RESUMO
Woodcreepers are passerines of the family Dendrocolaptidae, which have a high forest dependency. The current work aimed to redescribe Isospora striata McQuistion et al. 1997, from two new hosts in protected areas in Brazil, revealing new localities of parasitism, in addition to providing preliminary genotypic identifications via sequencing of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) gene from both host species. Isospora striata has oocysts that are subspheroidal to ovoidal, 19.4 × 16.8 µm with smooth wall. Oocyst residuum is absent, but micropyle and polar granules are present. Sporocysts are ovoidal, 13.6 × 8.3 µm, with both Stieda and sub-Stieda bodies. Sporocyst residuum is present and sporozoites with refractile body, nucleus, and striations. The morphological study and the 100% similarity in sequencing of the COI gene between samples of different dendrocolaptid species confirmed the identification of a single species, supporting the identification of I. striata in the Brazilian Atlantic forest and consequently the wide distribution of this coccidian species in the Neotropical Region.
Assuntos
Doenças das Aves/parasitologia , Isospora/fisiologia , Isosporíase/veterinária , Passeriformes/parasitologia , Animais , Doenças das Aves/epidemiologia , Brasil/epidemiologia , DNA de Protozoário/química , Isospora/classificação , Isospora/genética , Isospora/ultraestrutura , Isosporíase/epidemiologia , Isosporíase/parasitologia , Oocistos/citologia , Filogenia , Prevalência , Análise de Sequência de DNA/veterinária , Esporozoítos/citologiaRESUMO
A species of Isospora Schneider, 1881 (Protozoa: Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) considered as new to science is described and characterised molecularly from the eastern white-throated spadebill Platyrinchus mystaceus Vieillot in the Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, southeastern Brazil. Isospora lopesi n. sp. has oöcysts that are subspheroidal to ovoidal, 18-24 × 18-22 (20.6 × 19.7) µm, with smooth, bilayered wall, c.1.5 µm thick. Micropyle and oöcyst residuum are absent, but one polar granule is present. Sporocysts are ellipsoidal, 12-16 × 8-11 (14.4 × 8.6) µm. The Stieda body is flattened to half-moon-shaped and sub-Stieda body is rounded. Sporocyst residuum is present, consisting of numerous spherules of different sizes. Sporozoites are vermiform with anterior and posterior refractile bodies and nucleus. Molecular analysis was conducted at the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene. This new isolate exhibited similarity greater than 98% with Isospora spp. isolates from spectacled warblers Sylvia conspicillata Temminck, 1820. This is the fourth isosporoid coccidian described from New World tyrannid birds, but is the first to have a complementary molecular characterisation.
Assuntos
Isospora/classificação , Passeriformes/parasitologia , Animais , Complexo IV da Cadeia de Transporte de Elétrons/genética , Isospora/genética , Isospora/ultraestrutura , Oocistos/ultraestrutura , América do Sul , Especificidade da EspécieRESUMO
Cystoisospora belli is an opportunistic protozoan that causes human cystoisosporiasis, an infection characterized by diarrhea, steatorrhea, abdominal pain, fever, and weight loss. The lack of animal models susceptible to C. belli, and the difficulty in obtaining clinical samples with fair amounts of oocysts have limited the research pertaining to the basic biology of this parasite. This study aimed to describe the ultrastructure of endogenous stages of C. belli in Monkey Rhesus Kidney Cells (MK2) and Human Ileocecal Adenocarcinoma cells (HCT-8). Zoites of C. belli exhibited typical morphological features of coccidia, which included a trilaminar pellicle, an apical complex formed by a conoid, polar rings, rhoptries, and micronemes, in addition to dense granules and the endoplasmic reticulum. No crystalloid body was observed but various lipid and amylopectin granules were usually present in the cytoplasm of zoites. We observed a tendency of the endoplasmic reticulum of the host cell to be located near the parasitophorous vacuole membrane. Merozoites were formed by endodyogeny and during replication, the apical complex of the mother cell remained intact. The formation of gametes or oocysts was not observed. The ultrastructural findings of C. belli are further evidence of its proximity to Sarcocystidae family members and corroborate their reclassification as Cystoisospora spp.
