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Introducción: La dehiscencia de la línea de sutura es una de las complicaciones más frecuentes en la cirugía intestinal. Objetivo: Diseñar una escala predictiva para estimar de forma individual la probabilidad de dehiscencia de la línea de sutura intestinal. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio, analítico, de cohorte con recogida retrospectiva de datos en el sexenio 2014-2019 en el hospital "Celia Sánchez Manduley". La muestra fue de 437 pacientes y se usó la variable dependiente: dehiscencia de la línea de sutura intestinal y variables independientes: edad, sexo, comorbilidad, hemoglobina, hipoalbuminemia, neoplasia de colon, riesgo anestésico, entre otras. Resultados: En el análisis multivariado se obtuvo un modelo ajustado con las variables: edad mayor de 70 años (p = 0,002), hipoalbuminemia (p = 0,014), anastomosis enterocólica (p = 0,018), cirugía urgente (p = 0,001) e íleo paralítico prolongado (p < 0,001). La escala predictiva fue derivada del modelo estadístico ajustado y clasificado en 3 grupos de riesgo la probabilidad de dehiscencia de la línea de sutura intestinal: bajo (menor de 2 puntos), moderado (entre 3 y 5 puntos) y elevado (mayor de 6 puntos). Presentó una sensibilidad de 89,6 por ciento, especificidad de 89,1 por ciento, porciento predictivo global de 89,2 por ciento, valor predictivo positivo de 66,1 por ciento y valor predictivo negativo de 97,2 por ciento. Tuvo una excelente calibración y un elevado poder discriminativo. Conclusión: Se obtuvo una escala predictiva para estimar de forma individual la probabilidad de dehiscencia de la línea de sutura intestinal(AU)

ABSTRACT Introduction: The suture line dehiscence is one of the most frequent complications in intestinal surgery. Objective: To design a predictive scale for estimating individual probability of suture line dehiscence. Methods: An analytical cohort study, which involved retrospective data collection, was carried out, in the six-year period of 2014-2019, at Celia Sánchez Manduley Hospital. The sample consisted of 437 patients. Dehiscence of the intestinal suture line was used as a dependent variable, while age, sex, comorbidity, hemoglobin, hypoalbuminemia, colon neoplasia, anesthetic risk, among others, were used as independent variables. Results: Through multivariate analysis, an adjusted model was obtained, with the following results for the variables: age over 70 years (P=0.002), hypoalbuminemia (P=0.014), enterocolic anastomosis (P=0.018), urgent surgery (P=0.001), and ileus prolonged paralytic (P < 0.001). The predictive scale was derived from the adjusted statistical model and, based on the probability of dehiscence of the intestinal suture line, classified into three risk groups: low (less than two points), moderate (between 3-5 points) and high (more than six points). It presented a sensitivity of 89.6 percent, a specificity of 89.1 percent, a global predictive percentage of 89.2 percent, a positive predictive value of 66.1 percent, and a negative predictive value of 97.2 percent. It had an excellent calibration and a high discriminative power. Conclusion: A predictive scale was obtained for estimating the individual probability of dehiscence of the intestinal suture line(AU)

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Introducción: El cáncer laríngeo en el adulto mayor tiene una incidencia elevada por múltiples factores que se incrementan con la edad, pero con un tratamiento específico adecuado como la laringectomía total permiten mejorar y elevar la calidad de vida de estos pacientes. Objetivo: Caracterizar el resultado de las intervenciones por laringectomía total realizadas en pacientes adultos mayores en el servicio de Otorrinolaringología del Hospital General Docente "Dr. Agostinho Neto", provincia Guantánamo, en el período de enero de 2015 a diciembre de 2019. Método: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo de corte transversal en el total de pacientes (n=32) de 60 años y más a los que se les realizó laringectomía total durante el periodo estudiado. Las variables estudiadas fueron: edad, sexo, hábitos tóxicos, condicionantes prequirúrgicas, técnica quirúrgica y complicaciones más frecuentes. Los datos se obtuvieron de las historias clínicas. Resultados: La mayoría de los pacientes correspondió al sexo masculino (90,6 porciento) entre 70-74 años; el 71,8 porciento de los pacientes fumaba. La laringectomía total combinada con tiroidectomía unilateral o bilateral y vaciamiento cervical selectivo fue la técnica quirúrgica más empleada y el faringostoma la complicación predominante. Conclusiones: La caracterización de los resultados de la laringectomía total en el adulto mayor portador de carcinoma epidermoide laríngeo aporta datos que permiten una mejor atención integral a este grupo poblacional(AU).

