RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Bacterial vaginosis is the most common vaginal infection in reproductive-age women. If it is not treated, the quality of life will be reduced. In this study, the herbal medicine product Cymbopogon olivieri was used for its treatment. METHODS: This study was conducted with 90 women. The patients were randomly divided into two groups of 45: Cymbopogon olivieri and metronidazole. The treatment period was 7 days for each group. Improvement status was determined by eliminating at least three out of four of Amsel's criteria. A new variable with two order levels (negative and positive) was constructed. This new variable shows the status of the treatment process. Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were used to examine the relationship between the new variable and treatment status. RESULTS: The results demonstrate that Cymbopogon olivieri and metronidazole significantly reduced the burning, itching, malodor, abnormal vaginal discharge, pH, clue cell, and positive whiff test (p<0.05). The findings also demonstrate that neither treatment was statistically different from the other for at least three of Amsel's criteria. CONCLUSION: This study shows that the effect of Cymbopogon olivieri on bacterial vaginosis is similar to that of metronidazole. Hence, Cymbopogon olivieri is a suitable option to treat bacterial vaginosis.
Assuntos
Cymbopogon , Metronidazol , Vaginose Bacteriana , Humanos , Feminino , Vaginose Bacteriana/tratamento farmacológico , Metronidazol/uso terapêutico , Metronidazol/administração & dosagem , Adulto , Resultado do Tratamento , Cymbopogon/química , Adulto Jovem , Fitoterapia/métodos , Administração Intravaginal , Antibacterianos/administração & dosagem , Antibacterianos/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the effects of herbal treatments on cervicovaginal human papillomavirus infection. METHODS: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and the Cochrane Library until December 2023, following Cochrane guidelines. Data were analyzed using the Review Manager computer program (Version 5.4.1). RESULTS: Five randomized controlled trials involving a total sample size of 662 women were included in the study. The pooled odds ratio for individuals testing negative for human papillomavirus after herbal intervention among human papillomavirus-positive patients was 1.86 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.64-5.43), according to the fixed-effects model. Three out of the five studies indicated a significant relationship. The relationship between positive human papillomavirus infection and herbal treatments, measured by the fixed-effects model, resulted in a pooled odds ratio of 0.41 (95%CI 0.17-1.01), reporting a significant association (p=0.05). Subgroup analysis revealed a significant reduction in the relationship between herbal treatment and atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (OR 0.16, 95%CI 0.03-0.88, p=0.04) but no significant impact on the relationship between herbal treatment and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (OR 0.33, 95%CI 0.01-8.77, p=0.51). CONCLUSION: The meta-analysis suggests that herbal treatments reduce human papillomavirus infections. While herbal treatments show a significant reduction in atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance, they do not significantly impact the regression of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions.
Assuntos
Infecções por Papillomavirus , Humanos , Feminino , Infecções por Papillomavirus/tratamento farmacológico , Fitoterapia/métodos , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/virologia , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
Because of the increasing demand for natural products, the development of nanoformulations containing natural active ingredients requires in-depth knowledge of the substances used, methods of obtaining, and stability profiles to ensure product quality, efficacy, and safety. Considering this, the bibliography of the last five years presented in databases (PubMed and Science Direct) was discussed in this work, discussing the study with medicinal plants to obtain active metabolites with therapeutic properties, as well as the different nano-systems responsible for carrying these molecules. Due to the wealth of biodiversity found in the world, many species are submitted to the extraction process for several purposes. However, identifying, classifying, and quantifying the constituents of herbal matrices are crucial steps to verify their therapeutic potential. In addition, knowing the techniques of production and elaboration of nanotechnology products allows the optimization of the incorporation of herbal extracts as an innovation target. For studies to be successful, it is necessary to exhaust experimental results that guarantee the efficacy, safety, and quality of natural nanosystems, with the objective of obtaining reliable answers in nanotechnology therapy.
