RESUMO
Orthohantaviruses, cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, nephropathia epidemica, and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, are major public health problems all over the world. Wild rodent surveillance for orthohantaviruses is of great importance for the preparedness against these human infections and the prediction of possible outbreak regions. Thus, we aimed to screen orthohantaviruses in wild rodents in Southern Anatolia, where the area has some of the glacial period refugia in the Mediterranean Basin, and interpret their current epidemiology with climatic biovariables in comparison with previously positive regions.We trapped muroid rodents between 2015 and 2017, and screened for orthohantaviruses. Then, we evaluated the relationship between orthohantavirus infections and bioclimatic variables. In spite of the long-term and seasonal sampling, we found no evidence for Orthohantavirus infections. The probable absence of orthohantaviruses in the sampling area was further evaluated from the climatic perspective, and results led us suggest that Orthohantavirus epidemiology might be relatively dependent on precipitation levels in driest and warmest quarters, and temperature fluctuations.These initial data might provide necessary perspective on wild rodent surveillance for orthohantaviruses in other regions, and help to collect lacking data for a such habitat suitability study in a bigger scale in the future.
Assuntos
Clima , Infecções por Hantavirus , Orthohantavírus , Animais , Orthohantavírus/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Hantavirus/epidemiologia , Infecções por Hantavirus/virologia , Infecções por Hantavirus/veterinária , Animais Selvagens/virologia , Roedores/virologia , Saúde Única , Doenças dos Roedores/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Roedores/virologia , Turquia/epidemiologia , Estações do Ano , HumanosRESUMO
Few cases of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome have been reported in northeastern Argentina. However, neighboring areas show a higher incidence, suggesting underreporting. We evaluated the presence of antibodies against orthohantavirus in small rodents throughout Misiones province. Infected Akodon affinis montensis and Oligoryzomys nigripes native rodents were found in protected areas of Misiones.
Assuntos
Anticorpos Antivirais , Orthohantavírus , Animais , Argentina/epidemiologia , Orthohantavírus/imunologia , Orthohantavírus/classificação , Orthohantavírus/isolamento & purificação , Anticorpos Antivirais/sangue , Infecções por Hantavirus/epidemiologia , Infecções por Hantavirus/veterinária , Infecções por Hantavirus/virologia , Roedores/virologia , Doenças dos Roedores/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Roedores/virologia , Humanos , Síndrome Pulmonar por Hantavirus/epidemiologia , Reservatórios de Doenças/virologiaRESUMO
The aim of this study was to evaluate the possibility of free-ranging animals/hunting dogs as sources of infection in the vaccinia virus (VACV) transmission chain. Serological, cell culture and molecular assays were conducted in 56 free-ranging animals and 22 hunting dogs. ELISA/neutralizing assays showed that two (2.5%) capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) had anti-OPV positive antibodies, while all samples tested negative through PCR/cell culture. After being hit by cars on roads, capybaras that exhibited neither clinical signs nor any association with bovine outbreaks had neutralizing antibodies against the Orthopoxvirus, as detected through plaque-reduction neutralizing tests and ELISA. Evidence exists regarding peridomestic capybaras acting as a source of the virus and serving as a link between wild and urban environments, thus contributing to viral maintenance.
Assuntos
Reservatórios de Doenças/veterinária , Doenças do Cão/transmissão , Doenças dos Roedores/epidemiologia , Roedores/virologia , Vaccinia virus/imunologia , Vacínia/veterinária , Animais , Animais Selvagens , Anticorpos Neutralizantes , Brasil/epidemiologia , Bovinos , Reservatórios de Doenças/virologia , Doenças do Cão/epidemiologia , Doenças do Cão/virologia , Cães , Testes de Neutralização/veterinária , Doenças dos Roedores/virologia , Vacínia/epidemiologia , Vacínia/transmissão , Vacínia/virologia , Vaccinia virus/isolamento & purificação , ZoonosesRESUMO
Small mammals present in areas where hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) cases had occurred in central and southern Chile were captured and analyzed to evaluate the abundance of rodents and seroprevalence rates of antibodies to Andes orthohantavirus (ANDV). Sampling areas ranged from the Coquimbo to Aysén regions (30-45° S approx.) regions. Ninety-two sites in peridomestic and countryside areas were evaluated in 19 years of sampling. An antibody against ANDV was detected by strip immunoassay in 58 of 1847 specimens captured using Sherman traps. Of the eleven species of rodents sampled, Abrothrix olivacea, Oligoryzomys longicaudatus and Abrothrix hirta were the most frequently trapped. O. longicaudatus had the highest seropositivity rate, and by logistic regression analysis, O. longicaudatus of at least 60 g had 80% or higher probability to be seropositive. Sex, age and wounds were significantly related to seropositivity only for O. longicaudatus. Across administrative regions, the highest seropositivity was found in the El Maule region (34.8-36.2° S), and the highest number of HCPS cases was registered in the Aysén region. Our results highlight the importance of long term and geographically extended studies, particularly for highly fluctuating pathogens and their reservoirs, to understand the implications of the dynamics and transmission of zoonotic diseases in human populations.
