RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To investigate physicochemical properties, dentin bonding, cytotoxicity, and in vivo pulp response of experimental self-adhesive composites tailored to direct pulp capping. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Experimental composites were prepared with beta-tricalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite nanoparticles adsorbed with simvastatin and glutathione added at 0% (control resin), 1 wt% (Res 1%), and 10 wt% (Res 10%). A commercial light-curable calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) (Ultra-Blend Plus) was used as control material. The physicochemical properties investigated were flexural strength and modulus, calcium release, and degree of conversion. Dentin bonding was assessed by the push-out test. Proliferation and cell counting assays were performed to evaluate in vitro cytotoxicity using fluorescence microscopy. In vivo pulp capping was performed on molars of Wistar rats, which were euthanized after 14 days and evaluated by histological analysis. RESULTS: No statistical difference was observed in flexural strength and cell viability (p > 0.05). Res 10% presented higher modulus than control resin and Ca(OH)2. Also, Res 10% attained statistically higher degree of conversion when compared to other experimental composites. Ca(OH)2 showed higher calcium release after 28 and 45 days of storage, with no statistical difference at 45 days to Res 10%. All experimental composites achieved significantly higher bond strength when compared to Ca(OH)2. While no significant difference was observed in the cell proliferation rates, resins at lower concentrations showed higher cell viability. In vivo evaluation of pulp response demonstrated no pulp damage with experimental composites. CONCLUSIONS: The experimental composite investigated in this study achieved adequate physicochemical properties with minor in vivo pulpal inflammation and proved to be a valuable alternative for direct pulp capping.
Assuntos
Capeamento da Polpa Dentária/métodos , Pulpite/tratamento farmacológico , Animais , Hidróxido de Cálcio/administração & dosagem , Fosfatos de Cálcio/administração & dosagem , Células Cultivadas , Resinas Compostas/administração & dosagem , Durapatita/administração & dosagem , Humanos , Dente Molar/efeitos dos fármacos , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Tratamento do Canal Radicular/métodosRESUMO
This study evaluates the bond strength of four self-etching adhesive systems with different acidity levels in normal and artificially hypermineralized dentin substrate. Healthy human molars were divided into groups: normal dentin-N (n = 36) and artificially hypermineralized dentin-H (n = 36). Self-etching adhesive systems Clearfil S3 Bond (n = 9), Optibond All in One (n = 9), Clearfil SE Bond (n = 9), and Adhese (n = 9) were used for both the N and H groups. Transparent cylindrical matrices were positioned on the treated dentin surfaces, filled with composite resin, and light-cured for 40 s. After the transparent cylindrical matrices were removed, the specimens were stored for 24 hr in a humid environment at 37°C and were subjected to a micro-shear bond strength test. For each group, a specimen was prepared and evaluated in scanning electron microscope for adhesive interface observation. Normality was confirmed and the two-way analysis of variance and Games-Howell post-tests were conducted (α = .05). The data demonstrated an interaction between the adhesive system and type of dentin substrate (p < .01). For normal dentin, all adhesive systems assessed were adequate; however, in the hypermineralized dentin, the Clearfil SE Bond two-step self-etching adhesive system with mild pH presented the highest immediate bond strength. There was a predominance of adhesive failures for all adhesive systems in the different dentin substrates evaluated. It was concluded that the self-etching adhesive systems evaluated were efficient for both substrates, and for the hypermineralized dentin, the Clearfil SE Bond presented a higher bond strength value.
Assuntos
Ácidos , Adesivos Dentinários/farmacologia , Dentina/química , Teste de Materiais/métodos , Minerais/química , Dentina/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura , Dente Molar/efeitos dos fármacos , Resistência ao Cisalhamento , Estresse Mecânico , Resistência à TraçãoRESUMO
The objectives of this study were to investigate changes in the activity and expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 in permanent teeth with or without exposure to radiotherapy, and the role of proteinase inhibitors in their inactivation. In situ zymography and immunofluorescence assays were performed to evaluate the activity and expression of two key gelatinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) in sections of permanent molars, assigned to irradiated and nonirradiated subgroups. Dental fragments were exposed to radiation at a dose of 2 Gy fractions for 5 consecutive days until a cumulative dose of 60 Gy was reached. To evaluate the effect of protease inhibitors on MMPs, teeth were immersed in 0.5 mL of 0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX), 0.05% sodium fluoride (NaF), 400 µM polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), or distilled water (control) for 1 h. Fluorescence in the dentinoenamel junction (DEJ) was evaluated in 3 areas of the tooth: cervical, cuspal, and pit. These regions were photographed using a fluorescence microscope at 1.25× and 5× magnifications. Results were analyzed using the D'Agostino-Person normality test, and the Kruskal-Wallis, Dunn, and Wilcoxon tests for intergroup and paired comparisons (α = 0.05). The fluorescence intensity/mm2 in the DEJ at the three regions studied was higher in the irradiated teeth (p < 0.05) than in the nonirradiated teeth, revealing regions of expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 by immunofluorescence. Postradiotherapy treatment with different solutions (CHX, NaF, and EGCG) led to lower fluorescence intensity/mm2 in irradiated teeth than in the control group (distilled water; p < 0.05), as a result of MMP inactivation. In conclusion, irradiation increased gelatinase activity in all regions of the DEJ. Treatment with 0.12% CHX, 0.05% NaF, and 400 µM polyphenol EGCG postradiotherapy inactivated enzyme activity.