Assuntos
Produtos Biológicos , Plantas Medicinais , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico , Fitoterapia/métodos , NanotecnologiaRESUMO
Intestinal helminthiasis is a neglected disease that affects a significant portion of the global population, specifically in developing countries, where medicinal plants are widely used for therapeutic purposes. With the purpose to identify the native species used in traditional Brazilian medicine for the management of helminthiasis, ethnopharmacological books edited in Brazil documenting the folk use of medicinal plants were analyzed. The native species cited in at least three studies were selected, and bibliographic research was performed using electronic databases to identify their scientifically validated anthelmintic properties. The search retrieved 133 native species belonging to 88 genera and 43 families from all six Brazilian biomes. Fabaceae (14 Genera and 25 Species) and Asteraceae (7 Genera and 8 Species) were the most frequently cited families. The most reported native species were Baccharis crispa Spreng., Hymenaea courbaril L., Senna occidentalis (L.) Link, Carapa guianensis Aubl., Stachytarpheta cayennensis (Rich.) Vahl, Annona glabra L., Hymenaea stigonocarpa Mart. ex Hayne, Spigelia anthelmia L., Simarouba versicolor A.St.-Hil. and Anacardium occidentale L. Bark (19%) and leaves (17%) were the most commonly used plant parts, and decoction (27%) was the most preferred method of preparation. Evidence of the anthelmintic properties of most species was confirmed using in vitro assays for key human and animal parasites, including Haemonchus contortus, Hymenolepis diminuta, Schistosoma mansoni and Trichostrongylus spp. The species S. alata, S. occidentalis, A. occidentale, and S. anthelmia have been the subject of many biological studies, supporting their use as vermicides. The overall results obtained in this review revealed that Brazil is rich in traditional herbal medicines used to manage helminthiasis; however pharmacological investigations are lacking to confirm their therapeutic properties. Thus, this study could serve as a baseline to validate their use and encourage further clinical investigation of their vermifuge potential.
Assuntos
Anti-Helmínticos , Baccharis , Helmintíase , Plantas Medicinais , Animais , Humanos , Brasil , Fitoterapia/métodos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Etnobotânica , Helmintíase/tratamento farmacológico , Anti-Helmínticos/farmacologia , Anti-Helmínticos/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
Introducción: El aceite esencial de hierbaluisa tiene propiedades antibacterianas y antifúngicas que merecen ser estudiadas para usarse como alternativa a los fármacos. Objetivo: Determinar el efecto inhibitorio del aceite esencial de hierbaluisa, procedente del oriente (provincia de Pastaza) y la costa (provincia de los Ríos) ecuatoriana al 25, 50, 75 y 100 por ciento a las 24, 48 y 72 horas sobre el Porphyromona gingivalis, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus y Candida albicans. Métodos: Estudio experimental, in vitro. Para medir el efecto inhibitorio se usaron las cepas de P. gingivalis, E. faecalis, S. aureus y C. albicans incubadas en 20 cajas Petri para cada microorganismo (10 para el aceite de la costa y 10 para el oriente). En cada caja se colocaron los discos con la concentración del aceite esencial de hierbaluisa, el control positivo (clorhexidina al 0,12 por ciento para las bacterias y nistatina para C. albicans) y el control negativo (suero fisiológico). Se midieron los halos de inhibición a las 24, 48 y 72 horas. Resultados: El aceite esencial de hierbaluisa del oriente al 100 por ciento a las 24 horas obtuvo los halos de inhibición más altos que fueron de 8,90 mm para la C. albicans; 19,10 mm para el S. aureus; 11,90 mm para el E. faecalis y 8,00 mm para la P. gingivalis. Hubo una sensibilidad media para S. aureus, límite para E. faecalis y nula para C. albicans y P. gingivalis. Conclusiones: El aceite de hierbaluisa de la costa y el oriente ecuatoriano inhibió el S. aureus(AU)
Introduction: The essential oil of lemongrass has antibacterial and antifungal properties that deserve to be studied for using as an alternative to drugs. Objective: To determine the inhibitory effect of the essential oil of lemon verbena from the east (Pastaza province) and the coast (Los Rios province) of Ecuador at 25 percent, 50 percent, 75 percent and 100 percent at 24, 48 and 72 hours on Porphyromona gingivalis, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. Methods: Experimental study, in vitro. To measure the inhibitory effect, P. gingivalis, E. faecalis, S. aureus and C. albicans strains were incubated in 20 Petri dishes for each microorganism (10 for coastal oil and 10 for eastern). In each box were placed the disks with the concentration of the essential oil of lemon verbena, the positive control (chlorhexidine 0.12 percent for bacteria and nystatin for C. albicans) and the negative control (physiological serum). Inhibition halos were measured after 24, 48 and 72 hours. Results: Eastern lemongrass essential oil at 100 percent at 24 hours obtained the highest inhibition halos which were 8.90 mm for C. albicans; 19.10 mm for S. aureus; 11.90 mm for E. faecalis and 8.00 mm for P. gingivalis. There was medium sensitivity for S. aureus, borderline for E. faecalis and null for C. albicans and P. gingivalis. Conclusions: Herbal lemongrass oil from coastal and eastern Ecuador inhibited S. aureus(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Óleos Voláteis/uso terapêutico , Fitoterapia/métodosRESUMO
COVID-19, a disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, is responsible for a pandemic since March 2020 and it has no cure. Therefore, herein, different theoretical methods were used to obtain potential candidates from herbal compounds to inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro). Initially, the 16 best-scored compounds were selected from a library containing 4066 ligands using virtual screening by molecular docking. Among them, six molecules (physalin B 5,6-epoxide (PHY), methyl amentoflavone (MAM), withaphysalin C (WPC), daphnoline or trilobamine (TRI), cepharanoline (CEP) and tetrandrine (TET)) were selected based on Lipinski's rule and ADMET analysis as criteria. These compounds complexed with the Mpro were submitted to triplicate 100 ns molecular dynamics simulations. RMSD, RMSF, and radius of gyration results show that the overall protein structure is preserved along the simulation time. The average ΔGbinding values, calculated by the MM/PBSA method, were -41.7, -55.8, -45.2, -38.7, -49.3, and -57.9 kcal/mol for the PHY-Mpro, MAM-Mpro, WPC-Mpro, CEP-Mpro, TRI-Mpro, and TET-Mpro complexes, respectively. Pairwise decomposition analyses revealed that the binding pocket is formed by His41-Val42, Met165-Glu166-Leu167, Asp187, and Gln189. The PLS regression model generated by QSPR analysis indicated that non-polar and polar groups with the presence of hydrogen bond acceptors play an important role in the herbal compounds-Mpro interactions. Overall, we found six potential candidates to inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 Mpro and highlighted key residues from the binding pocket that can be used for future drug design. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Assuntos
