RESUMO

Este trabajo está orientado a conocerla influencia que ejerce la pornografía en la construcción de la sexualidad de hombres jóvenes consumidores de la ciudad de Temuco, Chile. De acuerdo con la literatura la pornografía es vista de forma mayoritaria por jóvenes varones que van desde los 12 años hasta su adultez. Esta situación influye en la socialización de los varones y en su concepción de la sexualidad que resulta ser problemática como consecuencia de este consumo. Para esto se realizó una investigación de carácter cualitativo en la cual se aplicaron diez entrevistas semiestructuradas a jóvenes consumidores de 21 a 26 años y a dos expertos (en educación y en sexualidad). Los resultados apuntan a la existencia una fuerte influencia de la pornografía en la sexualidad de los jóvenes. No limitada sólo a la sexualidad, sino que además a la concepción propia de la masculinidad y su rol en las relaciones afectivos-sexuales. Finalmente, los resultados evidencian que los jóvenes reflexionan sobre los elementos negativos que han debido afrontar dadas las sustanciales diferencias que tiene la ficción con la realidad en el consumo de pornografía AU

This work is oriented to know the influence that pornography exerts in the constructionof the sexuality of young male consumers in the city of Temuco, Chile. According to the literature, pornography is viewed mostly by young men ranging from 12 years to adulthood. This situation influences the socialization of men and their conception of sexuality, which turns out to be problematic as a consequence of this consumption. For this, a qualitative investigation was carried out in which ten semi-structured interviews were applied to young consumers between the ages of 21 and 26 and to two experts (in education and in sexuality). The results point to the existence of a strong influence of pornography on the sexuality of young people. Not limited only to sexuality, but also to the own conception of masculinity and its role in affective-sexual relationships. Finally, the results show that young people reflect on the negative elements that they have had to face given the substantial differences between fiction and reality in the consumption of pornography AU

Assuntos

RESUMO

Trata-se de revisão sistemática para investigar as definições de pornografia utilizadas por pesquisadores e os efeitos do consumo desse material nos relacionamentos amorosos. Buscaram-se artigos teóricos ou empíricos, nos idiomas espanhol, inglês e português, publicados em periódicos nacionais e internacionais, indexados nas plataformas eletrônicas Doaj, SciELO e Scopus, que contivessem, em qualquer parte do texto, os termos "pornografia" e "relacionamento". Retornaram 433 documentos que, aplicados os critérios de inclusão e exclusão, resultaram em 45 artigos. Na amostra estudada, material sexualmente explícito parece ser a definição mais aceita de pornografia. Em relação aos aspectos negativos percebidos do consumo de pornografia ao relacionamento, foram elencadas as categorias: prejuízos à saúde, prejuízos ao relacionamento, violência contra as mulheres e aspectos socioculturais. Em relação aos aspectos positivos, foram levantadas as categorias: sexualidade, desenvolvimento pessoal e benefícios ao relacionamento. Os possíveis impactos do consumo de pornografia nos relacionamentos são ainda bastante imprecisos e ambíguos.

This systematic review aims to investigate pornography definitions used by researchers and the effects of the consumption of this material in romantic relationships. We searched for theoretical or empirical papers published in Brazilian and international journals indexed in the DOAJ, SciELO and Scopus electronic platforms, which contained, in any part of the text, the terms "pornography" and "relationship" in Spanish, English or Portuguese. This search resulted in 433 documents that, after application of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, resulted in 45 papers. Within the sample, sexually explicit material seems to be the most accepted definition of pornography. Regarding the perception of negative aspects of pornography consumption on the relationship, the following categories were listed: health damage, relationship impairment, violence against women and social and cultural aspects. In relation to the positive aspects, the categories surveyed were: sexuality, personal development and benefits to the relationship. The possible impacts of pornography consumption in relationships are still quite vague and ambiguous.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Esta pesquisa qualitativa objetiva identificar e compreender as atitudes que homens e mulheres têm em relação à pornografia, bem como verificar as vantagens e desvantagens percebidas do consumo desse tipo de material no comportamento sexual e nos relacionamentos amorosos. Foram entrevistados dez homens e dez mulheres nascidos no Brasil, entre 20 e 30 anos de idade. Da análise de conteúdo emergiram quatro eixos temáticos: definição de pornografia, finalidade do uso, mudanças na forma de uso, e impactos do uso no comportamento sexual e no relacionamento amoroso. Os entrevistados, tanto homens quanto mulheres, elencaram prejuízos e benefícios do uso de forma semelhante, e sugeriram que características pessoais possam ser elementos importantes nessa avaliação. (AU)

