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RESUMO

Malakoplakia is a rare chronic inflammatory disease associated with gram-negative bacterial infections frequently caused by Escherichia coli. Malakoplakia usually affects the lower urinary tract (bladder) but there are cases described in the kidney as well as in the respiratory and digestive organs. We report on a case with renal parenchymal malakoplakia in a renal transplant patient and describe the pathological lesions of malakoplakia: histiocytic proliferation with scarce inflammatory infiltrate, histiocytes with acidophilic cytoplasm and the presence of characteristic Michaelis-Gutmann bodies. The authors in this study review the updated reports related to the entity in this uncommon localization, the association with an immunocompromised patient, the macroscopic presentation as a pseudotumoral lesion and the possible relationship with the xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis as a form of a histopathological spectrum in patients affected with gram negative urinary tract infection.

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La malacoplakia es una rara lesión granulomatosa crónica que puede estar asociada a un carcinoma colorrectal. Se presenta un caso de una mujer de 70 años con antecedente de colectomía derecha por un cáncer de ciego obstructivo y abscedado que invadía la pared abdominal y un asa de intestino delgado. La anatomía patológica informó un adenocarcinoma semidiferenciado pT4pN2pMo, con áreas de necrosis e infiltrados inflamatorios considerándose la cirugía paliativa. A los 5 meses presentó una masa palpable en flanco derecho fistulizada a piel, que se interpretó como neoplasia residual/recurrente. Comprometía la pared abdominal anterolateral, la región paravertebral y el músculo psoas derechos. Fue reoperada resecándose todo el tumor macroscópico, que comprendía una recidiva en intestino delgado con una malacoplakia extensa que involucraba el retroperitoneo, la anastomosis ileocólica y la pared abdominal, fistulizando a piel. Este caso confirma la asociación de carcinoma colorrectal y malacoplakia. Es importante conocer esta entidad dado que la extensa reacción inflamatoria que a veces rodea el carcinoma puede simular enfermedad avanzada, llevando a resecciones excesivas, o conductas paliativas por considerar imposible la cirugía con intento curativo. (AU)

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Malacoplakia is a chronic granulomatous disease of unknown origin. However immunodeficiency states (immunossuppressive medication, old people, renal transplantation, leukaemia, diabetes mellitus, malnutrition and others) have been associated with patients with malacoplakia. An infectious cause of malakiplakia is suggested by the finding of coliform bacteria in the phagolysosomes of macrophages. The histologic study is characterized by a infiltrate of large macrophages (Hansenmann cells) with pathognomonic inclusions containing siderocalcific structures (Michaelis-Gutmann bodies). Most of the cases reported in literature, involve the genitourinary tract, but other structures can be affected (brain, bone, adrenal glands, lymph nodes, intestine, and others). A 66-year-old man whith a abdominal mass, went to our hospital with a colonic tumour diagnosis. The patient was submitted to a surgery, with resection of the rigth colon. The disease was invading a portion of the retroperitoneal tissue that was removed. The histopatologic study showed the pathognomonic sign of malakoplakia (Hansenmann cells and Michaelis-Gutmann bodies). Norfloxacin have been used to the complementar treatment with total cure of the patient

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Os autores relatam um caso de malacoplasia acometendo o intestino grosso, bexiga e retropertônio, doença rara, principalmente pelo comprometimento de mais de um órgäo. Trata-se do segundo caso observado em nosso Serviço, envolvendo os mesmos órgäos. Estudam os meios diagnósticos e terapêuticos e däo ênfase à associaçäo sulfametoxazol-trimetoprim (SMZ-TM) e ácido ascórbico, que se mostrou eficiente a longo prazo na resoluçäo da enfermidade

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A case of malakoplakia of the colon in a 55-year-old female patient with a massive hemorrhage of the rectum is reported. A barium enema showed polypoid lesions (pseudopolyps). Colonoscopy revealed white-yellowish nodules simulating small pustulae all along the colon at 2 cm from the anal verge. A laparatomy disclosed lobulated intraluminal masses and yellowish lesions in the form of transcolonic plates infiltrating the duodenal wall as well as a fair amount of lymph nodes in the mesentery. We performed a proctocolectomy. The histologic study showed massive infiltrate of histiocytes and numerous Michaelis-Gutmann bodies. This disease is usually found in the urinary tract and rarely found in the colon. The importance of proper histologic examination in order to arrive at a correct diagnosis is emphasized.

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A rare case of testicular malacoplakia is described herein. To our knowledge only 32 cases have been reported up to 1989. The microscopic features are described and the literature is briefly reviewed.

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Renal malacoplakia is a rare entity with less frequency in children. In the past 7 years it was the first case reported in a third level regional hospital. The present clinical case showed chronic urinary tract infection and IVP showed right renal exclusion. He was nephrectomized on the right side because of arterial hypertension which started in the third year of the illness. The diagnosis was made after the surgery by microscopic examination, with the characteristic Michaelis-Gutmann bodies being shown.

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