RESUMO
The aim of the present study was to examine the parasite fauna present in mountain viscacha Lagidium viscacia (Caviomorpha, Chinchillidae) fecal pellets collected from 'Cueva Peligro', a cave located in Chubut province, Patagonia, Argentina, throughout the last 1200 years. A total of 84 samples were examined for parasites. Each pellet was whole processed: rehydrated, homogenized, sediment and examined using light microscopy. The samples and eggs of parasites present were described, measured and photographed. Thirty-eight samples tested positive for the nematodes Heteroxynema (Cavioxyura) viscaciae Sutton & Hugot, 1989, Helminthoxys effilatus Schuurmans-Stekhoven, 1951 (Oxyurida: Oxyuridae), Trichuris sp. Roederer, 1761 (Trichinellida: Trichuridae) and one anoplocephalid species (Cestoda: Anoplocephalidae). This is the first time that H. effilatus is reported from ancient times. Significant differences of parasite occurrences through this temporal period were recorded. Parasitic life cycles and their presence along the studied period are so discussed.
Assuntos
Doenças Parasitárias em Animais/história , Doenças dos Roedores/história , Animais , Argentina , Cavernas/parasitologia , Fezes/parasitologia , História do Século XV , História do Século XVI , História do Século XVII , História do Século XVIII , História do Século XIX , História do Século XX , História do Século XXI , História Medieval , Paleopatologia , Doenças dos Roedores/parasitologia , RoedoresRESUMO
We present the results of paleoparasitological analyses in coprolites of Kerodon rupestris, rodent endemic to rocky areas of Brazil's semiarid region. The coprolites were collected from excavations at the archaeological site of Toca dos Coqueiros, in the National Park of Serra da Capivara, southeastern of state of Piauí. Syphacia sp. (Nematoda: Oxyuridae) eggs were identified in coprolites dated at 5,300 ± 50 years before present. This is the first record of the genus Syphacia in rodent coprolites in the Americas.
Assuntos
Fezes/parasitologia , Oxiuríase/veterinária , Oxyuroidea/isolamento & purificação , Doenças dos Roedores/história , Roedores/parasitologia , Animais , Brasil , Fósseis , História Antiga , Oxiuríase/história , Paleopatologia , Doenças dos Roedores/parasitologiaRESUMO
We present the results of paleoparasitological analyses in coprolites of Kerodon rupestris, rodent endemic to rocky areas of Brazil's semiarid region. The coprolites were collected from excavations at the archaeological site of Toca dos Coqueiros, in the National Park of Serra da Capivara, southeastern of state of Piauí. Syphacia sp. (Nematoda: Oxyuridae) eggs were identified in coprolites dated at 5,300 ± 50 years before present. This is the first record of the genus Syphacia in rodent coprolites in the Americas.
Assuntos
Animais , História Antiga , Fezes/parasitologia , Oxiuríase/veterinária , Oxyuroidea/isolamento & purificação , Doenças dos Roedores/história , Roedores/parasitologia , Brasil , Fósseis , Oxiuríase/história , Paleopatologia , Doenças dos Roedores/parasitologiaRESUMO
The aim of the present study was to examine the parasite remains present in rodent coprolites collected from the archaeological site Cerro Casa de Piedra 7 (CCP7), located in the Perito Moreno National Park (47°57'S, 72°05'W), Santa Cruz Province, Argentina. Eight coprolites obtained from the layer 17, dated at 10,620 ± 40 to 9,390 ± 40 yr B.P., were examined for parasites. Feces were processed whole, rehydrated, homogenized, subjected to spontaneous sedimentation, and examined via light microscopy. Eggs of parasites were measured and photographed. Seven of 8 coprolites possessed 199 eggs of 2, probably new, species of nematodes, including 43 eggs of Heteroxynema sp. Hall, 1916 (Cavioxyura sp. Quentin, 1975) (Oxyurida, Heteroxynematidae), and 156 eggs of Trichuris sp. Roederer, 1761 (Trichinellida, Trichuridae). Heteroxynema sp. is cited for the first time from ancient material worldwide. The finding of Trichuris spp. in both rodents and other host samples from the area under study is indicative of the stability of the biological and environmental conditions for this nematode genus to establish in the Patagonian Early Holocene. The rodent host was assigned to an unknown species of Caviomorpha (Hystricognathi) that lived during the Pleistocenic transition in Patagonia.
