RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between occupational stressors and common mental disorders (CMD) among "invisible" health workers in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHOD: Cross-sectional study including a probabilistic sample of 1,014 health workers from three municipalities in Bahia. CMDs were assessed using the SRQ-20. The Effort-Reward Imbalance (ERI) scale and the Demand-Control Model assessed occupational stressors. Descriptive, bivariate, and multiple analysis to evaluate the association between the variables of interest. RESULTS: The global prevalence of CMD was 39.9%; it was higher among CHA/EDCA (47.2%), followed by management and surveillance staff (38.6%), technicians (35.4%), and support/maintenance/cleaning staff (29.9%). The association between occupational stressors and CMD varied among occupations: 1. Excessive work commitment (EWC), effort-reward imbalance (ERI), and psychological demand were associated with CMD among support/maintenance/cleaning workers; 2. EWC and ERI were associated with CMD among CHA/EDCA; 3. EWC, ERI, and low control over work were associated with CMD among technicians; 4. Among management and surveillance workers, only ERI remained associated with CMD. CONCLUSIONS: Occupational stressors played a relevant role in mental illness, with variation between occupational strata, demanding attention, monitoring, and control.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , Pessoal de Saúde , Transtornos Mentais , Estresse Ocupacional , Humanos , COVID-19/epidemiologia , COVID-19/psicologia , Estudos Transversais , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Transtornos Mentais/epidemiologia , Estresse Ocupacional/epidemiologia , Estresse Ocupacional/psicologia , Prevalência , Brasil/epidemiologia , Pessoal de Saúde/psicologia , Pessoal de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pandemias , SARS-CoV-2 , Adulto Jovem , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Doenças Profissionais/psicologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyse the attributable risk of mortality and DALYs (Disability Adjusted Life Years) due to occupational carcinogens for lung cancer between 1990 and 2019 in Brazil and federation units, as well as its relationship with the Socio-demographic Index (SDI). STUDY DESIGN: Epidemiological study. METHODS: This is an epidemiological study that used GBD 2019 (Global Burden of Disease Study) estimates of lung cancer mortality rates and DALYs attributable to occupational carcinogens. The relationship between these rates and SDI was assessed using panel data analysis. RESULTS: In Brazil, occupational exposure to asbestos, silica and diesel vapours accounted for more than 85.00% of lung cancer deaths and DALYs attributable to occupational carcinogens in both sexes between 1990 and 2019. An increase in both rates was observed in women for almost all the occupational carcinogens assessed, especially in the North and Northeast regions of the country, with diesel vapours standing out the most. CONCLUSIONS: The present study highlighted the urge to characterise exposure to occupational risks for lung cancer, especially for the female population in the North and Northeast regions of Brazil.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Pulmonares , Doenças Profissionais , Exposição Ocupacional , Humanos , Brasil/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Pulmonares/mortalidade , Neoplasias Pulmonares/epidemiologia , Feminino , Exposição Ocupacional/efeitos adversos , Exposição Ocupacional/estatística & dados numéricos , Masculino , Fatores de Risco , Doenças Profissionais/mortalidade , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Anos de Vida Ajustados por Deficiência , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Carga Global da Doença , Adulto , Carcinógenos/toxicidade , IdosoRESUMO
This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSD) and their association with individual and contextual factors in the Brazilian population. This quantitative cross-sectional study used secondary data from the Brazilian National Health Survey from August 2013 to February 2014. The dependent variable included WMSD, and independent variables were analyzed as individual and contextual factors. WMSD was mostly prevalent in females, individuals aged 43 to 59 years, with chronic physical or mental disorders, reporting frequent sleep disorders, and performing integrative and complementary health practices, physical exercise or sports, and heavy physical activity or housework. Regarding contextual factors, high social classes and proportion of individuals with formal work were associated with a high prevalence of WMSD, whereas a high Gini index was associated with a low prevalence. Thus, a high prevalence of WMSD in the Brazilian population was associated with individual and contextual factors, which should be the target of health professionals for actions of promotion, prevention, and intervention at individual or collective care levels.
