RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the plasma levels of IL-17A in fibromyalgia patients, and to look for any correlations between this data and the concentrations of some pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. METHODS: We performed a study including 58 fibromyalgia patients and 39 healthy women matched for age and body mass index. The plasma levels of IL-17A and other pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines were measured by using the technique of cytometric bead array (CBA). The analysis of differences between groups was performed using Mann-Whitney test and the analysis of the correlations by Spearman's correlation test. RESULTS: The analyses showed that fibromyalgia patients present increased levels of IL-17A. They also revealed that plasma concentrations of IL17A positively correlate with levels of IL-2, IL-4 and IL-10, TNF and IFNγ. CONCLUSIONS: As far as we are aware, this is the first study to demonstrate increased levels of IL17A in fibromyalgia patients. The positive correlation between the levels of IL-17A and of other cytokines strengthens the hypothesis of the involvement of inflammatory mechanisms in the development of this syndrome.
Assuntos
Fibromialgia/imunologia , Mediadores da Inflamação/sangue , Interleucina-17/sangue , Biomarcadores/sangue , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Feminino , Fibromialgia/sangue , Fibromialgia/diagnóstico , Humanos , Interferon gama/sangue , Interleucina-10/sangue , Interleucina-2/sangue , Interleucina-4/sangue , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa , Regulação para CimaRESUMO
There is common agreement that fibromyalgia (FM) is an extremely heterogeneous entity. Patients differ in their clinical symptoms, endocrine and immune parameters. In this study we evaluated endocrine and immunological features of distinct subsets of FM patients. In contrast to previous attempts to identify subsets of FM patients, based solely on their psychological and cognitive features, herein we propose to separate FM patients by genetic features. Allelic expression of the polymorphic promoter region of the serotonin transporter (5-HTTLPR) was analysed as a relevant genetic factor for FM. Seventy-five patients meeting the American College of Rheumatology criteria and 27 healthy age-matched controls participated in this study. All controls and FM patients were submitted to genotyping of 5-HTTLPR. Twenty-seven FM patients, who were able to discontinue hypnotic, sedative or psychotropic prescription medications for at least 2 weeks, were then subdivided into L (homozygote LL) or S groups (genotypes LS and SS). They were evaluated for salivary cortisol levels, absolute number of leucocyte subpopulations, including natural killer (NK) cells and activated T and B lymphocytes. Both groups presented decreased cortisol levels, more intense in the L group, increased all B lymphocytes subsets and reduced CD4+CD25high T lymphocytes. The L group had increased CD4+CD25low activated T lymphocytes, while the S group displayed elevated CD4+ human leucocyte antigen D-related (HLA-DR)+ activated T lymphocytes and decreased NK cells. We demonstrate that genetic factors may help to identify FM individuals with differentially altered frequencies of immune cells.
Assuntos
Fibromialgia/genética , Fibromialgia/imunologia , Adulto , Subpopulações de Linfócitos B/imunologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Feminino , Genótipo , Humanos , Hidrocortisona/metabolismo , Células Matadoras Naturais/imunologia , Contagem de Leucócitos , Ativação Linfocitária/imunologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Regiões Promotoras Genéticas/genética , Saliva/metabolismo , Proteínas da Membrana Plasmática de Transporte de Serotonina/genética , Subpopulações de Linfócitos T/imunologiaRESUMO
Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is now understood as a chronic pain syndrome, and recent evidence indicates it is not a pure psychosomatic disorder. We review the current knowledge in FMS pain pathways, focusing on the central system sensitization phenomenon and the abnormalities in the inhibitory pain systems. Chronic headache is one of the most common symptoms in FMS, and better knowledge of their common pathophysiologic features can help us understand both conditions better. These features include the nerve growth factor actions and failure of the endocannabinoid system. In addition, we review new immunological aspects of FMS, both in their humoral (autoantibodies, antipolymer antibodies) and cytokine (interleukin-2) aspects.
