RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Post-burn hypertrophic scars are an important cause of physical discomfort, limitation of movements, psychological disorders, low self-esteem and reduced quality of life. Treatment for this condition is complex and involves several options. Microneedling, also known as minimally invasive percutaneous collagen induction, is an affordable minimally invasive option that can be combined with other treatments, including ablative ones. OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to present our microneedling approach for the treatment of hypertrophic scars after burns. METHOD: A prospective study of 15 patients with post-burn hypertrophic scars was conducted between October 2016 and June 2022. All patients were treated with microneedling and drug delivery of triamcinolone. Scars were evaluated using Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS), Burn Scar Assessment Scale (BSAS) and angle measurement for amplitude of movement evaluation of joints. RESULTS: A significant improvement in the VSS score was obtained after microneedling (8.8 ± 0.44 to 4.1 ± 0.98; p = 0.012), especially in the acute group (less than 1 year after burns): 9.3 ± 0.49 to 3.5 ± 1.36; p = 0.041. There was a significant and progressive improvement of the scars throughout the treatment sessions in all criteria evaluated and in the ranges of joint movement (p = 0.012). CONCLUSION: Our microneedling protocol promoted a significant improvement of post-burn scars, especially in acute hypertrophic scars, and in the amplitude of joint motion. Sequential treatments provided progressive improvement. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

Assuntos

RESUMO

Keloids and hypertrophic scars are abnormal responses to wound-healing. While hypertrophic scars remain limited to the areas of trauma, keloids most often develop over several years, growing out from the limits of the initial wound area. Both lesions may cause itching, burning, and pain, and they may lead to significant impairment of self-esteem, socialization, and quality of life. Although they might be observed in all races, they are far more common in Africans and African descendants than in Caucasians.We extensively reviewed their treatment, including compression with pressure garments, occlusion with siliconized and non-siliconized gel sheets, gels, corticosteroid and antineoplastic injections, and the use of lasers and intense pulsed light (IPL) therapy. We also reviewed new therapies, including botulinum toxin injection, and addressed outcomes of various studies. (SKINmed. 2022;20:432-443).

Assuntos

RESUMO

Keloids (K) and hypertrophic scars (HS) are abnormal responses to wound healing that occur as the result of dermal inflammation. Despite the advances on their treatment, many patients still suffer from the negative effects of excessive scarring; its approach is impaired by the lack of objective data on different treatments and the large genetic variability among patients and the difficulties in producing multicentre studies. Their incidence among the Brazilian population is high, as the result of an admixture of Amerindians, Europeans and Africans ancestral roots. With the aim of producing multicentre studies on K and HS, a panel of senior Brazilian dermatologists focused on their treatment was invited to contribute with the K and HS Treatment Brazilian Guidelines. In the first part of this study, different treatment modalities for keloids and HS are fully reviewed by the panel. The second part of the study presents a consensus recommendation of treatment for different types of lesions. More than a literature review, this article aims to show the pitfalls and pearls of each therapeutic option, as well as a therapeutic approach by the Panel of Experts on keloids and Scars on a highly mixed population, providing simple guidelines.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Since we first described the rationale for the use of hydrocolloid dressings to treat keloids and hypertrophic scars, this technique has been used as an occlusive therapy alternative to the use of silicone sheets in our outpatient clinic. In this paper, we describe the use of these dressings on two patients with challenging scars: a large postburn hypertrophic scar on a young patient's hand and arm, with a growing keloid on the wrist, and a progressive scar on the lower eyelid, developing after a complication of a cosmetic blepharoplasty procedure, leading to ectropium. The methods on the proper use of these dressings are reviewed here in detail. Larger clinical trials are needed to further evaluate this technique in the treatment of hypertrophic scars and keloids.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Silicone dressings have been used to treat hypertrophic scars and keloids since 1983. This treatment modality is considered to be safe and efficacious, leading to a progressive improvement in scar color, size, erythema, pliability, pain, and itching. Its mechanism of action is due to the hydration of the skin corneal layer; and modulating the cell signaling between fibroblasts and keratinocytes, mediated by cytokines. Silicone dressings are considered first line treatments for hypertrophic scars and keloids. Silicone gels were developed later, in order to help treating those scars in areas such as the scalp or joints, where fixing the silicone sheets would be a more difficult task, or on the face, where a silicone dressing would be cosmetically undesirable to most. Similar to silicone sheets, silicone gels have also proved to help treating and preventing hypertrophic scars and keloids. A new silicone gel combined with hypochlorous acid has recently been developed to help in treating scars. Hypochlorous acid acts as a biocide and anti-inflammatory agent, therefore, it has also been used in post procedure, on recent traumatic scars or on nonepithelized skin. This manuscript reviews the use of silicone dressings, silicone gels, and combined gels to treat scars.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Durante muchos años, el gel de silicona ha tenido un rol primario en el tratamiento y la prevención de cicatrices anómalas en forma de cicatrices hipertróficas y queloides luego de la epitelización. Los autores publican los hallazgos preliminares sobre el uso de un novedoso apósito de gel de silicona grado médico que forma una película y que fue aprobado para ser usado en heridas abiertas y en lesiones de la piel como único tratamiento y en combinación con otros tratamientos previos a la reepitelización. Un estudio observacional de 105 pacientes analizó la efectividad del gel de silicona en la estimulación de la epitelización acelerada, la reducción de la respuesta inflamatoria y la prevención de la formación de cicatrices. El estudio se realizó en una variedad de intervenciones quirúrgicas dermatológicas. Las observaciones de los autores confirmaron el rol de la silicona en la aceleración de la cicatrización de heridas, la prevención de la formación de cicatrices y la utilidad de este nuevo apósito de silicona que forma una película cuando se lo combina con otras modalidades de tratamiento. (SKINmed. 2012; 10:S1- S7).