Assuntos
Doenças Musculoesqueléticas , Doenças Profissionais , Humanos , Brasil/epidemiologia , Feminino , Masculino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doenças Musculoesqueléticas/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Prevalência , Adulto Jovem , Adolescente , Determinantes Sociais da Saúde , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , Fatores SocioeconômicosRESUMO
This study aimed to analyze the incidence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSD) in Brazil from 2007 to 2019, examining the spatial, temporal, and spatiotemporal patterns of their occurrence. An ecological time series study was conducted using spatial analysis techniques. WMSD morbidity data from 2007 to 2019 were collected from the Brazilian Information System for Notificable Diseases of the Brazilian Health Informatics Department. Incidence rates were standardized and smoothed using the local empirical Bayes' theorem. Time trends were analyzed by segmented linear regression. Spatial analysis was performed using Moran's univariate global (I) and local (LISA) indexes. The spatiotemporal scan statistic was used to identify high-risk spatiotemporal clusters for WMSD. A total of 93,387 cases of WMSD were recorded in Brazil. Temporal trends showed an increase in all regions except the Northeast, which remained stable. The incidence of WMSD showed a spatial dependence, with spatial and space-time clusters identified, especially in the Southeast region, overlapping the largest economic-industrial center of the country. The spatiotemporal clustering observed in one region suggests the highest level of industrial and economic development. Our findings highlight the need to implement intersectoral surveillance policies, inspect working conditions, and invest in the prevention and promotion of workers' health.
Assuntos
Doenças Musculoesqueléticas , Doenças Profissionais , Análise Espaço-Temporal , Humanos , Brasil/epidemiologia , Doenças Musculoesqueléticas/epidemiologia , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Incidência , Masculino , Feminino , Teorema de Bayes , Fatores de Risco , AdultoRESUMO
Crispim et al. demonstrated the independent risk factors for acquiring COVID-19 among healthcare personnel. They also showed the importance of infection prevention training to avoid acquiring COVID-19 in this population. OBJECTIVE: To verify the rate of COVID-19 infection among healthcare personnel at high and low risk of COVID-19 infection and identify the underlying risk factors. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted between December 1, 2020 and February 28, 2021. Associations were verified between the levels of risk (high or low) of occupational COVID-19 infection and participant characteristics using the World Health Organization risk assessment questionnaire and adjusted using logistic regression models in single and multiple approaches. RESULTS: Of the 486 participants, 57.4% were classified as having a high occupational risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection, with a diagnosis rate of 12.1%. The factors identified in the multivariate analysis for high occupational risk were age up to 29 years (odds ratio [OR] = 2.7, 95% confidence interval [95%CI] = 1.63-4.47), monthly family income greater than eight times the basic salary (OR= 1.8, 95%CI= 1.07-3.16), and healthcare personnel who did not participate in initial training to work in the area of patients with COVID-19 infection (OR= 2.39, 95%CI= 1.53-3.75). CONCLUSION: Encouraging training for occupational infection prevention is very important to reduce the impact of infectious diseases on healthcare personnel, especially young health professionals. COVID-19 infection among healthcare personnel has impacted the workforce in hospitals. Knowledge of the risk factors for COVID-19 infection is important for disease prevention measures. Failure to train healthcare personnel is an important risk factor for acquiring COVID-19.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , Pessoal de Saúde , Humanos , COVID-19/prevenção & controle , COVID-19/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoal de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Fatores de Risco , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Brasil/epidemiologia , Medição de Risco , SARS-CoV-2 , Inquéritos e Questionários , Transmissão de Doença Infecciosa do Paciente para o Profissional/prevenção & controle , Transmissão de Doença Infecciosa do Paciente para o Profissional/estatística & dados numéricos , Fatores Etários , Doenças Profissionais/prevenção & controle , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Adulto Jovem , Exposição Ocupacional/prevenção & controle , Exposição Ocupacional/estatística & dados numéricosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: to analyze exposure to ergonomic risks and the occurrence of musculoskeletal pain in workers in the Hospital Cleaning Service. METHOD: Convergent Care Research, with data production designed using mixed methods, implemented with 149 hospital cleaning workers. The methodological strategy of the convergent parallel project was employed, using observation, photographic records, questionnaires and convergence groups. The results were integrated through joint display. Data analysis with descriptive and inferential statistics and content analysis. RESULTS: the mixing of data highlighted the multifactorial nature of exposure to ergonomic risks (uncomfortable work postures; repetitive movements; prolonged orthostatism; use of equipment not adapted to the psychophysiological needs of workers) and musculoskeletal pain in the population investigated. The latter was prevalent in the lumbar spine, ankles or feet, wrists or hands, thoracic spine and shoulders. The concept of ergonomic risk was expanded and was influenced by the psychosocial aspects of work. CONCLUSION: the workers investigated are exposed to modifiable multifactorial ergonomic risks related to musculoskeletal pain. It is possible to promote innovations and teaching-learning actions to minimize them, such as the continuing education program, collectively constructed with recommendations for improvements.