This qualitative research aims to identify and understand the attitudes that men and women have regarding pornography and check the advantages and disadvantages perceived of using this type of material in sexual behavior and in love relationships. Ten men and ten women born in Brazil, between 20 and 30 years old were interviewed. From the content analysis emerged four thematic axes: definition of pornography; purpose of use; changes in the way of use; and impacts of use on sexual behavior and loving relationship. Interviewees, both men and women, have shown similar impairments and benefits of use, and have suggested that personal characteristics may be important elements in this assessment. (AU)

Esta investigación cualitativa tiene como objetivo identificar y comprender las actitudes que tienen hombres y mujeres sobre la pornografía y verificar las ventajas y desventajas percibidas del consumo de este tipo de material en el comportamiento sexual y en las relaciones amorosas. Se entrevistaron diez hombres y diez mujeres nacidos en Brasil, entre 20 y 30 años de edad. Del análisis de contenido emergió cuatro temas: la definición de pornografía; el propósito de uso; los cambios en el uso; y los impactos del uso sobre el comportamiento sexual y la relación amorosa. Los encuestados, tanto hombres como mujeres, mencionaron pérdidas y beneficios de utilizar de manera similar, y sugirieron que las características personales pueden ser elementos importantes en la evaluación. (AU)

Assuntos

Assuntos

RESUMO

Previous research has identified a set of core factors that influence moral judgments. The present study addresses the interplay between moral judgments and four factors: (a) incidental affects, (b) sociocultural context, (c) type of dilemma, and (d) participant's sex. We asked participants in two different countries (Colombia and Spain) to judge the acceptability of actions in response to personal and impersonal moral dilemmas. Before each dilemma an affective prime (erotic, pleasant or neutral pictures) was presented suboptimally. Our results show that: a) relative to neutral priming, erotic primes increase the acceptance of harm for a greater good (i.e., more utilitarian judgments), b) relative to Colombians, Spanish participants rated causing harm as less acceptable, c) relative to impersonal dilemmas, personal dilemmas reduced the acceptance of harm, and d) relative to men, women were less likely to consider harm acceptable. Our results are congruent with findings showing that sex is a crucial factor in moral cognition, and they extend previous research by showing the interaction between culture and incidental factors in the making of moral judgments.

Assuntos

RESUMO

There are a few instruments available to measure pornograhy consumption-related constructs, and this lack of instruments can compromise the validity of research findings. The Pornography Consumption Inventory (PCI) assesses four motivations for pornography consumption, and it has been validated in hypersexual men and medical students. However, whether the psychometric properties of this instrument are comparable across genders remains unclear. Multigroup confirmatory factor analysis (MGCFA) was used to verify the invariance of the structure of the PCI across male (100) and female (105) university students. The confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) for each group showed a reasonably good fit of the data to the four-factor model. The MGCFA model included only factor loadings constrained to be equal between both genders (ΔCFI < 0.01 and p > 0.05). However, the ΔCFI did not support a strong and strict factorial invariance, ΔCFI > 0.01. Although both genders seemed to agree with the conceptualization of pornography and motivations for consuming it, the PCI was not gender-invariant, as men showed a stronger degree of motivation to consume pornographic material than women did. The implications of these findings regarding the measurement of motivations for pornography use are outlined.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Although zoophilic blogs and websites attract the attention of zoophiles and others who are curious about this sexual activity, the motivations for consuming this type of pornography are not clear. This study aimed to confirm the factorial validity of the Pornography Consumption Inventory in an online sample of men with sexual interest in animals, and to construct an association model between motivations for pornography consumption and the following psychological variables: depression, sexual impulsiveness, and strength of sexual interest in animals. In this cross-sectional study, we located a website that catered to a network of people with a sexual interest in animals. Subsequently, a questionnaire was made available online to members of this network. Results support the 4-factor model of the Pornography Consumption Inventory. Depression and strength of sexual interest in animals were negatively and positively correlated with the sexual curiosity factor, respectively. Sexual impulsiveness was positively associated with the emotional avoidance, excitement seeking, and sexual pleasure factors. Depression and sexual impulsiveness were positively correlated. Psychological factors can differently motivate the consumption of pornography among men who visit zoophilic blogs and websites. With these preliminary data, we can identify some characteristics of this population.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Few measures are available to examine pornography use constructs, and this can compromise the reliability of statements regarding harmful use of pornography. This study aimed to confirm the factorial validity and internal consistency of the Pornography Consumption Inventory in a sample of male Brazilian university students. The inventory consists of a 4-factor, 15-item, 5-point Likert-type scale. After translation and back-translation of the inventory, it was administered to 100 male medical students. An initial model that included all 15 items of the inventory showed some substandard fit indices. Therefore, another model was tested, excluding an item that had loaded onto two different factors. Goodness-of-fit indices were better for the new model. Overall, findings from this study support using the inventory on Portuguese-speaking individuals. With additional replication across populations, other settings, and treatment-seeking patients, the Pornography Consumption Inventory could also potentially be shortened to 14 items.

