RESUMO
Basándonos en una consulta de una niña que desea realizar una dieta vegetariana se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica para identificar evidencia sobre el impacto de este tipo de dieta en la salud. La evidencia actual indica que la dieta vegetariana es una opción saludable que no produciría un impacto negativo en el crecimiento y desarrollo de los niños, si bien existiría la posibilidad de déficit de micronutrientes. (AU)
Based on a consultation of a girl who wishes to make a vegetarian diet, a literature search was conducted to identify evidence on the impact of this type of diet on health. Current evidence indicates that the vegetarian diet is a healthy option that would not have a negative impact on the growth and development of children, although there is a possibility of micronutrient deficits. (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Gravidez , Criança , Adolescente , Dieta Vegetariana/efeitos adversos , Deficiência de Vitamina B 12/dietoterapia , Desenvolvimento Infantil , Anemia Ferropriva/dietoterapia , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Dieta Vegetariana/classificação , Dieta Vegetariana/tendências , Micronutrientes/deficiência , Alimentos, Dieta e Nutrição , Dieta Saudável/tendênciasRESUMO
BACKGROUND: This investigation determines the nutritional state of serum and red blood cell (RBC) folate concentration and their relation with intake of folate, B6 ,and B12 , with serum vitamin B12 , and with genetic variants after provision of 400 µg/day of folic acid for 3 months to a group of 34 Colombian women of reproductive age. METHODS: We evaluated nutrient intake using 24-hr recall, assessing the levels of serum folate, RBC folate, serum B12 , and homocysteine, as well as determining genetic variants of the enzyme MTHFR (C677T and A1298C) and CßS (844ins68pb). RESULTS: The results show that following intake of 400 µg/day of folic acid, the risk of folate deficiency as seen in regular dietary intake disappears and the nutritional status of this nutrient is increased (p < 0.001). With respect to vitamin B12, the risk of serum deficiency with folic acid consumption increased slightly, and those that were found to be B12 deficient after supplementation also had decreased levels of serum homocysteine. Genetic factors did not influence the nutritional status of folate, although an association was found between the intake of nutrients and biochemical indicators. CONCLUSION: Given the results of our study, subsequent studies evaluating folic acid supplementation should also consider evaluating the status of B12 and B6 , and serum and RBC folate, as they participate interdependently in the cycle of folate and methionine and in homocysteine metabolism.Birth Defects Research 109:564-573, 2017.© 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Assuntos
Ácido Fólico/administração & dosagem , Ácido Fólico/sangue , Estado Nutricional/efeitos dos fármacos , Deficiência de Vitamina B 12/sangue , Deficiência de Vitamina B 12/dietoterapia , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Suplementos Nutricionais , Feminino , Deficiência de Ácido Fólico/sangue , Humanos , Reprodução/fisiologia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
We determined optimal folate, vitamin B12 and vitamin B6 dosages in 21 sickle cell disease (SCD) patients (11 HbSS, 10 HbSC; mean 7 years, range 7-16), using plasma homocysteine (Hcy) as functional marker. They received daily 400 g (0-3 weeks), 700 g (3-6) and 1000 g (6-70) folate; 1 (0-21), 3 (21-45 and 5 RDA (45-70) vitamin B12; and 1 RDA vitamin B6 (0-70). Blood was taken at baseline (P0) and after 3 (PI), 6 (P2), 9 (P3), 21 (P4), 33 (P5), 45 (P6), 57 (P7) and 70 (P8) weeks for measurement of erythrocyte (RBC), serum folate, plasma vitamin B12, whole blood vitamin B6 and plasma Hcy. Vitamin B6 increased from P0 to P1 and P1 to P2; vitamin B12 from P4 to P8; serum folate from P0 to P1 and P1 to P2; RBC folate from P0 to P1, P1 to P2 and P2 to P3. Hcy decreased from P1 to P2 and P4 to P6. Most pronounced Hcy decreases occurred from P0 to P1 (43 percent of patients), P1 to P2 (14 percent) and P4 to P5 (24 percent). Haematological indices did not change. Patients with HbSS had higher RBC folate at P1, P2 and P8. The entire group exhibited inverse relations between RBC folate and haemoglobin on P1, P2, P3, P6, P7 and P8. We conclude that RBC folate is less valuable for folate status assessment in SCD patients. The optimal daily supplement is 700 g folate (3.5-7 RDA vitamin B12 (4.2-6.0 g) and 1 RDA vitamin B6 (1.4-2.0 mg). This combination causes Hcy levels that do not decrease further upon higher dosages and may reduce by simple and relatively inexpensive means their inherently high risk of endothelial damage.(Au)
Assuntos
Criança , Humanos , Anemia Falciforme/sangue , Deficiência de Vitamina B 12/dietoterapia , Deficiência de Vitamina B 6/dietoterapia , Ácidos Pteroilpoliglutâmicos/deficiência , Coleta de DadosRESUMO
Se estudia el estado hematológico de 406 indios Bari. Ciento setenta y nueve individuos pobladores de la comunidad de Campo Rosario, una árida llanura situada al sur de la sierra de Perijá y 287 habitantes de Saimadoyi, un fértil valle en el corazón de la montaña. El 54 por ciento de los pobladores de Campo Rosario y el 31 por ciento de los de Saimadoyi presentaron anemia y 28 por ciento de los habitantes de ambas comunidades presentó déficit de hierro sérico, mientras que sólo el 20 por ciento de los indígenas de Campo Rosario y 5 por ciento de los Saimadoyi, tenían niveles bajos de ferritina. La prevalencia de deficiencia de folato y vitamina B12 fue excesivamente alta en Campo Rosario (91 por ciento y 64 por ciento respectivamente), mientras que en Saimadoyi sólo el 5 por ciento de los pobladores tenía folato bajo y ninguno tenía défivit de B12. Sólo se halló correlación significativa entre la hemoglobina y el hierro sérico. La alta prevalencia de anemia y déficit de nutrientes, son atribuibles a la precaria dieta de estas poblaciones, especialmente de piel y parasitarias