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ABSTRACT Qualifying the medical profile to meet the population's main health needs is a challenge for contemporary medical schools. In this process, the medical professor has a prominent place, since medical teaching practice is based on the production of models considered valid, previously learned, and the experience of medical practice. One questions, thus, the physician's pedagogical aptitude to teach, since the professor-academic relationship occurs differently from the physician-patient relationship, starting from the need to understand which ways professors seek to acquire the teaching-specific skills. Objective To carry out an integrative review on the pedagogical training of physicians in the teaching context. Methods This is a non-observational, descriptive integrative review of the literature. Initially, we searched the databases at the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (Lilacs), the US National Library of Medicine and the National Institutes of Health (PubMed) and the Cochrane Library with the help of the Boolean operator and the following descriptors: Health Human Resource Training; Faculty, Medical and Education, Medical, Continuing. The inclusion criteria were free, complete articles, published from 2012 to 2016, in Portuguese, Spanish and English. Results The search resulted in 24 articles those discuss the research theme. After exhaustive reading of the articles found, only five converged and answered the guiding question raised in the initial reflection. Teaching strategies and methodologies, as well as the evaluation of clinical supervision processes to construct the students' technical knowledge appear as important topics on learning and teaching. In addition, these discussions raise professors' need for continuing education programs, as well as the construction of evaluation tools for professors, tutors and preceptors. Conclusions This study highlights the continuous improvement in the professors' pedagogical training and the development of permanent education programs and improvement of the faculty by the school.

RESUMO A formação de um perfil médico resolutivo das principais necessidades de saúde da população é um desafio para as escolas médicas contemporâneas. Nesse processo, o docente médico destaca-se, visto que a prática docente na formação médica se baseia na reprodução de modelos considerados válidos, aprendidos anteriormente, e na experiência prática. Questiona-se, então, a aptidão pedagógica do médico ao exercício docente, uma vez que a relação professor-acadêmico se dá em esferas diferentes da relação médico-paciente, partindo da necessidade de entender quais caminhos os docentes buscam para adquirir habilidades específicas à docência. Objetivo Realizar uma revisão integrativa acerca da formação pedagógica dos médicos no contexto da docência. Métodos Revisão integrativa da literatura, não observacional, descritiva. Inicialmente, buscaram-se estudos nas bases de dados Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (Lilacs), US National Library of Medicine e National Institutes of Health (PubMed) e na Cochrane Library com auxílio do operador booleano e dos seguintes descritores: Health Human Resource Training; Faculty, Medical e Education, Medical, Continuing. Os critérios de inclusão foram: artigos gratuitos, completos, publicados entre 2012 e 2016, em português, espanhol e inglês. Resultados Nas quatro bases de dados, encontraram-se 24 artigos relacionados ao tema da pesquisa. Após leitura exaustiva dos artigos encontrados, apenas cinco convergiam e respondiam à questão norteadora levantada na reflexão inicial. As estratégias e metodologias de ensino e a avaliação dos processos de supervisão clínica na construção do saber técnico dos estudantes aparecem como tópicos importantes no aprender e exercer a docência. Além disso, emerge, nessas discussões, a necessidade de programas de educação continuada na formação docente, bem como a construção de instrumentos avaliativos dos professores, tutores e preceptores. Conclusões Nesse modo, ressalta-se o aprimoramento contínuo na formação pedagógica dos docentes e no desenvolvimento de programas de educação permanente e o aprimoramento do corpo docente pela escola.

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BACKGROUND: Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) has revolutionized the ability of bronchoscopists to visualize and sample structures surrounding the tracheobronchial tree. It has been shown to be safe, minimally invasive, and highly accurate in the staging and diagnosing of mediastinal diseases. A prior survey of pulmonary fellowship program directors conducted in 2004 showed that only 2% of programs offered EBUS training. METHODS: Surveys were mailed to 154 pulmonary/critical care fellowship directors in the United States and Puerto Rico. Demographics of the fellowship and details of EBUS training were recorded. A comparison of EBUS volume was made between programs with and without an identifiable interventional pulmonologist (IP). RESULTS: The survey response rate was 71%. EBUS equipment was available at 89% of programs. Of those without EBUS, 100% expressed the goal of obtaining equipment within the year. An identifiable IP was present in 70% of programs. This was associated with more EBUS procedures performed by trainees ( P , .01). Only 30% of programs have a formal protocol in place to evaluate EBUS competency. Conventional transbronchial needle aspiration is routinely taught in 89% of fellowship programs. CONCLUSIONS: EBUS exposure has rapidly disseminated into fellowship training programs, and programs with an identifiable IP are more likely to provide fellows with more EBUS procedures. The findings of this survey point out the need to develop a standardized protocol for EBUS competency that includes current recommendations and may require training with simulation.

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