Introduction: Laryngeal cancer has a high incidence in older adult due to various factors which has been increasing in frequency with age. However, assuming an adecuated and specific treatment like total laryngectomy, allows improving and enhancing the patient's quality of life. Objective: To characterize the outcomes of total laryngectomy in older adult patients treated in the otorhinolaryngology service at the Hospital General Docente "Dr. Agostinho Neto" in Guantánamo, from January 2015 to December 2019. Method: A descriptive, retrospective, and cross-sectional study was conducted on the total of patients (n=32) 60 and older, who underwent total laryngectomy during the mentioned period. Variables used were as follow: age, sex, toxic habits, preoperative conditions, surgical technique and, most frequent complications. Data was gathered from medical records. Results: Male patients 70 to 74 years were predominant (90.6 percent) and most of them smoked (71.8 percent). Total laryngectomy combined with unilateral or bilateral thyroidectomy and selective neck dissection was the most common surgical technique used and pharyngostoma was the predominant complication. Conclusions: The characterization of total laryngectomy outcomes in older adult with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma provides important data for better comprehensive care in this population group(AU).

Introdução: O câncer de laringe em idosos apresenta alta incidência devido a múltiplos fatores que aumentam com a idade, mas com um tratamento específico adequado como a laringectomia total, melhoram e melhoram a qualidade de vida desses pacientes. Objetivo: Caracterizar o resultado da laringectomia total realizada em pacientes idosos no serviço de Otorrinolaringologia do Hospital General Docente "Dr. Agostinho Neto", província de Guantánamo, no período de janeiro de 2015 a dezembro de 2019. Método: Estudo descritivo, retrospectivo e transversal em todos os pacientes (n=32) com 60 anos ou mais que realizaram laringectomia total. durante o período estudado. As variáveis estudadas foram: idade, sexo, hábitos tóxicos, condições pré-cirúrgicas, técnica cirúrgica e complicações mais frequentes. Os dados foram obtidos dos prontuários médicos. Resultados: A maioria dos pacientes era do sexo masculino (90,6 porcento) entre 70-74 anos; 71,8 porcento dos pacientes fumavam. A laringectomia total combinada com tireoidectomia unilateral ou bilateral e dissecção cervical seletiva foi a técnica cirúrgica mais utilizada e a faringostomia a complicação predominante. Conclusões: A caracterização dos resultados da laringectomia total em idosos com carcinoma espinocelular de laringe fornece dados que permitem uma melhor assistência integral a este grupo populacional(AU).

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Resumen Objetivo La dehiscencia anastomótica (DA) en cirugía colorrectal es una de las complicaciones más devastadoras. El empleo de la angiografía de fluorescencia con verde de indocianina, se ha introducido en este campo como una herramienta prometedora para reducir la incidencia de DA. El objetivo de este estudio es valorar en nuestro medio, los resultados de la introducción de esta técnica en cuanto a prevención de DA. Materiales y Método: Se llevó a cabo un estudio prospectivo, incluyendo 59 pacientes sometidos a cirugía colorrectal resectiva a los que se les realizó una evaluación mediante angiografía con verde de indocianina intraoperatoria de la vascularización anastomótica. Resultados: Tras la aplicación de la técnica, se modificó el punto de sección en 9 pacientes (15,25%); en los cuales no se registró ninguna DA. La tasa de complicaciones global fue de 35,59% (n = 21) objetivando 3 dehiscencias anastomóticas en la serie. Conclusión: Esta técnica se perfila como una estrategia adicional en la prevención de la aparición de DA. Serán necesarios estudios randomizados con inclusión de mayor número de pacientes para obtener resultados concluyentes.