Assuntos
Infecções por Nematoides/história , Paleopatologia , Doenças dos Roedores/história , Animais , Argentina , Fezes/parasitologia , Fósseis , História Antiga , Óvulo , Oxyuroidea/isolamento & purificação , Doenças dos Roedores/parasitologia , Roedores , Trichuris/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
The aim of the present study was to examine the parasite fauna present in rodent coprolites collected from Cerro Casa de Piedra (CCP7), located in Perito Moreno National Park (P.N.PM., 47 degrees 57'S and 72 degrees 05'W), Santa Cruz Province, Argentina. Eight coprolites obtained from the layer XIII of CCP7, with an antiquity considered as 7,920 +/- 130 yr B.P, were examined for parasites. Each coprolite was whole processed, rehydrated, homogenized, spontaneously sedimented, and examined using light microscopy. Eggs of parasites were measured and photographed. All the samples were parasitized by nematodes, with 267 eggs of Trichuris sp., 24 eggs of an aspidoderid, and 3 capillariid eggs. The rodent host was tentatively identified as a species of Ctenomys, the hypogeic rodents endemic to South America. The finding of Paraspidodera in Patagonian samples represents new evidence that strengthens the co-phylogenies between nematodes of this genus and Ctenomys and reinforces the value of parasites as tags in paleoparasitology.
Assuntos
Fezes/parasitologia , Fósseis , Paleopatologia , Doenças Parasitárias em Animais/história , Doenças dos Roedores/história , Animais , Argentina , Ascaridídios/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Ascaridida/história , Infecções por Ascaridida/parasitologia , Enoplídios/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Enoplida/história , Infecções por Enoplida/parasitologia , História Antiga , Óvulo , Doenças Parasitárias em Animais/parasitologia , Doenças dos Roedores/parasitologia , Roedores , Tricuríase/história , Tricuríase/parasitologia , Trichuris/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
Organic remains attributable to one regurgitated pellet were examined. The pellet, belonging to a bird of prey and collected from a cave of Southern Patagonia, was dated at 6,540 +/- 110 yr. With standard paleoparasitological procedures, eggs of Capillaria sp. and a mite, Demodex sp., were found. The parasites found in the pellet belong to a rodent ingested by the bird. The present report constitutes the first paleoparasitological study of a regurgitated pellet.
Assuntos
Doenças das Aves/história , Capillaria/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Enoplida/história , Aves Predatórias/parasitologia , Doenças dos Roedores/história , Animais , Argentina , Doenças das Aves/parasitologia , Infecções por Enoplida/veterinária , Conteúdo Gastrointestinal/parasitologia , História Antiga , Infestações por Ácaros/história , Infestações por Ácaros/veterinária , Paleopatologia , Doenças dos Roedores/parasitologiaRESUMO
During several excavations of archeological sites in the Moquegua Valley, Southern Peru, various guinea pig mummies (Cavia aperea f. porcellus) have been discovered. They belong to the Chiribaya Culture (900-1100 AD). The outstanding preservation of the mummified animals gave rise to the idea of a paleoparasitological analysis. In the fur, numerous well preserved ectoparasites (lice, fleas, mites) could be recovered. Generally, ectoparasite remains are rarely found among archeological material. This is the first account of an extensive ectoparasitological analysis of animal mummies in Peru. A modified technique for recovery and preservation of the ectoparasites has been developed.
Assuntos
Ectoparasitoses/história , Cobaias/parasitologia , Múmias/parasitologia , Doenças dos Roedores/história , Animais , História Medieval , Paleopatologia , Peru , Doenças dos Roedores/parasitologiaRESUMO
Trichuris eggs were found in Kerodon rupestris (Rodentia, Caviidae) coprolites collected in archaeological layers dated from 30,000 yr BP (before present) to 8,450 yr BP. Adult worms and eggs of this genus were not found in a search of living mammals of the region. Results indicate that K. rupestris was a host for an unknown Trichuris species not found in this rodent presently. Climate changes that occurred by 10,000 yr ago in the region could be the cause of its disappearance. The finding of parasites in archaeological material can show the antiquity of host-parasite relationships and parasite losses through time.