Assuntos

RESUMO

El objetivo de este capítulo es articular los conceptos de sabiduría y erotismo con el fin de considerar los recursos positivos de los adultos mayores en relación a la sexualidad a lo largo del curso vital. Conocer los modos en que se redimensionan los goces eróticos en una etapa vital donde se pueden hallar limitaciones físicas y culturales puede resultar de gran valor tanto a nivel individual como social. La sabiduría del erotismo busca indicar como se conforma un recurso cognitivo, reflexivo y emocional para tratar las variables circunstancias biológicas y culturales sobre la sexualidad. De esta manera se posibilitaría la formación de goces supletorios que fortalecerían la integridad personal. A modo de conclusión hallamos que en el envejecimiento, frente a ciertos cambios que limitan o imposibilitan la genitalidad, se despliegan tres modos alternativos que: - multiplican las áreas disponibles de goce como en el fantaseo, la ponderación de otros espacios de disfrute y variadas formas de acceso al mismo; - aumentan la importancia que toma la figura de un erotismo amoroso con la pareja, y - posibilitan encontrar formas alternativas de disfrute de la belleza. Este capítulo se basa en fuentes teóricas y datos empíricos surgidos de investigaciones cualitativas.(AU)

The aim of this chapter is to articulate the concepts of wisdom and eroticism in order to consider the positive resources of the elderly in relation to sexuality throughout life. Knowing the ways in which the erotic pleasures are reconsidered at a vital stage where physical and cultural constraints can be found, may be of great value to both individual and social levels. Wisdom in eroticism seeks for the source of eroticism as a cognitive, reflective and emotional resource to treat its biological and cultural variables in sexuality. Therefore, alternative ways of obtaining pleasure can be found to strengthen personal integrity. In conclusion, the elderly, when facing certain changes that limit or prevent the sexual act, display the following three alternatives: - They multiply the areas available for enjoyment such as fantasizing, and finding ways of enjoying each other; - They increase the importance of amorous exchange in the couple; and - They find alternative ways to enjoy beauty. This chapter is based on theoretical sources and empirical evidence obtained through qualitative research.

O objetivo deste artigo é articular os conceitos de sabedoria e erotismo, a fim de considerar os recursos positivos do idoso em relação à sexualidade ao longo da vida. Conhecer as formas, em que os prazeres eróticos redimensionam numa fase vital, em que se podem encontrar restrições físicas e culturais, pode ser de grande valor tanto em nível individual como social. A sabedoria do erotismo busca configurar-se como um recurso cognitivo, reflexivo e emocional que está em conformidade para tratar variadas circunstâncias biológicas e culturais sobre a sexualidade. Dessa forma, formas alternativas de prazeres que reforçariam a integridade pessoal. Em conclusão, os idosos, quando enfrentam determinadas alterações que limitam ou impedem o ato sexual, apresentam as três seguintes alternativas: - eles multiplicam as áreas disponíveis de diversão, tais como fantasiar e encontrar modos de apreciar uns aos outros; - aumentar a importância da troca amorosa de casal, e - encontrar possíveis formas alternativas para desfrutar da beleza. Este capítulo é baseado em fontes teóricas e dados empíricos obtidos por meio da pesquisa qualitativa.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

The prefrontal cortex and its connections with other cortical areas participate in processing erotic stimuli and hence sexual arousal. Visual erotic stimuli elicit sexual arousal that is associated with changes in electroencephalographic activity. The electroencephalographic correlation analysis provides information on the functional synchronization among areas. This study analyzed the functional interaction among the prefrontal, parietal, and temporal cortices during sexual arousal in young men induced by observing erotic photographs. In 2 groups of heterosexual men-an erotic stimulation group and a neutral stimulation group-the authors recorded electroencephalograms at the F3, F4, T3, T4, P3, and P4 derivations under 2 conditions: baseline and visual stimulation. Heart rate was monitored as a measure of peripheral activation. Participants in the erotic stimulation group reported a moderate degree of sexual arousal and a decrease in heart rate. Decreased inter- and intrahemispheric correlations of the fast frequencies were obtained only in erotic stimulation. These data support differential hemisphere participation in modulating sexual arousal and show that decreased synchronization patterns between prefrontal and posterior cortices (parietal and temporal) favor sexual arousal in young men. The results of this study may contribute to a better understanding of the central nervous system's mechanisms that underlie sexual arousal.

Assuntos