Aim: Anastomotic leakage (AL) following colorectal surgery is one of the most devastating complication. The use of indocyanine green fluorescence angiography has been developed as a promising tool to reduce the incidence of AL. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of this technique on the prevention of AL. Materials and Method: A prospective study was carried out, including 59 patients undergoing resective colorectal surgery. It was performed intraoperatively indocyanine green angiography evaluation of the anastomotic perfusión in all of then. Results: The section point was modified in 9 patients (15.25%); in which no AL was registered. The overall complication rate was 35.59% (n = 21), founding 3 anastomotic dehiscences in the serie. Conclusion: In conclusion, in our experience this technique is an additional strategy in the prevention of the AL. Randomized control trial including more patients will be necessary to obtain conclusive results.

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Objetives: To report a case of transvaginal bowel evisceration following total abdominal hysterec- tomy, and to conduct a review of the literature on its diagnosis and treatment. Materials and methods: A 48-year-old female patient who presented to a high complexity insti- tution with transvaginal bowel evisceration lasting 10 hours. Laparotomy was performed in order to reduce the evisceration and repair the vaginal vault defect. A search was conducted in Medline via PubMed, Embase, Elsevier, Medigraphic, Wolters Kluwer Health and UpToDate using the terms "vaginal vault dehiscence," "transvaginal bowel evisceration," "dehiscence following hysterectomy," "hysterectomy complications," and using a snowball search strategy based on the studies identified, both in English and Spanish. Results: Fourteen studies were included. The diagnosis of transvaginal evisceration is primarily clinical with the observed bulging of the abdominal content through the vagina. It may also be associated with signs of peritonitis or bowel obstruction. Initial management must be an attempt at vaginal packing and prophylactic antibiotics. Several surgical techniques have been described for vaginal vault correction and reinforcement of dehiscence closure. Conclusions: Transvaginal evisceration is considered a surgical emergency. Further studies assessing the safety and effectiveness of the various management interventions are required.

Objetivos: reportar un caso de evisceración intestinal transvaginal posterior a histerectomía abdominal total y realizar una revisión de la literatura sobre su diagnóstico y tratamiento. Materiales y métodos: se presenta el caso de una paciente de 48 años que consulta a una institución de alta complejidad por evisceración intestinal transvaginal de 10 horas de evolución, se realiza laparotomía para reducción de la evisceración y reparación del defecto de cúpula vaginal. Se hace una búsqueda en Medline vía PubMed, Embase, Elsevier, Medigraphic, Wolters Kluwer Health y UpToDate con los términos: "dehiscencia de cúpula vaginal", "evisceración intestinal transvaginal", "dehiscencia posterior a histerectomía", "complicaciones histerectomía", y en bola de nieve a partir de los estudios identificados, en idiomas inglés y español. Resultados: se incluyeron 14 estudios. El diagnóstico de la evisceración transvaginal es eminentemente clínico al observar salida de contenido abdominal por vagina, se puede asociar a signos de peritonitis u obstrucción intestinal. Su manejo inicial debe intentar el empaquetamiento vaginal y la profilaxis antibiótica Se han descrito varias técnicas quirúrgicas para corregir el defecto de la cúpula vaginal y reforzar el cierre de la dehiscencia de la cúpula. Conclusiones: la evisceración transvaginal se considera una urgencia quirúrgica. Se requieren más estudios que evalúen la seguridad y la efectividad de las diferentes intervenciones para el manejo.