Assuntos
Esmalte Dentário/enzimologia , Dentina/enzimologia , Metaloproteinase 2 da Matriz/metabolismo , Metaloproteinase 9 da Matriz/metabolismo , Inibidores de Proteases/farmacologia , Catequina , Esmalte Dentário/efeitos da radiação , Dentina/efeitos da radiação , Humanos , Técnicas In Vitro , Dente Molar/efeitos dos fármacos , Dente Molar/efeitos da radiação , RadioterapiaRESUMO
The interradicular region of primary molars is permeated by many foramina, channels and accessories that connect the pulp cavity with the periapical tissues anatomically. Thus, pulp decomposition products or drugs used in endodontic treatment can trigger inflammatory reactions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the blood cell profile of the alveolar region after extraction of primary molars treated with CTZ paste. Forty-eight primary molars were selected with clinical and radiographic signs of extraction. The sample was divided into three groups with 16 teeth each: Group 1-healthy teeth; Group 2-untreated decayed teeth; and Group 3-teeth treated with CTZ paste. Immediately after the extraction, blood from the interface of the tooth socket was collected and smears were performed for further evaluation. The slides were stained by the Fast Panoptic® method and analysed by two previously trained examiners who counted the leucocytes in sets of 100 cells/slide, differentiating them into neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils and basophils. The data were analysed statistically by the MANOVA test. The blood samples from Group 2 differed significantly from Group 1 samples for all classes of leucocytes, except basophils, with higher average for lymphocytes (62.56), monocytes (7.81) and eosinophils (2.31). For Group 3, there was a relative difference (P < 0.05) to Group 2, of monocytes and eosinophils values. The blood cellularity interface in the tooth socket of primary teeth treated with CTZ paste is similar to those of healthy, exfoliated teeth and physiologically different from untreated decayed teeth.
Assuntos
Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Necrose da Polpa Dentária/tratamento farmacológico , Dente Molar/efeitos dos fármacos , Dente Decíduo/diagnóstico por imagem , Antibacterianos/administração & dosagem , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Necrose da Polpa Dentária/sangue , Humanos , Leucócitos/patologia , Dente Molar/irrigação sanguínea , Dente Molar/diagnóstico por imagem , Dente Molar/patologia , Pomadas , Alvéolo Dental/diagnóstico por imagem , Alvéolo Dental/patologia , Dente Decíduo/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
The aim of this study is to evaluate the expression of cytokines in response to mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) plus selenium in germ-free mice with experimental furcal perforation. The first left maxillary molar was opened, and the furcal area was perforated and treated with post-MTA-Se (experimental group). The same surgical intervention was performed for the maxillary right first molar, which was treated with MTA (control group). Fifteen mice were sacrificed 7, 14, and 21 days after furcal perforation, and periapical tissue samples were collected. The mRNA expression levels of the cytokines TGF-ß, TNF-α, IFN-γ, HPRT, IL-10, IL-4, RANK, RANKL, IL-1, and IL-17 were assessed by using real-time polymerase chain reaction. In the experimental group, at 21-days post-MTA-Se sealing, the mRNA levels of TNF-α and IL-10 were upregulated compared with those in the control group (p < 0.05). Futher assessment revealed basal mRNA expression levels of IL-1α, IFN-γ, RANK, RANKL, IL-17A, IL-4, and TGF-ß, over long experimental times, in both the experimental and control groups (p > 0.05). In conclusion, MTA+Se sealing favoured increased expression of IL-10 and TNF-α at later time points (day 21).
