RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Thymic tumors are unusual neoplasms, representing 0.2 to 1.5% of tumors in humans, but correspond to 20% of mediastinal tumors and 50% of those that occur in the anterior mediastinum. They tend to appear around the fourth and fifth decades of life without gender predilection. Up to 30% of patients are asymptomatic, therefore many are incidentally diagnosed. Radical thymectomy is the treatment of choice with high survival rates when detected in the early stages. METHODS: This was a retrospective descriptive study, including 18 adult patients' diagnosis of thymic neoplasm, who were managed with surgical resection from 2011 to 2019. Information about demographics, clinical characteristics, imaging findings, surgical and medical management, plus histological findings was obtained and reported. RESULTS: 18 patients with thymic tumors were included, of which specific histologic studies reveled thymomas, carcinomas, neuroendocrine tumors, thymolipoma and thymic cyst. Mean age was 52.7 years, with a predominance of male population. The main symptom was dyspnea, followed by cough and chest pain. Paraneoplastic syndromes such as myasthenia gravis, aplastic anemia and Cushing syndrome were reported. 89% of cases were treated by radical thymectomy alone, while only 2 cases required chemotherapy and radiotherapy. There were no surgical complications. Mean hospital stay length was 11. 9 days, with only 1 mortality during hospital admission. 5-year survival rate was 81%. CONCLUSIONS: The treatment of choice is radical thymectomy, which has been shown to positively impact patient mortality. Early detection is key to improve patient outcomes.
Assuntos
Síndromes Paraneoplásicas/epidemiologia , Timectomia , Timo/patologia , Neoplasias do Timo/cirurgia , Idoso , Carcinoma/complicações , Carcinoma/diagnóstico , Carcinoma/mortalidade , Carcinoma/cirurgia , Colômbia/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Tempo de Internação/estatística & dados numéricos , Lipoma/complicações , Lipoma/diagnóstico , Lipoma/mortalidade , Lipoma/cirurgia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Tumores Neuroendócrinos/complicações , Tumores Neuroendócrinos/diagnóstico , Tumores Neuroendócrinos/mortalidade , Tumores Neuroendócrinos/cirurgia , Síndromes Paraneoplásicas/etiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Taxa de Sobrevida , Timoma/complicações , Timoma/diagnóstico , Timoma/mortalidade , Timoma/cirurgia , Timo/diagnóstico por imagem , Timo/cirurgia , Neoplasias do Timo/complicações , Neoplasias do Timo/diagnóstico , Neoplasias do Timo/mortalidadeRESUMO
Antecedentes: Los Tumores Retroperitoneales (TRP), constituyen entidades de escasa observación, frecuentemente malignas y, generalmente, de diagnóstico tardío. Su exéresis completa obliga, asiduamente, a resecar órganos vecinos. Objetivo: Analizar las resecciones de TRP realizadas personalmente durante 5 años (1992 a 1996). Lugar de Aplicación: Hospital Angel C. Padilla y práctica privada. Diseño: Estudio retrospectivo. Material y Métodos: se analizan 9 resecciones de TRP en ocho pacientes, cuatro de ellos mujeres. Tres de los diagnósticos fueron intraoperatorios, en tumores benignos; los restantes, clínico, ecográfico y tomográfico. Resultados: No hubo mortalidad peri-operatoria. Las resecciones de lesiones benignas fueron completas. 5 de 8 pacientes presentaban Sarcomas; 4 requirieron resección de órganos vecinos, incluyendo colon izquierdo, bazo y riñón derecho. 3 de 5 Sarcomas fueron Liposarcomas. Ninguno fue considerado irresecable. Conclusiones: Se han resecado ocho TRP primitivos y uno recidivado. Hallazgo intraoperatorio: dos casos. Los restantes se diagnosticaron con Ecografía y TAC. Los Sarcomas representaron 5 de 8 pacientes; de ellos, 3 fueron Liposarcomas. Los dos restantes fueron Condrosarcoma y Fibrohistiocitoma maligno. Un Liposarcoma fue reoperado antes de los 8 meses por recidiva; pero globalmente haan mostrado mejor respuesta al tratamiento. Los dos fallecidos por sus tumores fueron portadores de las otras formas histológicas. La resección de vísceras vecinas fue necesaria en 4 de 5 Sarcomas, no siempre relacionadas con el volumen. Se resecaron colon izquierdo, bazo y riñón derecho. (AU)