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Objectives: Bronchopleural fistula (BPF) is an uncommon complication following a lung resection to address various conditions. BPFs are associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. This study evaluated the endoscopic treatment of 'total' BPFs using the Occlutech-Fígulla® cardiac device at a single centre. Methods: We selected nine patients with chronic and complete BPFs. Under direct bronchoscopic visualization, the BPFs were treated using the Occlutech-Fígulla device. The patients were followed up for 12 months to determine the treatment level and complications. Results: The procedure had a favourable outcome in three patients, resulting in complete fistula closure. Two patients had partial closure and showed improvements in their clinical conditions. In two other cases, closure of the bronchial stump was unsuccessful using this method. Two patients died from causes unrelated to the procedure or the device. During the follow-up period, no complications related to infection or device-related injuries were reported. Conclusions: In patients without clinical conditions that require surgical treatment, the Occlutech-Fígulla cardiac device can be a safe and effective method for the endoscopic treatment of large BPFs resulting from complete dehiscence of a bronchial stump. No severe events were reported.

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El cáncer de pene entidad poco frecuente en países desarrollados. En países subdesarrollados la frecuencia se eleva 10%-20%. El principio del manejo quirúrgico es resección con adecuados márgenes, disección ganglionar inguinal si está indicada. La tumorectomía con disección ganglionar inguinopélvica + reconstrucción con flaps en casos con extensa enfermedad ganglionary cutánea representa una opción terapéutica poco estudiada. Estudio descriptivo y análisis por porcentajes simples de características de los pacientes tratados por cáncer de pene avanzado en nuestro instituto, con tumorectomía + linfadenectomía + reconstrucción con colgajo VRAM. Recolectamos información de las historias clínicas, de pacientes ingresados durante los años 2005-2009. 3 pacientes, con carcinoma avanzado (estadio IV ganglionar) todos T3-T4, N2-N3 y extensa enfermedad cutánea, tratados con resección amplia de la lesión primaria, linfadenectomía inguinopélvica + reconstrucción VRAM, se presentaron complicaciones como linfedema tardío e infección local leve, un paciente falleció al año con metástasis a encéfalo, otro presentó recaída locorregional 8 meses después y uno permanece libre de enfermedad con 5 años de seguimiento. La resección con criterio radical en pacientes con carcinoma de pene estadio IV con linfadenectomía inguino-pélvica, donde queda un defecto cutáneo significativo que no puede ser cerrado, se plantea el uso del colgajo VRAM, que aunque no ha sido utilizado en cáncer de pene, en nuestra experiencia permitió un efecto paliativo, funcional y estético satisfactorio, control locorregional, además de facilitar las condiciones para tratamiento posoperatorio.

Penile cancer un common in developed countries. In underdeveloped countries, frequency increases by 10%-20% of male malignancies. The principle of surgical management is resection with adequate margins, inguinal lymph node dissection if indicated. Lumpectomy with inguinal node dissection pelvic plus reconstruction with flaps in cases with extensive nodal disease and skin is a less studied therapeutic option. Descriptive study analysis by simple percentages of the characteristics patients treated for cancer of penis progress in our institute, who underwent lumpectomy lymphadenectomy plus VRAM flap reconstruction. We collect information from medical records of patients admitted to this institution during the years 2005-2009. 3 patients with advanced penile carcinoma (ST IV lymph node) all T3-T4, N2-N3 and extensive skin disease. To underwent wide resection of primary lesion lymphadenectomy inguinopelvic plus VRAM flap reconstruction, there were complications such as lymphedema late manageable mild local infection, one patient died a year with metastases to brain, other locorregional relapse, eight months after one remains free of disease after 5 years of follow up. Radical resection in patients with penile carcinoma ST IV (Lymph node) plus inguinal and pelvic lymphadenectomy in which is significant skin defect that cannot be closed, we propose the use VRAM flap that although it has not been used in cancer the penis in our experience allowed a palliative effect, functional and aesthetically satisfactory locorregional control, in addition to providing the conditions for postoperative treatment.