Assuntos
Isospora/ultraestrutura , Animais , Linhagem Celular/parasitologia , Linhagem Celular/ultraestrutura , Linhagem Celular Tumoral/parasitologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral/ultraestrutura , Humanos , Rim/citologia , Rim/parasitologia , Macaca mulatta , Merozoítos/ultraestrutura , Microscopia Eletrônica de TransmissãoRESUMO
Five of 16 (31%) rufous-capped warblers (Basileuterus rufifrons) and 2 of 5 (40%) ovenbirds ( Seiurus aurocapilla ) sampled from Costa Rica were positive for a novel species of Isospora. Oocysts have a thin, smooth, double-layered, colorless wall and measure 22.3 µm ± 1.6 µm × 24.3 µm ± 1.5 µm (19-25 µm × 21-28 µm) with an average length-width (L/W) ratio of 1.0 (1-1.3). Oocyst residuum and micropyle are absent, but 0-4 spherical to cigar-shaped polar granules (1-2.5 µm) are present. Sporocysts are ovoid and measure 11.8 µm ± 0.9 µm × 16 µm ± 1.7 µm (10-14 µm × 12-19 µm) with an average L/W ratio of 1.6 (1.0-1.9). A knob-like Stieda body continuous with the sporocyst wall and a trapezoidal compartmentalized substieda body are present. Each sporocyst contained 4 sporozoites and a diffuse sporocyst residuum consisting of many variable-sized granules, some as large as 2 µm. This is the second description of an Isospora species in New World warblers (Passeriformes: Parulidae) and the first report of Isospora from both the rufous-capped warbler and ovenbird.
Assuntos
Doenças das Aves/parasitologia , Isospora/isolamento & purificação , Isosporíase/veterinária , Aves Canoras/parasitologia , Animais , Doenças das Aves/epidemiologia , Costa Rica/epidemiologia , Ecossistema , Isospora/classificação , Isospora/ultraestrutura , Isosporíase/epidemiologia , Isosporíase/parasitologia , Oocistos/ultraestrutura , PrevalênciaRESUMO
Seven thrush species (Turdidae) from Costa Rica were examined for intestinal parasites; 21 of the 84 (25%) birds sampled were positive for a new species of Isospora. Oocysts of Isospora zorzali n. sp. have thin, smooth, double, and colorless walls; they measure 19.7 ± 1.5 µm × 18.6 ± 1.4 µm (16-24 µm × 15-21 µm), with an average length-width ratio of 1.1 µm. Sporocysts are ovoid, measure 8.5 ± 1.1 µm × 14.5 ± 1.7 µm (7-11 µm × 11-18 µm) with an average length-width ratio of 1.7 µm. A nipple-like stieda body continuous with the sporocyst wall is present, but no substieda body was observed. A sporocyst residuum consisting of large equal sized granules was observed either clumped together or diffusely. The sporocysts fill the entire oocysts with little to no open space observed. This is the first report of Isospora species from any of the sampled host species and also the first report from any species of thrush in Costa Rica.
Assuntos
Doenças das Aves/parasitologia , Isospora/classificação , Isosporíase/veterinária , Aves Canoras/parasitologia , Animais , Doenças das Aves/epidemiologia , Costa Rica/epidemiologia , Isospora/isolamento & purificação , Isospora/ultraestrutura , Isosporíase/epidemiologia , Isosporíase/parasitologia , PrevalênciaRESUMO
Two (33.3%) of 6 blue-crowned motmots (Momotus momota) sampled from Costa Rica were positive for a new species of Isospora. Oocysts of Isospora momotana n. sp. have a double, thick, yellow to orange, 2.3 microm +/- 0.5 microm (2-3 microm) wall, contain 1 to 3 globular polar granules (1-4 microm), are ovoid with heavy pitting on the outer surface, and measure 29.4 +/- 2.3 x 27.5 +/- 2.3 (25-33 x 23-31) with an average length:width ratio of 1.1 (1.0-1.35). Sporocysts are ovoid, contain a residuum composed of large, equal-sized granules, and measure 19.4 +/- 1.3 x 12.2 +/- 1.1 (16-22 x 10-14) with an average length:width ratio of 1.6 (1.2-1.91). A small rounded stieda body, continuous with the sporocyst wall, and a prominent triangular substieda body are present. A second Isospora species was observed in 1 bird, but because only a few oocysts were present, a full description is not provided. This is the first report of coccidia from a motmot (Momotidae) and only the third Ispospora species described from the Coraciiformes.