Assuntos
Compostos de Alumínio/farmacologia , Compostos de Cálcio/farmacologia , Citocinas/análise , Cavidade Pulpar/lesões , Defeitos da Furca/tratamento farmacológico , Óxidos/farmacologia , Materiais Restauradores do Canal Radicular/farmacologia , Selênio/farmacologia , Silicatos/farmacologia , Animais , Cavidade Pulpar/efeitos dos fármacos , Cavidade Pulpar/imunologia , Combinação de Medicamentos , Feminino , Defeitos da Furca/imunologia , Masculino , Camundongos , Dente Molar/efeitos dos fármacos , Dente Molar/lesões , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Tratamento do Canal Radicular/métodos , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
This study aimed to evaluate the use of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) as an adjunct for minimally invasive treatment (partial removal of carious tissue-PRCT) of deciduous carious tissue evaluating its efficacy in reducing microorganisms. For that, a clinical study was design including children with deciduous molars with active deep caries lesions (DCL). PRCT was performed and remaining dentin was treated with 100 µg mL-1 methylene blue solution (5 min) and than irradiated with a low power laser emitting red light (InGaAIP-indium gallium aluminum phosphide; λ = 660 nm; 100 mW; 300 J cm-2 ; 90 s; 9 J). The colony forming units (CFU) count after PRCT and after PRCT + aPDT/mg of dentin were compared for total microorganisms, including Candida spp., the mutans streptococci group, Streptococcus spp. and Lactobacillus spp. The dentin was classified (color, consistency and humidity). The microbial reduction varied from 69.88% to 86.29% and was significantly observed for total microorganisms, mutans streptococci, Streptococcus spp. and Lactobacillus spp (P < 0.001). The dentin type did not influence reduction of microorganisms (P > 0.05). The aPDT presents a promising future for clinical use as an adjunct for the reduction of microorganisms in PRCT of DCL in all kinds of dentin.
Assuntos
Cárie Dentária/tratamento farmacológico , Azul de Metileno/administração & dosagem , Dente Molar/efeitos dos fármacos , Fotoquimioterapia/métodos , Fármacos Fotossensibilizantes/administração & dosagem , Dente Decíduo/efeitos dos fármacos , Candida/efeitos dos fármacos , Candida/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Cárie Dentária/microbiologia , Cárie Dentária/cirurgia , Esmalte Dentário/efeitos dos fármacos , Esmalte Dentário/microbiologia , Esmalte Dentário/cirurgia , Dentina/efeitos dos fármacos , Dentina/microbiologia , Dentina/cirurgia , Feminino , Humanos , Lactobacillus/efeitos dos fármacos , Lactobacillus/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Lasers , Luz , Masculino , Azul de Metileno/metabolismo , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Minimamente Invasivos/métodos , Dente Molar/microbiologia , Dente Molar/cirurgia , Fármacos Fotossensibilizantes/metabolismo , Streptococcus/efeitos dos fármacos , Streptococcus/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Dente Decíduo/microbiologia , Dente Decíduo/cirurgia , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Medicaments essential for alleviation of diseases may sometime adversely affect dental health by eroding the enamel, owing to their acidic nature. It is therefore highly desirable to be able to detect these effects quickly and reliably. In this study, we evaluated the erosive capacity of four most commonly prescribed respiratory disease syrup medicaments on enamel using micro-energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (µ-EDXRF) and attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). Fifty-five enamel fragments obtained from 30 bovine teeth were treated with artificial saliva (S), acebrofilin hydrochloride (AC), ambroxol hydrochloride (AM), bromhexine hydrochloride (BR), and salbutamol sulfate (SS); by immersing in 3 mL of respective solutions for 1 min, three times a day at intervals of 1 hr, for 5 days. µ-EDXRF analysis of enamel surface did not reveal significant erosion caused by the medications. However, ATR-FTIR showed a detectable shift in the phosphate (PO4 ) antisymmetric stretching mode (ν3 ) at â¼985 cm-1 for AM, BR, and SS, indicating erosion. Multivariate statistical analysis showed that AC, AM, SS, and BR could be classified with 70%, 80%, 100%, and 100% efficiency from S (control), further highlighting the ability of ATR-FTIR to identify degree of erosion. This suggests ATR-FTIR may be used to rapidly and nondestructively investigate erosive effects of medicaments.