For many years, silicone gel has played a primary role in the treatment of prevention of abnormal scars in the form of after epithelialization. The authors publish the pre-elimination findings use of a novel medical grade silicone gel dressing that form a film that was approved for use in open wounds and in skin as the only treatment and in combination with other treatments prior to re-epithelialization. An observational study of 105 patients analyzed the effectiveness of silicone gel in the stimulation of accelerated epithelialization, reducing the inflammatory response and preventing the formation of scars. The study was conducted on a variety of dermatological surgeries. The authors' observations confirmed the role of silicone in acceleration of wound healing, prevention of the formation of the usefulness of this new silicone dressing that forms a film it is combined with other forms of treatment.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Introdução: O abdome é um segmento estético-funcional importante na caracterização do contorno corporal. Na abdominoplastia, o posicionamento e o formato da cicatriz umbilical são importantes para um resultado satisfatório. Este estudo teve como objetivo descrever a técnica de onfaloplastia vertical, bem como apresentar os resultados obtidos. Métodos: Estudo longitudinal retrospectivo descritivo composto por pacientes submetidos à onfaloplastia vertical durante a abdominoplastia clássica no período de 2014 a 2017. A técnica consistiu em uma incisão linear vertical transcutânea sem retirada de fuso de pele e com mínimo desengorduramento da parede ao redor do umbigo, seguida da confecção de um ponto na porção lateral do pedículo umbilical, transfixante, permitindo sua invaginação e fixação rente à aponeurose do reto abdominal. Resultados: Do total de 128 pacientes avaliados, a faixa etária variou de 25 a 62 anos, com média de 32 anos. O tempo médio do ato operatório foi de 2 horas e 33 minutos. Não foram observadas complicações cirúrgicas como hematoma ou necrose do retalho abdominal. Foram observados 2 casos de deiscências, 4 casos de cicatriz hipertrófica, com 2 evoluindo para estenose umbilical e 1 caso de necrose umbilical. No seguimento ambulatorial 92,2% dos pacientes mostraram-se muito satisfeitos com o resultado final obtido. A análise técnica apresentou um grau de satisfação de 88,8% dos casos. Conclusão: A técnica descrita apresenta resultados satisfatórios, diminui a possibilidade do surgimento do anel cicatricial e permite minimizar um dos estigmas da abdominoplastia, que é uma cicatriz umbilical muito visível.

Introduction: The abdomen is an important aesthetic functional segment in the characterization of the body contour. In abdominoplasty, the placement and shape of the umbilical scar are important for a satisfactory result. This study aimed to describe the technique of vertical omphaloplasty and to present the results obtained. Methods: Retrospective longitudinal descriptive study composed of patients who underwent vertical omphaloplasty during classic abdominoplasty between 2014 and 2017. The technique consists of a vertical transcutaneous incision without removal of the skin spindle and with minimal degreasing of the wall around the umbilicus, followed by the transfixing a point in the lateral portion of the umbilical pedicle, allowing its invagination and fixation close to the aponeurosis of the rectus abdominis. Results: In the 128 patients evaluated, the patients' age ranged from 25 to 62 years, with a mean of 32 years. The mean time of surgery was 2 h and 33 min. No surgical complications occurred, such as hematoma or abdominal flap necrosis. Two cases of dehiscence, four cases of hypertrophic scar, two cases of stenosis, and one case of umbilical necrosis were observed. In outpatient follow-up, 92.2% of the patients were very satisfied with the final result. The technical analysis presented an 88% degree of satisfaction. Conclusion: The technique described presents satisfactory results, reduces the possibility of the appearance of a cicatricial ring, and allows minimizing one of the stigmas of abdominoplasty, which is a very visible umbilical scar.

Assuntos

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Keloids and hypertrophic scars are dermal fibro-proliferative disorders unique to humans. Their treatment is a true challenge with multiple options, but not all the time with good results. Unfortunately this problem is not uncommon in patients with history of burn injury. The aim of this article is to evaluate the use of verapamil and pressure garments in patients with hypertrophic or keloid scar caused by burn injury. METHODS: We included patients with a hypertrophic or keloid scar caused by burn injury candidate to treatment with pressure garment. The pathologic scars were evaluated by serial photographic records, Vancouver and Posas scales. The scales of Vancouver and Posas were compared with t Student. RESULTS: We included 13 scars in 11 patients. Four scars were located in the legs, 4 in the arms, 4 in the face-neck and 1 in the abdomen. The dose of verapamil was calculated .03mg per kg. Injections were scheduled every 7 to 10 days until complete 6 sessions. Taking in count Posas scale, patients referred improvement in pigmentation (.01), thickness (.005), pliability (.01) and surface area (.004). In the Vancouver scale the observers mentioned improvement in elevation (.008), pigmentation (.014), vascularity (.022), flexibility (.014) and pruritus (.003). No adverse effects were found in verapamil injection. CONCLUSIONS: Verapamil was useful in conjunction with pressure garment to improve the condition of the keloid and hypertrophic scar caused by burn.