Assuntos
Doenças das Aves/parasitologia , Isospora/classificação , Isosporíase/veterinária , Animais , Doenças das Aves/epidemiologia , Aves , Costa Rica/epidemiologia , Fezes/parasitologia , Isospora/ultraestrutura , Isosporíase/epidemiologia , Isosporíase/parasitologia , Oocistos/ultraestrutura , PrevalênciaRESUMO
The ultrastructure is described of the meronts, microgamonts and young oocyst stages of Isospora hemidactyli of the gecko Hemidactylus mabouia from Belém, PA, north Brazil. The endogenous stages all develop in the nucleus of the gut epithelial cells. The nucleus remains intact up to the latest stages of the parasite's development, but degenerates by the time the oocyst appears. Merogonic division appears to be asynchronous, and some of the differentiated merozoites contained more than one nucleus. Microgamonts conform in structure with those of other eimeriids. Some of the type 2 wall-forming bodies disintegrate into smaller globules and ground substance of lower density.
Assuntos
Isospora/ultraestrutura , Lagartos/parasitologia , Animais , Brasil , Núcleo Celular , Células Epiteliais/ultraestrutura , Intestinos/parasitologia , Microscopia EletrônicaRESUMO
The ultrastructure is described of the meronts, microgamonts and young oocyst stages of Isospora hemidactyli of the gecko Hemidactylus mabouia from Belém, PA, north Brazil. The endogenous stages all develop in the nucleus of the gut epithelial cells. The nucleus remains intact up to the latest stages of the parasite's development, but degenerates by the time the oocyst appears. Merogonic division appears to be asynchronous, and some of the differentiated merozoites contained more than one nucleus. Microgamonts conform in structure with those of other eimeriids. Some of the type 2 wall-forming bodies disintegrate into smaller globules and ground substance of lower density.
Assuntos
Animais , Isospora/ultraestrutura , Lagartos/parasitologia , Brasil , Núcleo Celular , Células Epiteliais/ultraestrutura , Intestinos/citologiaRESUMO
Isospora tiaris n. sp. is described from the feces of an adult bird, a sooty grassquit (Tiaris fuliginosa) from Venezuela. The oocysts are subspherical, 27.1 x 23.8 (24.7-30.0 x 21.2-26.5) microns with a bilayered, smooth, colorless wall. A micropyle and oocyst residuum are absent; an ellipsoidal polar granule is usually present. Sporocysts are ovoidal, 14.7 x 10.8 (12.4-16.8 x 8.8-12.4) microns with prominent Stieda and substieda bodies and a residuum composed of small uniform granules.
Assuntos
Doenças das Aves/parasitologia , Coccidiose/veterinária , Isospora/isolamento & purificação , Animais , Aves , Coccidiose/parasitologia , Fezes/parasitologia , Isospora/classificação , Isospora/ultraestrutura , VenezuelaRESUMO
Fecal samples from 25 Anolis armouri, 2 Anolis bahorucoensis, 48 Anolis cybotes, and 21 Anolis olssoni (Lacertilia: Polychrotidae) from southern Hispaniola were examined for coccidian oocysts. Two eimerians and 2 isosporans are herein described as new species. Sporulated oocysts of Eimeria schwartzi n. sp. from A. armouri are ellipsoidal, 22.7 (20.8-25.0) x 15.7 (14.6-17.7) microns, with spherical to subspherical sporocysts, 7.9 (6.2-9.4) x 7.4 (6.2-8.3) microns. Sporulated oocysts of Isospora reui n. sp. from A. bahorucoensis are spherical to subspherical, 18.2 (15.6-20.0) x 17.8 (15.6-19.8) microns, with ovoid sporocysts, 11.9 (10.4-12.7) x 8.5 (7.5-9.4) microns. Sporulated oocysts of Isospora hendersoni n. sp. from A. armouri and A. cybotes are spherical to subspherical, 23.2 (20.8-26.0) x 21.1 (18.4-23.9) microns, with ellipsoidal sporocysts, 14.7 (12.5-15.6) x 10.0 (9.2-11.4) microns. Sporulated oocysts of Eimeria avilae n. sp. from A. olssoni are cylindrical, 29.3 (26.0-33.3) x 15.9 (13.5-18.9) microns, with ellipsoidal sporocysts 10.2 (9.4-11.4) x 6.8 (5.2-8.0) microns.