Tratamento Farmacológico da COVID-19 , COVID-19 , Fitoterapia , Inibidores de Proteases , SARS-CoV-2 , Humanos , COVID-19/terapia , Simulação de Acoplamento Molecular , Simulação de Dinâmica Molecular , Inibidores de Proteases/farmacologia , SARS-CoV-2/efeitos dos fármacos , Fitoterapia/métodosRESUMO
Introducción: La medicina natural surge como la alternativa más eficaz y por su evidente resultado en la calidad de vida de las personas. Objetivo: Describir el nivel de utilización de la Medicina Natural por parte de los profesionales de la salud. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo retrospectivo. El universo estuvo constituido por 44 profesionales de la salud de varias categorías, durante el período de estudio, los cuales cumplían con los criterios de inclusión. Se utilizaron variables cualitativas y cuantitativas. Resultados: El 64 por ciento de los profesionales declararon utilizar la Medicina Natural y Tradicional en todo momento del tratamiento, la modalidad más utilizada fue la fitoterapia con el 51 por ciento por parte de los estomatólogos, el 75 por ciento de los profesionales utilizaron los fitofármacos como única opción terapéutica para el tratamiento de las diferentes enfermedades; reconocieron plantas como: la caña santa, naranja agria, ajo y caléndula en enfermedades como: la hipertensión arterial, infecciones respiratorias, trastornos circulatorios y estomatitis. El 84 por ciento de los profesionales de las categorías médicos, estomatólogos, enfermeras y licenciados obtuvieron los conocimientos durante su formación profesional. Conclusiones: Existe poco aprovechamiento de las diferentes modalidades terapéuticas y sus propiedades como tratamiento médico(AU)
Introduction: Natural medicine is an effective alternative in the medical treatment of various diseases. Objective: To describe the level of use of natural medicine by health professionals. Methods: A retrospective, descriptive and observational study was carried out. The study universe consisted of 44 health professionals of various categories, who met the inclusion criteria. Qualitative and quantitative variables were used. Results: 64 percent of the professionals reported using natural medicine at all times of treatment. The most used modality was phytotherapy, accounting for 51 percent for the dental doctors. 75 percent of the professionals used phytopharmaceuticals as the only therapeutic option for treating different diseases. They recognized the use of plants such as lemon grass, bitter orange, garlic and marigold for treating arterial hypertension, respiratory infections, circulatory disorders and stomatitis. 84 percent of the professionals in the categories of physicians, dental doctors, nurses and graduates obtained the knowledge during their professional training. Conclusions: There is little use of the different therapeutic modalities and properties of natural medicine as medical treatment(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Medicina Herbária/métodos , Fitoterapia/métodos , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Estudos Retrospectivos , Estudo ObservacionalRESUMO
Preparations of Helicteres sacarolha (Malvaceae) leaves and roots are used in the form of decoction, infusion or maceration, to treat gastrointestinal disturbances, among others. Studies supporting some of its ethnomedicinal uses are still incipient. The present study aimed to investigate it potential effect on chronic ulcer, ulcerative colitis and possible prokinetic activities as part of its mechanism of action. The powdered leaves of Helicteres sacarolha (HEHs) was prepared by maceration in 70 % hydroethanolic solution. Its qualitative phytochemical constituents were investigated by direct flow injection analysis coupled to atmospheric pressure chemical ionization ion trap tandem mass spectrometry (FIA-APCI-IT-MSn ). The gastric ulcer healing effect was evaluated in acetic acid induced chronic ulcer in mice and the lesions were evaluated, including analysis of blood plasma cytokine levels. The prokinetic properties (gastric emptying and intestinal transit) were carried out in mice. Potential anti-ulcerative colitis activity was evaluated in rats using 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (5 % TNBS) -induced colitis. All animal experiments were carried out at the doses of 20, 50 and 250â mg/kg (p.o.). Eight compounds were putatively identified, specifically lariciresinol, and its derivatives, kaempferol derivatives and Tricin-O-Glc. The extract promoted increased gastric ulcer healing at all doses tested. Modulation of the cytokines involved inhibition of some key pro-inflammatory cytokines with maximum effect on IL-1ß (70 %, 50â mg/kg, p<0.05), TNF-α (79 %, 20â mg/kg, p<0.01), and in the anti-inflammatory cytokines, namely IL-10 (57 %, 50â mg/kg, p<0.05) and IL-17 (79 %, only at 50â mg/kg, p<0.05). Histological findings demonstrated a mitigated inflammatory activity, and tissues undergoing regeneration. HEHs treatment caused delayed gastric emptying, and increased intestinal transit, but had no effect in the experimentally induced ulcerative colitis. We report for the first time putatively the presence of Lariciresinol and tricin derivatives from the hydroethanolic leaves extract of H. sacarolha. Its possible mechanism of actions of gastric ulcer healing involves cytokines modulation, mitigation of inflammatory response and tissue regeneration and provoked opposing effect in the gastrointestinal system. The present study demonstrates the therapeutic potential of H. sacarolha leaves used in Brazilian ethnomedicine in the treatment of chronic gastric ulcer.