Assuntos
Fibromialgia/imunologia , Anticorpos/imunologia , Autoanticorpos/imunologia , Doença Crônica , Potenciais Somatossensoriais Evocados/fisiologia , Fibromialgia/epidemiologia , Fibromialgia/fisiopatologia , Cefaleia/epidemiologia , Cefaleia/fisiopatologia , Humanos , Interleucina-2/imunologia , Vias Neurais/fisiologia , Nociceptores/fisiologia , Limiar da Dor , Polímeros/efeitos adversos , Células do Corno Posterior/fisiologia , Transtornos Psicofisiológicos/diagnóstico , Transtornos Psicofisiológicos/epidemiologia , Transtornos Psicofisiológicos/psicologia , Substância P/líquido cefalorraquidianoRESUMO
The aim of this work was to study the expression and function of the inhibitory receptor ILT2/CD85j in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We studied 23 SLE patients as well as 17 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, 10 with fibromyalgia, and 23 healthy individuals. We found a variable level of expression of ILT2 in the PBMC from both SLE patients and controls, with no significant differences among them. However, when the expression of this receptor was assessed in cell subsets, significantly lower levels were detected in CD19+ lymphocytes from SLE patients compared with healthy controls. Functional assays performed in unfractionated PBMC, showed a significant diminished inhibitory activity of ILT2 in CD4+ and CD8+ cell subsets from SLE patients compared to either rheumatoid arthritis or fibromyalgia patients, and healthy individuals. Our results show that the PBMC from some patients with SLE show a defective expression of ILT2, and that most of them exhibit a poor function of this inhibitory receptor.
Assuntos
Antígenos CD/fisiologia , Leucócitos Mononucleares/imunologia , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/imunologia , Subpopulações de Linfócitos/imunologia , Subpopulações de Linfócitos/metabolismo , Receptores Imunológicos/fisiologia , Adulto , Antígenos CD/imunologia , Apoptose , Artrite Reumatoide/imunologia , Artrite Reumatoide/metabolismo , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Ciclo Celular , Células Cultivadas , Feminino , Fibromialgia/imunologia , Fibromialgia/metabolismo , Humanos , Receptor B1 de Leucócitos Semelhante a Imunoglobulina , Leucócitos Mononucleares/metabolismo , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/metabolismo , Ativação Linfocitária , Subpopulações de Linfócitos/citologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Receptores Imunológicos/imunologiaRESUMO
PROBLEM: In view of evidences suggesting association between endometriosis (EM) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), we have performed a comparative evaluation of clinical and humoral immunologic abnormalities in both diseases. METHOD OF STUDY: Forty-five women (18-40 years) with histologically confirmed pelvic EM, 21 healthy-women and 15 female SLE-patients (18-40 years) without surgically confirmed EM were prospectively evaluated. Immunologic investigations were performed by blinded researchers. RESULTS: None of the EM-patients fulfilled criteria for SLE. However, EM-patients presented higher frequencies of arthralgia (62%) and generalized myalgia (18%) superior than normal-controls (24%, P = 0.004/0%, P = 0.048) but comparable with SLE-patients (33%, P = 0.052/27%, P = 0.5). Similarly to SLE (7%), 9% of EM-patients presented fibromyalgia. Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) were detected in 18% of EM-sera, as compared with healthy-women (0%, P = 0.014) and SLE-patients (93%, P = 0.0005). In contrast with SLE, antibodies to dsDNA, Sm and U1RNP were negative in EM-sera. Anti-Ro and anticardiolipin antibodies were more often in SLE (40%, 33%) than in EM-patients (2%, P < 0.001/9%, P = 0.04). Elevated immune-complexes and low total complement were more frequent in SLE (40%, 13%) compared with EM-sera (7%, P = 0.005/0%, P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicate differences of ANA antigenic specificity and complement consumption between EM and SLE. The high prevalence of generalized musculoskeletal complaints in EM justifies a multidisciplinary approach.
Assuntos
Endometriose/imunologia , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/imunologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Anticorpos Anticardiolipina/sangue , Anticorpos Antinucleares/sangue , Artrite/sangue , Artrite/imunologia , Anidrase Carbônica II/imunologia , Proteínas do Sistema Complemento/imunologia , Demografia , Método Duplo-Cego , Endometriose/diagnóstico , Epitopos/imunologia , Feminino , Fibromialgia/sangue , Fibromialgia/imunologia , Humanos , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/diagnóstico , Estudos Prospectivos , Fator Reumatoide/sangue , Testes SorológicosRESUMO
A family of 3 generations is reported, in which several members had recurrent nodules over the limbs since early....