of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, Wolf-parkinson-White syndrome, congestive heart failure and pulmonary hypertension were made. One month later the patient had jaundice and hepatomegaly and a diagnosis of acute viral hepatitis A was established by laboratory findings. The ALT and AST levels were persistently elevated, seven times the normal mean, during six years. Two liver biopsies in 1991 and 1993 showed liver injury secondary to congestive heart failure (CHF) as the only abnormality. This case illustrates the importance of liver injury secondary to CHF as a cause of a marked and persistent increase of ALT and AST that resembles that of other liver diseases.

Assuntos