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2.
Int. j. morphol ; 35(4): 1560-1567, Dec. 2017. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-893169

RESUMO

SUMMARY: Hyperglycaemia is one of the main causes for the endothelial cell (EC) damage in diabetic patients. Even though circulating endothelial progenitor cells (CEPC) could be used as a prognosis for microvascular complications, there is very little information on the islet microvasculature. We analysed by immunohistochemistry and by flow cytometric immunophenotyping, the expression of CD34 on EC and the expressions of CD31, CD34, CD45 and CD133 on CEPC in Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Peripheral blood and tissue specimens were obtained from rats of different treatment regimens: STZ treatment, control saline (NS) and sodium citrate (CB) treatments. Blood cells were exposed to flow cytometric immunophenotyping for CD133, CD31, CD34, CD45 and CD133. While tissues from the pancreas, liver and kidney were routinely processed and stained immunohistochemically for CD34. There was a tendency of an increased in CD45-/CD133+/CD31+/CD34+ cells (0.04 ± 0.11 %) in diabetic rats compared to the controls (CB: 0.03 ± 0.04 %; Saline: 0.01 ± 0.03 %). But there was no significant statistical difference between them. The expression pattern of CD34 on the EC in the organs' vascular beds including arterioles, venules, capillaries and sinusoids was extremely heterogeneous across and within treatment regimens. The ECs in the sinusoids of the liver presented similar CD34 expression patterns across different treatment regimens, while the expression of CD34 on the ECs of sinusoidal capillaries in the pancreas vary with the treatment regimen. We conclude that the degree of endothelial cell damage is not uniform across organs' vascular beds in the rat, contrary to mice and humans. Furthermore, the sinusoids in the pancreas and the kidney may have the same degree of endothelial damage when exposed to the same deleterious causes.


RESUMEN: La hiperglucemia es una de las principales causas del daño de las células endoteliales (EC) en pacientes diabéticos. A pesar de que las células progenitoras endoteliales circulantes (CEPC) podrían utilizarse como pronóstico de las complicaciones microvasculares, hay muy poca información sobre la microvasculatura de los islotes. Se analizaron por inmunohistoquímica y por inmunofenotipificación citométrica de flujo, la expresión de CD34 en EC y las expresiones de CD31, CD34, CD45 y CD133 en CEPC en ratas diabéticas inducidas por estreptozotocina (STZ). Se obtuvieron muestras de sangre y tejidos periféricos a partir de ratas de diferentes regímenes de tratamiento: tratamiento con STZ, solución salina control (NS) y citrato de sodio (CB). Las células sanguíneas fueron expuestas a inmunofenotipado por citometría de flujo para CD133, CD31, CD34, CD45 y CD133. Mientras que los tejidos del páncreas, el hígado y el riñón fueron rutinariamente procesados y teñidos inmunohistoquímicamente para CD34. Se observó una tendencia a un aumento en las células CD45- / CD133 + / CD31 + / CD34 + (0,04 ± 0,11 %) en ratas diabéticas en comparación con los controles (CB: 0,03 ± 0,04 %; Salino: 0,01 ± 0,03 %). Pero no hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre ellos. El patrón de expresión de CD34 en la EC en los lechos vasculares de los órganos incluyendo arteriolas, vénulas, capilares y sinusoides fue extremadamente heterogéneo a través de y dentro de los regímenes de tratamiento. Las EC en los sinusoides del hígado presentaron patrones de expresión de CD34 similares a través de diferentes regímenes de tratamiento, mientras que la expresión de CD34 en las CE de capilares sinusoidales en el páncreas varía con el régimen de tratamiento. Concluimos que el grado de daño de las células endoteliales no es uniforme en los lechos vasculares de los órganos en la rata, en comparación de los ratones y los seres humanos. Además, los sinusoides en el páncreas y el riñón pueden tener el mismo grado de daño endotelial cuando se exponen a las mismas causas deletéreas.


Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Ratos , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/patologia , Células Progenitoras Endoteliais/patologia , Ilhotas Pancreáticas/patologia , Glicemia , Peso Corporal , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/imunologia , Imunofenotipagem , Ilhotas Pancreáticas/irrigação sanguínea , Rim/patologia , Fígado/patologia , Ratos Wistar
3.
Mol Cell Endocrinol ; 439: 54-64, 2017 01 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27780713

RESUMO

Obesity leads to adverse endocrine pancreas remodelling, reduced islet lifespan and early type 2 diabetes onset. AT1R blockade shows beneficial pleiotropic effects. This study sought to compare the effects of losartan and telmisartan on pancreatic islets remodelling and glucose homeostasis in diet-induced obese mice. High-fat diet yielded overweight, insulin resistance, islet apoptosis and hypertrophy. Suitable insulin levels and preserved endocrine pancreas structure were correlated to adequate AKT-FOXO1 pathway functioning in losartan-treated animals. Conversely, telmisartan yielded enhanced PDX1 and GLP-1 islet expression along with greater GLP-1 levels, with the consequent better islet glucose sensing and uptake. Greater islet vascularisation coupled with reduced apoptosis and macrophage infiltration seems to underlie the beneficial findings in both treatments. In conclusion, these results provide compelling evidence that two antihypertensive drugs (telmisartan and losartan) ameliorate pancreatic islet structure, glucose handling, and vascularisation in obese mice. Although only telmisartan countered overweight, both drugs yielded reduced apoptosis and islet preservation, with translational potential.


Assuntos
Antagonistas de Receptores de Angiotensina/farmacologia , Glucose/metabolismo , Homeostase/efeitos dos fármacos , Ilhotas Pancreáticas/metabolismo , Animais , Benzimidazóis/farmacologia , Benzoatos/farmacologia , Glicemia/metabolismo , Pressão Sanguínea/efeitos dos fármacos , Peso Corporal/efeitos dos fármacos , Metabolismo dos Carboidratos/efeitos dos fármacos , Dieta Hiperlipídica , Ingestão de Energia/efeitos dos fármacos , Jejum/sangue , Comportamento Alimentar/efeitos dos fármacos , Imunofluorescência , Peptídeo 1 Semelhante ao Glucagon/metabolismo , Teste de Tolerância a Glucose , Ilhotas Pancreáticas/irrigação sanguínea , Ilhotas Pancreáticas/efeitos dos fármacos , Losartan/farmacologia , Masculino , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Camundongos Obesos , Telmisartan
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