RESUMO
The COVID-19 pandemic hasaffected the dynamics of the production, commercialization and consumption of vegetables. Lettuce, potato and tomato, an herbaceous vegetable, a tuberous vegetable and a fruit vegetable, respectively, are among thegroup of vegetables purchased most frequently. The objective of this studywas to evaluate how the pandemic affected the price and supply of lettuce, potato and tomato in 2020 compared to previous yearsbased on data from CEASA-MG from 2016 to 2021. The supply of lettuce wasconstant in 2020 butlower than the previous year until the month of August, and in December, the price was equal to that of the previous year. The supply of potato was lower throughout 2020 than in previous years. The price of potato was lower in 2020 than the price charged in 2019,until October 2020. The supply of tomato was low throughout 2020. Additionally, with respect to price, there was a decrease from March to July 2020 and a subsequent increase, surpassing the prices of previous years starting in October. In conclusion, both the supply and price of these vegetables were affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.(AU)
A pandemia causada por Covid-19 afetou a dinâmica de produção, comercialização e consumo das hortaliças. Foi realizado um estudo abrangendo uma hortaliça herbácea, uma hortaliça tuberosa e uma hortaliça fruto, sendo elas, alface, batata e tomate, as quais pertencem ao grupo de hortaliças com maior porcentagem de compra. A partir de dados do atacado do CEASA-MG de 2016 a 2021 objetivou-se avaliar como a pandemia do novo coronavírus afetou o preço e oferta de alface, batata e tomate em 2020 comparado aos anos anteriores. A alface teve oferta constante em 2020 e mais baixa que o ano anterior até o mês de agosto, sendo o preço igualado ao do ano anterior em dezembro. A oferta da batata foi inferior ao longo de 2020 quando comparado aos anos anteriores. O preço da batata foi inferior ao preço praticado em 2019 até outubro de 2020. O tomate teve a oferta mais baixa ao longo de 2020. E, com relação ao preço, houve queda de março a julho de 2020 e posteriormente aumento, superando os preços dos anos anteriores a partir de outubro. Conclui-se que tanto a oferta como o preço dessas hortaliças foram afetadas pela pandemia causada por Covid-19.(AU)
Assuntos
Solanum tuberosum/economia , Solanum lycopersicum/economia , Lactuca/economia , Comercialização de Produtos , COVID-19/economia , BrasilRESUMO
The economical analysis complements the evaluation of the intercrop systems efficiency, considering besides the physical production of crops, the price of products according to their quality classification and time of the year. Intercropping systems of lettuce and cucumber in two plant populations under greenhouse were economically evaluated in winter-spring, in Jaboticabal City, São Paulo State, Brazil. The total operating cost (TOC) of cucumber and lettuce as sole crop and intercropping were estimated, as well as gross revenue (GR) and operating profit (OP). The labor for the crops was the component with greater participation in the TOC of crops in intercropping and single crop. Greater GR and OP were observed in intercrops established by transplanting lettuce and cucumbers on the same day. Considering the operating profit and the land efficient ratio, it is recommended the intercropping of lettuce transplanted until 10 days after the transplanting (DAT) of cucumber with two rows per plot, and at 0 DAT of cucumber grown with a row plot.
Assuntos
Agricultura/métodos , Cucumis sativus , Lactuca/economia , Agricultura/economia , Brasil , Custos e Análise de Custo , Eficiência , Estações do AnoRESUMO
The economical analysis complements the evaluation of the intercrop systems efficiency, considering besides the physical production of crops, the price of products according to their quality classification and time of the year. Intercropping systems of lettuce and cucumber in two plant populations under greenhouse were economically evaluated in winter-spring, in Jaboticabal City, São Paulo State, Brazil. The total operating cost (TOC) of cucumber and lettuce as sole crop and intercropping were estimated, as well as gross revenue (GR) and operating profit (OP). The labor for the crops was the component with greater participation in the TOC of crops in intercropping and single crop. Greater GR and OP were observed in intercrops established by transplanting lettuce and cucumbers on the same day. Considering the operating profit and the land efficient ratio, it is recommended the intercropping of lettuce transplanted until 10 days after the transplanting (DAT) of cucumber with two rows per plot, and at 0 DAT of cucumber grown with a row plot.
A análise econômica complementa a avaliação da eficiência dos cultivos consorciados, considerando além da produção física das culturas, o preço dos produtos segundo sua classificação qualitativa e época do ano. Avaliou-se economicamente consórcios de alface crespa e pepino, em duas populações de plantas, no inverno-primavera, em casa de vegetação, em Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil. Foram calculados o custo operacional total (COT), a receita bruta (RB) e o lucro operacional (LO) das culturas do pepino e alface em monocultura e em consórcio. A mão-de-obra foi a componente com maior participação no COT das culturas em consórcio e monocultura. Maiores RB e LO foram observadas nos cultivos consorciados estabelecidos com o transplante da alface e do pepino no mesmo dia, independente da densidade populacional. Considerando-se o lucro operacional e o índice de uso eficiente da área, recomenda-se o cultivo consorciado com transplante da alface até 10 dias após o transplante (DAT) do pepino, com duas linhas, e ao 0 DAT do pepino cultivado com uma linha no canteiro.