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Abstract Guarana (Paullinia cupana) is a native plant from the Amazon whose seeds contain a high concentration of caffeine. Aqueous extract of guarana is widely used in the world. In this study, the objective was to develop and validate a High-Performance Liquid Chromatography method for the determination of caffeine in extracts and commercial beverages based on guarana. A sensitive, simple, and viable high performance liquid chromatographic method without the need of an analyte extraction procedure was developed and validated according to Brazilian and international requirements. The method presented high performance, fulfilling Brazilian and international requirements, in addition to allowing product compliance tests. Results confirmed high selectivity and linearity (>0.999) between 5 to 135 ug/mL, with no significant matrix effect. Detection and quantification limits were 0.02 µg/mL and 2 µg/mL, respectively. Precision was less than 4 %, and accuracy varied from 99.9-120 %. Applicability of the method was demonstrated by conducting a limited evaluation in products containing caffeine. Commercial extracts showed quite different caffeine levels, while carbonated drinks follow Brazilian and American recommendations. Our results indicate that the developed method can be used to evaluate the quality of the guarana extract and of products containing caffeine

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Introducción: En Cuba, se desarrolló un medio de cultivo cromogénico y fluorogénico, para la detección, aislamiento y diferenciación de Salmonella de otras bacterias Gram negativas. El método que emplea el medio fue validado y su uso se adoptó en una norma cubana. El aseguramiento de la calidad y el control del rendimiento de los medios garantizan la confiabilidad de los resultados analíticos. La norma ISO 11133 establece criterios mínimos y métodos para evaluarlos. Objetivo: Evaluar los criterios de control de la calidad y de rendimiento de CromoCen® SALM, establecidos en la ISO 11133:2014/Amd.1:2018, para demostrar su fiabilidad para el análisis microbiológico de los alimentos de consumo humano. Métodos: Se evaluaron los indicadores de calidad físico-químicos de tres lotes y se definió un conjunto de ellos que caracteriza la calidad del medio antes y después de terminado, así como la consistencia entre lotes. Para el ensayo de rendimiento se seleccionaron 10 cepas de diferentes géneros. Se determinó la relación de productividad, el factor de selectividad y la electividad de CromoCen® SALM, según la ISO 11133. Resultados: La evaluación físico-química mostró una consistencia entre lotes en color, homogeneidad, apariencia del polvo y del medio preparado. Los valores de contenido de humedad y pH se encontraron dentro de los valores establecidos para este producto. La relación de productividad de CromoCen® SALM con respecto al agar triptona soya, fue superior al 50 por ciento, mientras que el factor de selectividad resultó de 4. Se demostró que en el medio de cultivo se puede diferenciar un grupo representativo de géneros microbianos de Salmonella. Conclusiones: CromoCen® SALM cumple con los requisitos de calidad establecidos para este tipo de productos, según la ISO 11133 vigente. La correcta formulación de los lotes, así como el cumplimiento de los requisitos de calidad aseguran el funcionamiento adecuado para lo que fue diseñado(AU)

Introduction: In Cuba, a new chromogenic and fluorogenic culture medium was developed for the detection, isolation and differentiation of Salmonella from other Gram negative bacteria. The method and medium were validated and their use was adopted as a Cuban standard. Quality assurance and control of media is essential and mandatory to ensure the reliability of the results of the analysis in which they are used. ISO 11133 establishes minimum criteria and methods to evaluate them. Objective: To evaluate the quality and performance criteria of CromoCen® SALM, as recommended in ISO 11133:2014/Amd.1:2018 to demonstrate its reliability for the microbiological analysis of food for human consumption. Methods: The physical-chemical quality indicators of three batches were evaluated and a group of them was defined to characterize its quality before and after finishing, as well to evaluate the consistency between batches. For the performance test, 12 strains of different genera were selected. The productivity ratio, the selectivity factor and the electivity of CromoCen® SALM were determined. Results: The physico-chemical evaluation showed a consistency between batches in color, homogeneity, appearance of the powder and of the prepared medium. The moisture content and pH values ranged within the established values for this product. The productivity ratio of CromoCen® SALM with respect to tryptone soy agar was greater than 50 percent, while the selectivity factor was 4. It was shown that in the culture medium a representative group of Salmonella microbial genera can be differentiated. Conclusions: CromoCen® SALM meets the quality requirements established for this type of products, according to the current ISO 11133 standard. The correct formulation of the batches, as well as the fulfillment of the quality requirements ensure the proper functionality and match the design purpose(AU)