Assuntos
Ergonomia , Zeladoria Hospitalar , Dor Musculoesquelética , Doenças Profissionais , Humanos , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Doenças Profissionais/etiologia , Dor Musculoesquelética/epidemiologia , Dor Musculoesquelética/etiologia , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
Introduction: Schoolteachers have reported multiple demands contributing to poor perceptions regarding their quality of life and high rates of musculoskeletal disorders. However, there are few studies about the association between musculoskeletal disorders and quality of life from the end of the academic period during the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective: Evaluate musculoskeletal disorders rates and their association with quality of life perceptions among teachers from the last academic period during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants and methods: A total sample of 161 Chilean schoolteachers was included in a cross-sectional study musculoskeletal disorders prevalence was evaluated using the Standardized Nordic Questionnaire, and quality of life was evaluated through the Short-Form 12 Health Survey Instrument. A logistic regression was applied to evaluate the association between musculoskeletal disorders and quality of life perceptions adjusted by gender, age, and contract type. Results: 98% of teachers have suffered from some type of musculoskeletal disorders during the last 12 months, and 64% have had six or more painful regions. Women showed a higher musculoskeletal disorders rate than men. The group of teachers with the most musculoskeletal disorders (≥p50) saw significantly greater risk of low scores on the physical (OR: 2.16; p < 0.05) and mental components (OR: 4.86; p < 0.01) of quality of life, regardless of gender, age, and contract type. Conclusion: High musculoskeletal disorders rates suggest that preventive and informative actions must be taken regarding these disorders in order to protect teachers' mental and physical health, considering the effects of the school year and the COVID-19 health crisis.
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COVID-19 , Doenças Musculoesqueléticas , Qualidade de Vida , Professores Escolares , Humanos , COVID-19/epidemiologia , COVID-19/psicologia , Qualidade de Vida/psicologia , Feminino , Masculino , Chile/epidemiologia , Doenças Musculoesqueléticas/epidemiologia , Doenças Musculoesqueléticas/psicologia , Estudos Transversais , Professores Escolares/psicologia , Professores Escolares/estatística & dados numéricos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto , Inquéritos e Questionários , Prevalência , SARS-CoV-2 , Pandemias , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Doenças Profissionais/psicologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The sculpting craft must adopt awkward postures that lead to musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the prevalence of musculoskeletal discomfort (MD) and its associations with postural risk factors, demographics, and work characteristics among sculptors. They were determined the differences between MDs during the weeks of the study. METHODS: A longitudinal study was conducted; MD was investigated using the Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire (CMDQ). Posture was assessed using the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment method (RULA). Multivariate logistic regression (MLR) models analyzed associations with different factors. ANOVA was used to test for differences in MD prevalence. RESULTS: The analysis included 585 responses by body region. The prevalence of MD was high in the lower and upper limbs among sculptors (67.6%), with the lower back, upper arm, neck, and knees being the four most affected regions. Gender (female) (ORâ=â2.15), marital status (married) (ORâ=â1.80), health risk (obesity), the dual of a secondary job (ORâ=â1.94), job stress (ORâ=â2.10), duration of work (ORâ=â2.01), and difficulty keeping up with work (ORâ=â2.00) were significant predictors contributing to the occurrence of MD in different body regions. Only shoulder MD prevalence showed significant differences between study weeks. CONCLUSIONS: Sculptors suffer from MD. Demographic and work characteristic factors influence MD prevalence. Postural training, improved adaptation of work organization, and intervention guidance on ergonomic risks may reduce the prevalence of MD and the risk of MSDs in this population.
