RESUMO
Crotalaria retusa L. (rattleweed), estimated to contain about 4.96% monocrotaline (MCT) in the seed, was associated with a natural poisoning outbreak in goats. The poisoning was experimentally reproduced by the administration of C. retusa seeds containing approximately 4.49% of MCT. Thus, 1 of 3 goats given a single dose of 5 g/kg bodyweight (bw) of seeds (248 mg MCT/kg bw) and 2 goats given a single dose of 347 mg MCT/kg bw showed acute clinical signs and were euthanized 10-11 days after dosing. Clinical signs and gross and histologic lesions were characteristic of acute centrilobular liver necrosis.
Assuntos
Doença Hepática Induzida por Substâncias e Drogas/veterinária , Crotalaria/intoxicação , Surtos de Doenças/veterinária , Doenças das Cabras/metabolismo , Monocrotalina/metabolismo , Animais , Brasil , Doença Hepática Induzida por Substâncias e Drogas/metabolismo , Cabras , Histocitoquímica/veterinária , Monocrotalina/intoxicação , Sementes/intoxicaçãoRESUMO
The present work aimed to study the behavior of acute phase proteins (haptoglobin, serum amyloid A, acid soluble glycoprotein, fibrinogen, and albumin) in fasting-induced pregnancy toxemia in goats and their relationship with classical indicators of this disorder such as beta-hydroxybutyrate and nonesterified fatty acids in the blood and decreased urine pH and ketonuria. Twelve adult Murciano-Granadina goats at the final stage of gestation were used in this experiment. Pregnancy toxemia was induced in 6 goats by fasting for 72 hr. The other 6 animals were used as control group. Ketonuria was present in 4 out of 5 fasting animals at 24 hr and in all fasting animals at 48 hr of fasting. Serum nonesterified fatty acids were significantly increased at 24, 48, and 72 hr of fasting. Beta-hydroxybutyrate and haptoglobin achieved significantly increased concentrations at 48 hr and 72 hr, respectively, remaining increased during the entire study. Serum amyloid A, acid soluble glycoprotein, fibrinogen, and albumin were not affected by fasting. In conclusion, acute phase proteins (including haptoglobin) seemed not to have an advantage over traditional markers in diagnosis of fasting-induced pregnancy toxemia in goats.
Assuntos
Doenças das Cabras/metabolismo , Pré-Eclâmpsia/veterinária , Animais , Feminino , Fibrinogênio/análise , Fibrinogênio/metabolismo , Cabras , Haptoglobinas/análise , Haptoglobinas/metabolismo , Pré-Eclâmpsia/metabolismo , Gravidez , Distribuição Aleatória , Albumina Sérica/análise , Albumina Sérica/metabolismo , Proteína Amiloide A Sérica/análise , Proteína Amiloide A Sérica/metabolismo , Estatísticas não ParamétricasRESUMO
Clostridium perfringens type D produces enterotoxaemia in goats, sheep and other animals. The disease is caused by C. perfringens epsilon toxin and, while enterotoxaemia in goats is usually characterized by enterocolitis, the disease in sheep is characterized by systemic lesions (such as lung and brain oedema) with minor and inconsistent changes observed in the intestine. A possible explanation for these differences is that epsilon toxin is more promptly absorbed by the ovine than by the caprine intestine. In an attempt to clarify this, we examined the early effects of epsilon toxin on caprine and ovine intestine. Intestinal loop assays were performed to analyse the physiological and morphological changes induced by epsilon toxin in the intestine of these species. Fluid accumulation was observed in caprine and ovine ileum and colon treated with epsilon toxin. Ileal loops from goats treated with epsilon toxin retained sodium and water earlier than ovine ileal loops treated with the same toxin. Histological analysis showed morphological alterations in the colon of both species as early as 2 h after the commencement of epsilon toxin treatment: these changes were more marked in goats than in sheep. No morphological changes were observed in the ileum of either species after 4 h incubation with epsilon toxin. These results suggest that epsilon toxin modifies ion and water transport in the small and the large intestine of goats and sheep through different mechanisms.
Assuntos
Toxinas Bacterianas/toxicidade , Clostridium perfringens/metabolismo , Enterotoxemia/microbiologia , Doenças das Cabras/microbiologia , Enteropatias/veterinária , Doenças dos Ovinos/microbiologia , Animais , Toxinas Bacterianas/farmacocinética , Clostridium perfringens/química , Colo/metabolismo , Colo/microbiologia , Enterotoxemia/metabolismo , Doenças das Cabras/metabolismo , Cabras , Íleo/metabolismo , Íleo/microbiologia , Enteropatias/metabolismo , Enteropatias/microbiologia , Ovinos , Doenças dos Ovinos/metabolismo , Sódio/metabolismoRESUMO
The pharmacokinetic behavior of marbofloxacin was studied in seven healthy goats and in the same goats with induced fever after single-dose intravenous (i.v.) administration of 2 mg/kg b.w. Fever was induced by the administration of Escherichia coli endotoxin. Drug concentration in plasma was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Drug distribution was somehow altered by fever as febrile goats showed a volume of distribution at steady-state (Vss = 0.72 +/- 0.15 L/kg) lower than normal goats (Vss = 1.19 +/- 0.33 L/kg). The elimination of the drug was also modified. Total plasma clearance (Cl) decreased from 0.24 +/- 0.12 L/kg/h in healthy animals to 0.13 +/- 0.05 L/kg/h in animals with endotoxin-induced fever, which is related to an increase in the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC). Consequently, mean residence time (MRT) was also slightly increased in sick animals (MRT = 5.28 +/- 00.99 and 6.09 +/- 01.45 h, in healthy and febrile animals, respectively).