Assuntos
Antiulcerosos , Malvaceae , Úlcera Gástrica , Ratos , Camundongos , Animais , Úlcera Gástrica/induzido quimicamente , Úlcera Gástrica/tratamento farmacológico , Úlcera Gástrica/patologia , Citocinas , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico , Extratos Vegetais/química , Fitoterapia/métodos , Ratos Wistar , Antiulcerosos/farmacologia , Antiulcerosos/uso terapêutico , Antiulcerosos/química , Malvaceae/químicaRESUMO
Ellagic acid (EA) is a bioactive polyphenolic compound naturally occurring as secondary metabolite in many plant taxa. EA content is considerable in pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) and in wood and bark of some tree species. Structurally, EA is a dilactone of hexahydroxydiphenic acid (HHDP), a dimeric gallic acid derivative, produced mainly by hydrolysis of ellagitannins, a widely distributed group of secondary metabolites. EA is attracting attention due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimutagenic, and antiproliferative properties. EA displayed pharmacological effects in various in vitro and in vivo model systems. Furthermore, EA has also been well documented for its antiallergic, antiatherosclerotic, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, and neuroprotective properties. This review reports on the health-promoting effects of EA, along with possible mechanisms of its action in maintaining the health status, by summarizing the literature related to the therapeutic potential of this polyphenolic in the treatment of several human diseases.
Assuntos
Antialérgicos/farmacologia , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Ácido Elágico/farmacologia , Taninos Hidrolisáveis/farmacologia , Hipoglicemiantes/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Polifenóis/farmacologia , Substâncias Protetoras/farmacologia , Animais , Antialérgicos/metabolismo , Anti-Inflamatórios/metabolismo , Antineoplásicos/metabolismo , Ácido Elágico/metabolismo , Frutas/química , Frutas/metabolismo , Trato Gastrointestinal/metabolismo , Humanos , Taninos Hidrolisáveis/química , Taninos Hidrolisáveis/metabolismo , Hipoglicemiantes/metabolismo , Fitoterapia/métodos , Extratos Vegetais/metabolismo , Plantas/química , Plantas/metabolismo , Polifenóis/metabolismo , Substâncias Protetoras/metabolismoRESUMO
The skin is a critical organ for the maintenance of the integrity and protection of the organism. When a wound occurs, a sequence of healing mechanisms is triggered to reconstruct the wounded area. ß-caryophyllene is a sesquiterpene in Copaifera langsdorffii oleoresin with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential. On the basis of previous studies with C. langsdorffii, ß-caryophyllene was selected to evaluate its wound healing potential and pharmacological mechanisms. The excision wound model was used with male Wistar rats and macroscopic, histological, immunohistochemical and biochemical analyses were performed with skin samples, comparing the ß-caryophyllene-treated group with reference drugs. The results showed macroscopic retraction of the wounds treated with ß-caryophyllene. Biochemical assays revealed the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms of the ß-caryophyllene-treated group with increasing levels of IL-10 and GPx and decreasing levels of pro-inflammatory molecules, including TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-1ß and IL-6. After ß-caryophyllene treatment, immunohistochemical assays showed enhanced re-epithelialization, through the increase in laminin-γ2 and desmoglein-3 immunolabeling. ß-caryophyllene also act in the remodeling mechanism, increasing the collagen content in the Masson's trichrome staining. These findings indicated the wound-healing potential of ß-caryophyllene topical formulation in rat skin wounds, mediated by antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and re-epithelialization mechanisms.