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This study aimed to analyze the applicability of management tools such as SWOT matrix, GUT matrix, Brainstorming, PDCA, Ishikawa diagram, and 5W2H in improving milk quality in rural properties for family labor. The survey was conducted in 18 properties in the municipality of Senador Guiomard, State of Acre, Brazil, during the period from January to December 2019. The properties were divided into two groups (treatment group-TG and control group-CG) and the data obtained through a form with 255 questions for diagnosis and analysis (LQL-GO) for somatic cell count (SCC) and total bacterial count (TBC) were tabulated in spreadsheets (Excel®) and subjected to statistical analysis by the Wilcoxon test. Nineteen weaknesses were obtained through the GUT matrix. The implementation of milking practices using tools obtained an average reduction of 31.4% for SCC and 63% for TBC in TG and a reduction of 39.3% for SCC and an increase of 33.7% for TBC in CG. Thus, the management tools applied to milk quality are capable of generating positive results (p < 0.05) in microbiological control, facilitating quick decision-making, aiming at the correction of weaknesses, and, consequently, an increase in profitability.

Objetivou-se analisar a aplicabilidade de algumas ferramentas de gestão como: matriz SWOT, matriz GUT, Brainstorming, PDCA, diagrama de Ishikawa e 5W2H na melhoria da qualidade do leite em 18 propriedades rurais em regime de economia familiar, localizadas no município de Senador Guiomard, Acre, durante o período de janeiro a dezembro de 2019. As propriedades foram divididas em dois grupos (grupo tratamento-GT e controle-GC), e os dados foram obtidos utilizando-se um formulário com 255 questões para o diagnóstico, e por meio de análises (LQL-GO) para contagem de células somáticas (CCS) e contagem bacteriana total (CBT); posteriormente tabulados em planilhas (Excel®) e submetidos à análise estatística pelo teste de Wilcoxon. Obteve-se, por meio da Matriz GUT, 19 pontos fracos. A implantação das práticas de ordenha por meio das ferramentas obteve redução média de 31,4% para CCS e 63% para CBT no GT, enquanto o GC obteve redução de 39,3% para CCS e aumento de 33,7% para CBT. Conclui-se que as ferramentas de gestão aplicadas à qualidade do leite são capazes de gerar resultados positivos (p < 0,05) no controle microbiológico, facilitando a tomada rápida de decisões visando à correção de pontos falhos e, consequentemente, o aumento da rentabilidade.

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This study aimed to analyze the applicability of management tools such as SWOT matrix, GUT matrix, Brainstorming, PDCA, Ishikawa diagram, and 5W2H in improving milk quality in rural properties for family labor. The survey was conducted in 18 properties in the municipality of Senador Guiomard, State of Acre, Brazil, during the period from January to December 2019. The properties were divided into two groups (treatment group-TG and control group-CG) and the data obtained through a form with 255 questions for diagnosis and analysis (LQL-GO) for somatic cell count (SCC) and total bacterial count (TBC) were tabulated in spreadsheets (Excel®) and subjected to statistical analysis by the Wilcoxon test. Nineteen weaknesses were obtained through the GUT matrix. The implementation of milking practices using tools obtained an average reduction of 31.4% for SCC and 63% for TBC in TG and a reduction of 39.3% for SCC and an increase of 33.7% for TBC in CG. Thus, the management tools applied to milk quality are capable of generating positive results (p < 0.05) in microbiological control, facilitating quick decision-making, aiming at the correction of weaknesses, and, consequently, an increase in profitability.(AU)

Objetivou-se analisar a aplicabilidade de algumas ferramentas de gestão como: matriz SWOT, matriz GUT, Brainstorming, PDCA, diagrama de Ishikawa e 5W2H na melhoria da qualidade do leite em 18 propriedades rurais em regime de economia familiar, localizadas no município de Senador Guiomard, Acre, durante o período de janeiro a dezembro de 2019. As propriedades foram divididas em dois grupos (grupo tratamento-GT e controle-GC), e os dados foram obtidos utilizando-se um formulário com 255 questões para o diagnóstico, e por meio de análises (LQL-GO) para contagem de células somáticas (CCS) e contagem bacteriana total (CBT); posteriormente tabulados em planilhas (Excel®) e submetidos à análise estatística pelo teste de Wilcoxon. Obteve-se, por meio da Matriz GUT, 19 pontos fracos. A implantação das práticas de ordenha por meio das ferramentas obteve redução média de 31,4% para CCS e 63% para CBT no GT, enquanto o GC obteve redução de 39,3% para CCS e aumento de 33,7% para CBT. Conclui-se que as ferramentas de gestão aplicadas à qualidade do leite são capazes de gerar resultados positivos (p < 0,05) no controle microbiológico, facilitando a tomada rápida de decisões visando à correção de pontos falhos e, consequentemente, o aumento da rentabilidade.(AU)