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AIM: To compare the influence of autologous or deproteinized bovine bone mineral as grafting material on healing of buccal dehiscence defects at implants installed immediately into the maxillary second incisor extraction socket in dogs. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In the maxillary second incisor sockets of 12 Labrador dogs, implants were installed immediately following tooth extraction. A standardized buccal defect was created and autologous bone particles or deproteinized bovine bone mineral were used to fill the defects. A collagen membrane was placed to cover the graft material, and the flaps were sutured to fully submerge the experimental areas. Six animals were sacrificed after 2 months, and six after 4 months of healing. Ground sections were obtained for histological evaluation. RESULTS: After 2 months of healing, all implants were osseointegrated. All buccal dehiscence defects were completely filled after 2 months irrespective of the augmentation material (autologous bone or Bio-Oss(®)) applied. Bone-to-implant contact (BIC) on the denuded implant surfaces was within a normal range of 30-40%. However, the newly formed tissue at 2 months was partially resorbed (>50% of the area measurements) after 4 months. CONCLUSIONS: Applying either autologous bone or deproteinized bovine bone mineral to dehiscences at implants installed immediately into extraction sockets resulted in high degree of regeneration of the defects with satisfactory BIC on the denuded implant surface.

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Apesar dos avanços tecnológicos, pacientes submetidos ao ato anestésico-cirúrgico ainda têm complicações nas feridas operatórias. Essas feridas são classificadas como agudas e realizadas de modo a reduzir os riscos de complicações. Têm tendência à regressão espontânea e completa em um prazo esperado. No entanto, podem se tornar complexas e crônicas quando apresentam complicações no processo de cicatrização. Neste estudo tem-se como objetivos caracterizar os pacientes com ferida cirúrgica abdominal e pélvica tratados no setor de Estomaterapia de um serviço ambulatorial de um hospital em Belo Horizonte e comparar os fatores identificados nos pacientes com os citados na literatura como predisponentes às complicações na ferida cirúrgica. Trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo-descritivo, realizado no ambulatório com amostra de 22 pacientes portadores de ferida cirúrgica abdominal ou pélvica complexa. Houve predomínio de mulheres, idade variando de 22 a 79 anos, com sobrepeso ou obesidade. Todos os pacientes apresentaram deiscência na ferida cirúrgica com infecção associada em 63,6%, mais da metade das lesões apresentou área superior a 20 cm2 e a profundidade variou de 0,1 cm a 6,8 cm. A maioria recebeu alta com a ferida curada, em média, após três meses e dez dias de tratamento. Como descrito na literatura, os resultados obtidos confirmaram que o sobrepeso e a obesidade são fatores que contribuem para o desenvolvimento de infecção. Destaque-se, também, que a infecção e a deiscência foram os principais fatores que caracterizaram a ferida cirúrgica complexa.

Despite technological advances, patients submitted to surgical anesthesia procedures still suffer from surgical wound complications. These wounds are classified as acute and are made so as to reduce the risk of complications. They tend to retreat spontaneously and completely within an estimated time. However, they can become complex and chronic when there are complications in the healing process. The objectives of this study were to characterize patients with an abdominal and pelvic surgical wound treated in the Stomal Therapy Division in an ambulatory care department of a Belo Horizonte hospital and to compare the factors identified in patients predisposed to complications in the surgical wound with those reported in the medical literature. This is a retrospective, descriptive study taken at the ambulatory care with a sample of 22 patients presenting a complex abdominal or pelvic surgical wound. These were mainly women between 22and 79 years old, overweight or obese. The patients had surgical wound dehiscence associated with infection in 63.6%. More than a half of the lesions displayed an area greater than 20 cm2 and the wound depth ranged from 0.1 cm to 6.8cm. Most patients were discharged with the wound healed in about 3 months and 10 days of treatment. The results confirmed what is described in the medical literature, that is, overweight and obesity contribute to the developmentof infection. Infection and dehiscence were identified as the complex surgical wound main complication.