Assuntos
Esmalte Dentário/efeitos dos fármacos , Medicamentos sem Prescrição/efeitos adversos , Espectroscopia de Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier , Erosão Dentária/induzido quimicamente , Antialérgicos/efeitos adversos , Bromofeniramina/efeitos adversos , Esmalte Dentário/patologia , Combinação de Medicamentos , Humanos , Loratadina/efeitos adversos , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura , Dente Molar/efeitos dos fármacos , Descongestionantes Nasais/efeitos adversos , Pseudoefedrina/efeitos adversos , Doenças Respiratórias/tratamento farmacológico , Espectrometria por Raios X/métodos , Propriedades de Superfície/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the bonding ability and nanoleakage of a universal adhesive applied to dentin pre-treated using a zoledronate-containing primer (zol-primer) before and after mechanical load cycling. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Flat dentin surfaces obtained from human molars were assigned to one of the following adhesion procedures (n=6): 1-Single Bond Universal (SBU) applied in etch-and-rinse mode; 2- SBU applied as etch-and-rinse after the application of zol-primer; 3- SBU applied in self-etch strategy; 4- SBU applied as self-etch after the use of zol-primer. Half of the specimens were processed for microtensile bond strength test after 24h, while the other half part was submitted to 200,000 mechanical cycles. Further specimens were silver-impregnated and assessed for interface nanoleakage by SEM. Data were analyzed with two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (p<0.05). RESULTS: At 24h evaluation, the four groups presented similar bond strengths, whilst both groups bonded with etch-and-rinse technique showed significant bond strength reduction after mechanical load (p<0.05), with the highest drop in bond strength for the specimens pre-treated with the zol-primer. No negative effects were found for self-etch strategy (p>0.05) in microtensile test. Lower nanoleakage expression was observed for etch-and-rinse specimens treated with zol-primer. However, noteworthy reduction of adhesive layer thickness was observed when combining the zol-primer with the self-etch bonding approach. CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that zol-primer should not be used along with a universal adhesive in etch-and-rinse mode, but its application before self-etch application may provide less degradation of the resin-dentin interface.
Assuntos
Colagem Dentária/métodos , Adesivos Dentinários/química , Dentina/química , Difosfonatos/química , Imidazóis/química , Dente Molar/efeitos dos fármacos , Cimentos de Resina/química , Adesivos , Bis-Fenol A-Glicidil Metacrilato , Resinas Compostas/química , Cimentos Dentários , Humanos , Teste de Materiais , Metacrilatos/química , Prata/química , Propriedades de Superfície , Resistência à Tração , Ácido ZoledrônicoRESUMO
Abstract The aim of this study is to evaluate the expression of cytokines in response to mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) plus selenium in germ-free mice with experimental furcal perforation. The first left maxillary molar was opened, and the furcal area was perforated and treated with post-MTA-Se (experimental group). The same surgical intervention was performed for the maxillary right first molar, which was treated with MTA (control group). Fifteen mice were sacrificed 7, 14, and 21 days after furcal perforation, and periapical tissue samples were collected. The mRNA expression levels of the cytokines TGF-β, TNF-α, IFN-γ, HPRT, IL-10, IL-4, RANK, RANKL, IL-1, and IL-17 were assessed by using real-time polymerase chain reaction. In the experimental group, at 21-days post-MTA-Se sealing, the mRNA levels of TNF-α and IL-10 were upregulated compared with those in the control group (p < 0.05). Futher assessment revealed basal mRNA expression levels of IL-1α, IFN-γ, RANK, RANKL, IL-17A, IL-4, and TGF-β, over long experimental times, in both the experimental and control groups (p > 0.05). In conclusion, MTA+Se sealing favoured increased expression of IL-10 and TNF-α at later time points (day 21).
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Feminino , Óxidos/farmacologia , Materiais Restauradores do Canal Radicular/farmacologia , Selênio/farmacologia , Citocinas/análise , Silicatos/farmacologia , Defeitos da Furca/tratamento farmacológico , Compostos de Cálcio/farmacologia , Compostos de Alumínio/farmacologia , Cavidade Pulpar/lesões , Tratamento do Canal Radicular/métodos , Fatores de Tempo , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Resultado do Tratamento , Defeitos da Furca/imunologia , Cavidade Pulpar/efeitos dos fármacos , Cavidade Pulpar/imunologia , Combinação de Medicamentos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real , Dente Molar/efeitos dos fármacos , Dente Molar/lesõesRESUMO
This study assessed the effect of curcumin as a photosensitizer in antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) for the treatment of induced periodontitis in rats. Periodontitis was induced via a ligature around the mandibular first molar on the left side of 96 rats. The ligature was removed 7 days later, and the animals were randomized into four groups: NT, no local treatment; CUR, irrigation with curcumin solution (40 µM); LED, irradiation with a light-emitting diode (LED, InGaN, 465-485 nm, 200 mW/cm2, 60 s); and aPDT, irrigation with curcumin solution (40 µM) followed by irradiation with LED. Eight animals from each group were euthanized at 7, 15, and 30 days post-treatment. Treatments were assessed using alveolar bone loss (ABL) in the furcation region using histological, histometric, and immunohistochemical analyses. Rats treated with aPDT exhibited less ABL at 7 days compared to the NT group, moderate pattern immunolabeling for osteoprotegerin at 30 days, and a pattern of immunolabeling for RANKL from moderate to low. Treatments resulted in smaller numbers of TRAP-positive cells compared to the NT group. aPDT as monotherapy using curcumin as a photosensitizer and LED as the light source was effective in the treatment of induced periodontitis in rats.