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OBJECTIVE: To identify and eliminate steps that do not add value for customers in the disinfection center. METHOD: We applied the Lean tool: Value Flow Map, using the concepts of gemba and kaizen in the work process of the disinfection unit for ventilatory care materials, aiming at improving such process. After performing a training with the team on the Lean concepts described above, applying the Value Flow Map in the gemba, analyzing the opportunities for improvement, and approving the changes, the Value Flow Map of the future state was devised and changes were implemented. RESULT: The time of the disinfection process was reduced in 2h37 and the financial resources required also decreased, in R$ 809.08/month. CONCLUSION: The application of Lean concepts presented positive results for the elimination of wastages in the disinfection center.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To identify and eliminate steps that do not add value for customers in the disinfection center. Method: We applied the Lean tool: Value Flow Map, using the concepts of gemba and kaizen in the work process of the disinfection unit for ventilatory care materials, aiming at improving such process. After performing a training with the team on the Lean concepts described above, applying the Value Flow Map in the gemba, analyzing the opportunities for improvement, and approving the changes, the Value Flow Map of the future state was devised and changes were implemented. Result: The time of the disinfection process was reduced in 2h37 and the financial resources required also decreased, in R$ 809.08/month. Conclusion: The application of Lean concepts presented positive results for the elimination of wastages in the disinfection center.

RESUMEN Objetivo: identificar y eliminar los pasos que no agregan valor para los clientes en el centro de desinfección. Método: aplicamos la herramienta Lean: mapa de la cadena de valor, conceptos de gemba y kaizen, en el proceso de trabajo de la unidad de desinfección para materiales de asistencia ventilatoria con el objetivo de mejorar el proceso. Después de realizar una capacitación con el equipo sobre los conceptos Lean descritos anteriormente, aplicamos el Mapa de la cadena de valor en el gemba, analizamos las oportunidades de mejora y aprobamos los cambios; se diseñó el Mapa de la cadena de valor del estado futuro y se implementaron los cambios. Resultado: el tiempo del proceso de desinfección se redujo en dos horas y treinta y siete minutos, y los recursos financieros requeridos también disminuyeron en R$ 809,08/mes. Conclusión: la aplicación de los conceptos Lean presentó resultados positivos para la eliminación de desperdicios en el centro de desinfección.

RESUMO Objetivo: identificar e eliminar as etapas que não agregam valor ao cliente na central de desinfecção. Método: foi aplicada a ferramenta Lean: Mapa de Fluxo de Valor, utilizando os conceitos Gemba e Kaizen no processo de trabalho da unidade de desinfecção de materiais para uso na assistência ventilatória com o intuito de melhorar o processo de trabalho. Foi realizada a capacitação da equipe em relação aos conceitos Lean descritos acima, foi aplicado o Mapa de Fluxo de Valor no Gemba, foram analisadas as oportunidades de melhoria e, após, aprovação das alterações, foi desenhado o Mapa de Fluxo de Valor do estado futuro e implementadas as mudanças. Resultado: obteve-se redução de tempo em 2h37 no processo de desinfecção e redução de recursos financeiros em R$ 809,08 reais/mês. Conclusão: a aplicação de conceitos Lean apresentou resultados positivos na eliminação de desperdícios na central de desinfecção.

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Medicina & Laboratorio ha recibido los derechos de publicación de la Organización Panamericana de la Salud, para reproducir en su totalidad el ®Curso de Gestión de Calidad para laboratorios¼, una excelente herramienta para el mejoramiento continuo del desempeño de los laboratorios. La vigilancia de la salud tanto individual como de la población general, el desarrollo de un número creciente de técnicas de laboratorio y la mejora continua de los métodos diagnósticos requieren la adopción de herramientas de gestión para su óptima implementación en los sistemas y laboratorios de salud. Por estas razones, entre otras, el concepto universal de calidad y el estudio de sus procesos se han extendido de la industria de la manufactura a las ciencias médicas. No sólo lo anteriormente mencionado, sino también el buen servicio y la satisfacción del cliente -o de los usuarios- son objetivos primordiales para los hospitales y laboratorios que tratan de establecer un sistema de gestión de la calidad que se adapte tanto a las necesidades operativas y fiduciarias de su organización, como a los requisitos prácticos de los usuarios: pacientes, médicos, epidemiólogos, autoridades sanitarias y comunidad entre otros.El objetivo de este curso es brindar capacitación en los principios básicos necesarios para la gestión de la calidad en los laboratorios. El contenido de los módulos incluye una información apropiada que, junto a la terminología descrita, permite la familiarización del participante con los conceptos básicos sobre las principales áreas de un sistema de gestión de la calidad.

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