Aún a pesar de los avances tecnológicos pacientes sometidos a procedimientos anestésico-quirúrgicos suelen enfrentar complicaciones de heridas operatorias. Tales heridas están clasificadas como agudas y se realizan de modo a disminuirel riesgo de complicaciones. Tienen la tendencia a la regresión espontánea y completa dentro de un período esperado. Sin embargo, pueden transformarse en complejas y crónicas cuando hay complicaciones en el proceso de cicatrización. El objetivo del presente estudio fue de caracterizar a los pacientes con herida quirúrgica abdominal y pélvica tratados en el sector Estomaterapia de un servicio ambulatorial y comparar los factores identificados en los pacientes con aquéllos citados en la literatura como con predisposición a complicaciones de herida quirúrgica. Se trata de un estudio retrospectivo descriptivo realizado en ambulatorio con una muestra de 22 pacientes con heridas quirúrgico abdominal o pélvica complejas. Hubo predominio principalmente en mujeres con edades entre 22 y 79 años, con sobrepeso u obesidad. Todos los pacientes presentaron dehiscencia de herida quirúrgica asociada a infección en el 63,6%, más dela mitad de las lesiones mostró una superficie superior a los 20 cm2 con profundidad entre 0,1 cm y 6,8 cm. La mayoría fue dada de alta con la herida curada, en promedio, después de 3 meses y 10 días de tratamiento. Como descritos en la literatura, los resultados confirmaron que el sobrepeso y la obesidad son factores que contribuyen al desarrollo de la infección. También se observa que la infección y la dehiscencia son los principales factores que caracterizan la herida quirúrgica compleja.

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INTRODUCCIÓN. El objetivo del presente estudio fue identificar condiciones de riesgo y aspectos relacionadas con el tratamiento medicoquirúrgico, la estadía hospitalaria y el estado al egreso de pacientes con evisceración posoperatoria. MÉTODOS. Se realizó un estudio observacional y descriptivo de 30 pacientes adultos que presentaron evisceración después de laparotomías realizadas en el Hospital Provincial Docente Dr. Joaquín Castillo Duany (Santiago de Cuba) en el quinquenio 2002-2006. RESULTADOS. El cierre de la pared abdominal con puntos subtotales internos continuos, de material no absorbible, apoyado con puntos totales, devino la opción de resultados terapéuticos más favorables. La utilización de antibióticos de amplio espectro resultó ser la medida óptima ante la marcada variedad de gérmenes existentes en la serie. La prolongada estadía hospitalaria estuvo asociada al predominio de ingresos en unidades de cuidados intensivos. Se identificaron la reintervención quirúrgica, el aumento de la presión intraabdominal y la apertura de la aponeurosis con electrobisturí, como las condiciones de riesgo preponderantes. CONCLUSIONES. La evisceración es una complicación posquirúrgica grave por su elevada morbilidad, y en ella coexisten numerosas condiciones de riesgo, lo cual motiva el tratamiento individualizado de cada enfermo. Para su prevención se imponen estrictas medidas tanto antes y durante, como después de la cirugía, y en ellas el cirujano desempeña un papel protagónico(AU)

INTRODUCTION: The aim of present study was to identify the risk conditions and features related to medical and surgical treatment, hospital stage, and discharge status of patients presenting with postoperative evisceration. METHODS: An observational and descriptive study was conducted in 30 adult patients underwent evisceration postlaparotomy performed in Dr. Joalquín Castillo Duany Teaching Provincial Hospital in Santiago de Cuba province during the five-year period 2002-2006. RESULTS: The closure of abdominal wall using non-absorbable, continuous internal subtotal suture supported by total suture becomes option of more favorable therapeutical results. The use of broad spectrum antibiotics was the optimal measure in face of the marked variety of germs present in the series. The long hospital stage was associated with predominance of admissions in intensive care units (ICUs). It was possible to identify the surgical reintervention, the increase of intra-abdominal pressure and the opening of aponeurosis using electroscalapel as the prevailing risk conditions. CONCLUSIONS: Evisceration is a severe postsurgical complication due to its high morbidity and the coexistence of many risk conditions, justifying the individual treatment of each patient. For its prevention it is mandatory strict measures before, during and after surgery where surgeon plays the leading role(AU)

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