Assuntos
Doenças Musculoesqueléticas , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Fatores de Risco , Adulto , México/epidemiologia , Doenças Musculoesqueléticas/epidemiologia , Doenças Musculoesqueléticas/etiologia , Prevalência , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Longitudinais , Inquéritos e Questionários , Postura/fisiologia , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Doenças Profissionais/etiologia , Modelos LogísticosRESUMO
Musculoskeletal disorders are one of the most recurrent diseases among manual workers worldwide. The objective of this study was to analyze primary results of a systematic review on ergonomics, musculoskeletal disorders, treatment, and return to work in blue-collar workers to form a new conceptual framework applicable to intervention programs in this area. This study was based on the available scientific evidence we identified. Descriptive data and their trending topics areas were used to form the conceptual framework. The trend shows that working conditions can be represented as a three-axis scheme with a multidimensional conceptual framework considering ergonomic risks, the treatment of affected workers and the determinants related to working conditions. These results may help future research in the field of ergonomics as well as emerging topics focused on intervention programs.
Los trastornos musculoesqueléticos son una de las enfermedades más recurrentes entre los trabajadores que realizan operaciones manuales a nivel mundial. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar los resultados primarios de una revisión sistemática sobre ergonomía, trastornos musculoesqueléticos, tratamiento y retorno al trabajo en trabajadores operativos para formar un nuevo marco conceptual aplicable a los programas de intervención en esta área. Este estudio se basó en la evidencia científica disponible identificada. Se utilizaron datos descriptivos y sus áreas de temas de tendencia para formar el marco conceptual. La tendencia muestra que las condiciones de trabajo pueden representarse como un esquema de tres ejes con un marco conceptual multidimensional que considera los riesgos ergonómicos, el tratamiento de los trabajadores afectados y los determinantes relacionados con las condiciones de trabajo. Estos resultados podrían ayudar a futuras investigaciones en el campo de la ergonomía, así como a temas emergentes centrados en programas de intervención.
Assuntos
Ergonomia , Doenças Musculoesqueléticas , Doenças Profissionais , Retorno ao Trabalho , Humanos , Doenças Musculoesqueléticas/prevenção & controle , Doenças Profissionais/prevenção & controle , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Retorno ao Trabalho/estatística & dados numéricos , Revisões Sistemáticas como AssuntoRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To analyze the association between occupational ergonomic risk, personal characteristics, and working conditions with the biomechanical properties of stiffness and muscular tone in the paravertebral muscles of electric pallet jack and forklift operators in the industrial sector. METHODS: A total of 75 industrial sector machine operators were evaluated in 2021. Personal characteristics and working conditions were assessed through a questionnaire. Ergonomic risk was assessed using the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) method, and biomechanical properties of stiffness and muscular tone were obtained using the Myoton Pro device. Stiffness in paravertebral muscles was compared based on the operated machine and observed ergonomic risk. A multilevel linear regression model was employed to quantify the relationship, with mean differences and 95% CI calculated. RESULTS: Very high ergonomic risk was found in 75% of the electric pallet truck drivers. In this group with the highest ergonomic risk, an association between biomechanical properties and older workers was observed. Additionally, among electric pallet truck drivers, stiffness (mean difference 335.9 N/m, 95% CI: 46.4 (3.4 to 110.0), P < 0.05) and paravertebral muscle tone (mean difference 17.5 Hz, 95% CI: 1.4 (0.1 to 3.4), P < 0.05) showed statistically significant differences in the very high ergonomic risk category compared to the high-risk category. No significant differences were observed in any of the analyzed variables among forklift drivers. CONCLUSIONS: Workers operating electric pallet trucks with very high ergonomic risk according to the REBA method and aged over 40 yr are associated with increased muscle stiffness and tone.