Assuntos
Altruísmo , Pessoas Famosas , Filatelia/história , História do Século XIX , Humanos , Países Baixos , SurinameRESUMO
The study of mosquitoes is important in the prevention of vector-borne diseases. In Ecuador, the study of local mosquito biodiversity was pioneered by two entomologists whose contributions span through the first half of the 20th century, Francisco Campos-Rivadeneira and Roberto Levi-Castillo. Both of them contributed to general aspects of Entomology and to particular insights in mosquito taxonomy. Their publications and discoveries were recognized by the international scientific community but went unnoticed in South America during their time. Today, very few citizens remember the names and contributions of these two scientists. Here, we provide an overview of their lives, a summary of their contributions, and we conclude with a broader outlook on the practice of science in Latin America during their time.
El estudio de los mosquitos es una importante tarea en la prevención de las enfermedades transmitidas por vectores. En Ecuador, el conocimiento de la biodiversidad local de mosquitos se inició con dos entomólogos pioneros que trabajaron a inicios del siglo XX: Francisco Campos-Rivadeneira y Roberto Levi-Castillo. Ambos hicieron importantes contribuciones en el campo de la Entomología en general y de la taxonomía de los mosquitos en particular. En su época, sus aportes fueron reconocidos por la comunidad científica internacional, pero pasaron desapercibidos en la región suramericana. Hoy en día, son muy pocos los que recuerdan los nombres y los aportes de estos dos hombres de ciencia. En este artículo, se presenta una breve biografía de ambos científicos y un resumen de sus contribuciones, y se establece en perspectiva la situación de la práctica de la ciencia en Latinoamérica durante la época.
Assuntos
Culicidae , Entomologia/história , Agricultura/história , Animais , Culicidae/classificação , Equador , História do Século XIX , História do Século XX , Medicina Militar/história , Filatelia/história , Pesquisa/históriaAssuntos
Catolicismo/história , Queimaduras Oculares/história , Filatelia/história , Santos/história , Automutilação/história , Capsicum/efeitos adversos , Queimaduras Oculares/etiologia , Traumatismos Faciais/etiologia , Traumatismos Faciais/história , Feminino , História do Século XVI , História do Século XVII , História do Século XVIII , História do Século XX , Humanos , Pinturas/história , PeruRESUMO
Maria Montessori is one of the most well-known women in Italian history. Although she was the first woman who graduated in medicine in Italy, she is mostly known as an educator. Her teaching method--the Montessori Method- is still used worldwide--Because she could not speak English during the imprisonment in India, there was a big obstacle for her communication with children. However, the need to adopt a non-verbal communication, led her to a sensational discovery: children use an innate and universal language. This language, made of gestures and mimic, is called extra verbal communication.
Assuntos
Ensino/história , História do Século XIX , História do Século XX , Itália , Comunicação não Verbal , Pessoas com Deficiência Mental/história , Filatelia/história , Direitos da Mulher/históriaRESUMO
Maria Montessori is one of the most well-known women in Italian history. Although she was the first woman who graduated in medicine in Italy, she is mostly known as an educator. Her teaching method -the Montessori Method- is still used worldwide. Because she could not speak English during the imprisonment in India, there was a big obstacle for her communication with children. However, the need to adopt a non-verbal communication, led her to a sensational discovery: children use an innate and universal language. This language, made of gestures and mimic, is called extra verbal communication .