Assuntos
Anticorpos Antivirais/sangue , Reservatórios de Doenças/virologia , Infecções por Hantavirus/veterinária , Doenças dos Roedores/virologia , Roedores/virologia , Zoonoses/transmissão , Distribuição Animal , Animais , Chile/epidemiologia , Feminino , Geografia , Orthohantavírus , Infecções por Hantavirus/epidemiologia , Síndrome Pulmonar por Hantavirus/transmissão , Humanos , Masculino , Doenças dos Roedores/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Roedores/transmissão , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Zoonoses/epidemiologia , Zoonoses/virologiaRESUMO
Hantaviruses, causal agents of the potentially lethal hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, have widely distributed rodent hosts. Using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, we tested blood from 398 wild rodents captured in eastern New Mexico, US in 2015-17 and found 42 antibody-positive samples representing six genera.
Assuntos
Anticorpos Antivirais/sangue , Infecções por Hantavirus/veterinária , Orthohantavírus/imunologia , Doenças dos Roedores/virologia , Roedores/sangue , Animais , Infecções por Hantavirus/epidemiologia , Infecções por Hantavirus/virologia , New Mexico/epidemiologia , Fatores de Risco , Doenças dos Roedores/sangue , Doenças dos Roedores/epidemiologia , Estações do AnoRESUMO
Neotropical wild rodents from Costa Rica were analyzed for the presence of herpesviruses (order Herpesvirales, family Herpesviridae). Using a broadly generic PCR, herpesvirus sequences were detected in 5% (8/160) of liver and heart samples: seven putative gammaherpesviruses in samples from Talamancan oryzomys (Nephelomys devius), sprightly colilargo (Oligoryzomys vegetus), Mexican deer mouse (Peromyscus nudipes), and Chiriqui harvest mouse (Reithrodontomys creper) and one putative betaherpesvirus in long-tailed singing mouse (Scotinomys xerampelinus). Results from this study could guide ecological investigations targeting the prevalence and host associations of herpesviruses in wild rodents from Costa Rica.
Assuntos
Betaherpesvirinae/isolamento & purificação , Gammaherpesvirinae/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Herpesviridae/veterinária , Doenças dos Roedores/virologia , Roedores/virologia , Animais , Costa Rica/epidemiologia , Infecções por Herpesviridae/epidemiologia , Infecções por Herpesviridae/virologia , Doenças dos Roedores/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Four of the nine sigmodontine tribes have species that serve as reservoirs of rodent-borne hantaviruses (RBO-HV), few have been studied in any depth. Several viruses have been associated with human cases of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome often through peridomestic exposure. Jabora (JABV) and Juquitiba (JUQV), harbored by Akodon montensis and Oligoryzomys nigripes, respectively, are endemic and sympatric in the Reserva Natural de Bosque Mbaracayú (RNBM), Paraguay, a protected area of the Interior Atlantic Forest. Rodent communities were surveyed along a 30 km stretch of the RNBM in eight vegetation classifications (Low, High, Bamboo, Riparian and Liana Forests, Bamboo Understory, Cerrado, and Meadow/Grasslands). We collected 417 rodents from which 11 species were identified; Akodon montensis was the predominant species (72%; 95%CI: 64.7%-76.3%), followed by Hylaeamys megacephalus (15% (11.2%-18.2%)) and Oligoryzomys nigripes (9% (6.6%-12.4%)). We examined the statistical associations among habitat (vegetation class) type, rodent species diversity, population structure (age, sex, and weight), and prevalence of RBO-HV antibody and/or viral RNA (Ab/RNA) or characteristic Leishmania tail lesions. Ab/RNA positive rodents were not observed in Cerrado and Low Forest. A. montensis had an overall Ab/RNA prevalence of 7.7% (4.9%-11.3%) and O. nigripes had an overall prevalence of 8.6% (1.8%-23.1%). For A. montensis, the odds of being Ab/RNA positive in High Forest was 3.73 times of the other habitats combined. There was no significant difference among age classes in the proportion of Ab/RNA positive rodents overall (p = 0.66), however, all 11 RNA-positive individuals were adult. Sex and habitat had independent prognostic value for hantaviral Ab/RNA in the study population; age, presence of tail scar/lesion (19% of the rodents) and weight did not. Adjusting for habitat, female rodents had less risk of becoming infected. Importantly, these data suggest habitat preferences of two sympatric rodent reservoirs for two endemic hantaviruses and the importance of including habitat in models of species diversity and habitat fragmentation.