Introducción: la cicatriz queloide y la hipertrófica son desordenes fibro-proliferativos únicos de los humanos, su tratamiento representa un reto en con pocas opciones. El uso de prendas de compresión resulta útil, sin embargo el proceso de maduración no es tan rápido; decidimos usar verapamilo para facilitar este proceso y poder mejorar la calidad de vida de nuestros pacientes. El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar el uso del verapamilo y las prendas de compresión en pacientes con cicatrización patológica como consecuencia de quemadura. Métodos: incluimos pacientes con cicatrización patológica, ya sea queloide o hipertrófica, causada por quemadura. La cicatriz fue evaluada con fotografías seriadas, escala de Vancouver y Posas. Los resultados fueron comparados con la prueba de t de Student. Resultados: incluimos 13 cicatrices en 11 pacientes. La localización de las cicatrices fue en: brazos 4, piernas 4, cara y cuello 1, y abdomen 1. La dosis de verapamilo se calculó a .03 mg por kg de peso. Las inyecciones se aplicaron de manera intralesional y se administraron cada 7 a 10 días, hasta completar 6 sesiones. Encontramos mejoría en los siguientes parámetros de la escala de Posas: pigmentación, pliabilidad, endurecimiento y superficie. En la escala de Vancouver: elevación, pigmentación, vascularidad, flexibilidad y prurito. No encontramos efectos adversos con la administración de verapamilo. Conclusiones: el verapamilo fue útil en conjunto con las prendas de compresión para mejorar las condiciones de la cicatriz queloide e hipertrófica causadas por lesiones por quemadura.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Abstract Introduction: Keloids and hypertrophic scars are dermal fibro-proliferative disorders unique to humans. Their treatment is a true challenge with multiple options, but not all the time with good results. Unfortunatelythis problem is not uncommon in patients with history of burn injury. Aim: To evaluate use of verapamil andpressure garments in patients with hypertrophic or keloid scar caused by burn injury. methods: We includedpatients with a hypertrophic or keloid scar caused by burn injury that report non-response to treatment withpressure garment. The pathologic scars were evaluated by serial photographic records, Vancouver and Posasscales. The scales of Vancouver and Posas were compared with t Student. Results: We included 13 scars in11 patients. Four scars were located in the legs, 4 in the arms, 4 in the face-neck and 1 in the abdomen. Thedose of verapamil was calculated 0.03 mg per kg. Injections were scheduled every 7 to 10 days until complete 6 sessions. Taking in count Posas scale, patients referred improvement in pigmentation (0.01), thickness(0.005), pliability (0.01), pruritus (0.003) and irregular surface (0.004). In the Vancouver scale the observers mentioned improvement in elevation (0.008), pigmentation (0.014), vascularity (0.022) and flexibility (0.014).No adverse effects were found in verapamil injection. Conclusion: Verapamil was useful in conjunction withpressure garment to improve the condition of the keloid and hypertrophic scar caused by burn.

Resumen Introducción: La cicatriz queloide o la cicatriz hipertrófica son desórdenes fibro-proliferativos únicos de los humanos, cuyo tratamiento representa un reto en donde existen pocas opciones con buenos resultados.Objetivo: Evaluar el uso de verapamilo y las prendas de compresión en pacientes con cicatrización patológicacomo consecuencia de quemadura. material y método: Incluimos pacientes con cicatrización patológica,ya sea queloide o hipertrófica, causada por quemadura que mencionaron no haber tenido beneficio con el usode prendas de compresión. La cicatriz fue evaluada con fotografías seriadas, escala de Vancouver y Posas.Los resultados fueron comparados con la prueba de t de Student. Resultados: Incluimos 13 cicatrices en 11pacientes. La localización de las cicatrices fue en brazos 4, piernas 4, cara y cuello 1, y abdomen 1. La dosisde verapamilo se calculó a 0,03 mg por kg. Las inyecciones se aplicaron intralesionales y se administraroncada 7 a 10 días hasta completar 6 sesiones. Encontramos mejoría en los siguientes parámetros de la escalade Posas: pigmentación (0,01), pliabilidad (0,01), endurecimiento o grosor (0,005), prurito (0,003) e irregular (0,004). En la escala de Vancouver elevación (0,008), pigmentación (0,014), vascularidad (0,022) yflexibilidad (0,014). No encontramos efectos adversos con la administración de verapamilo. Conclusión: Elverapamilo fue útil en conjunto con las prendas de compresión para mejorar las condiciones de la cicatrizqueloide e hipertrófica causadas por lesiones por quemadura.

Assuntos

Assuntos