Assuntos
Reservatórios de Doenças/virologia , Infecções por Hantavirus/epidemiologia , Orthohantavírus/isolamento & purificação , Doenças dos Roedores/epidemiologia , Roedores/virologia , Animais , Reservatórios de Doenças/classificação , Ecossistema , Feminino , Infecções por Hantavirus/virologia , Síndrome Pulmonar por Hantavirus/epidemiologia , Síndrome Pulmonar por Hantavirus/virologia , Humanos , Masculino , Paraguai/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Roedores/virologia , Roedores/classificaçãoRESUMO
A novel polyomavirus (PyVs) comprising 5,422 bp was identified by high-throughput sequencing (HTS) in pooled organs of nutria (Myocastor coypus). The new genome displays the archetypal organization of PyVs, which includes open reading frames for the regulatory proteins small T antigen (sTAg) and large T antigen (LTAg), as well as for the capsid proteins VP1, VP2 and VP3. Based on the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) Polyomaviridae Study Group criteria, this genome comprises a new PyVs species for the Alphapolyomavirus genus and is putatively named "Myocastor coypus Polyomavirus 1" . The complete genome sequence of this Myocastor coypus Polyomavirus 1 (McPyV1) isolate is publically available under the GenBank accession no. MH182627.
Assuntos
Infecções por Polyomavirus/veterinária , Polyomavirus/isolamento & purificação , Doenças dos Roedores/virologia , Roedores/virologia , Animais , Antígenos Virais de Tumores/genética , Proteínas do Capsídeo/genética , Genoma Viral , Sequenciamento de Nucleotídeos em Larga Escala , Fases de Leitura Aberta , Filogenia , Polyomavirus/classificação , Polyomavirus/genética , Infecções por Polyomavirus/virologia , RatosRESUMO
We captured 3 hantavirus rodent hosts in Otamendi Natural Reserve, Argentina, during 2007-2012. Hantavirus antibodies were found only in Akodon azarae grass mice, mainly in males and old animals. Higher abundance of this species was associated with warm and rainy weather and high water levels, which peaked after a strong El Niño event.
Assuntos
Infecções por Hantavirus/veterinária , Orthohantavírus/isolamento & purificação , Roedores/fisiologia , Roedores/virologia , Animais , Anticorpos Antivirais , Argentina , Doenças Transmissíveis Emergentes , Reservatórios de Doenças/veterinária , Ecossistema , Infecções por Hantavirus/epidemiologia , Densidade Demográfica , Doenças dos Roedores/sangue , Doenças dos Roedores/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Roedores/virologia , Roedores/sangue , Fatores de Tempo , ZoonosesRESUMO
Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome is an emerging serious disease in the Americas, transmitted from wild rodents to humans through inhalation of aerosol containing virus. Herein, we characterized two distinct hantaviruses circulating in rodent species form Central Plateau, Midwestern region of Brazil in the Cerrado (savanna-like) biome, an area characterized by small trees and grasses adapted to climates with long dry periods. In this study, we identified the co-circulation of the Araraquara virus and a possible new lineage of the Juquitiba virus (JUQV) in Oligoryzomys nigripes. The implications of co-circulation are still unknown, but it can be the key for increasing viral diversity or emergence of new species through spillover or host switching events leading to co-infection and consequently recombination or reassortment between different virus species. Phylogenetic analyses based on the complete S segment indicated that, alongside with Oligoryzomys mattogrossae rodents, O. nigripes species could also have a whole as JUQV reservoir in the Cerrado biome. Although these rodents' species are common in the Cerrado biome, they are not abundant demonstrating how complex and different hantavirus enzootic cycles can be in this particular biome.