RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To analyze women's perception of the quality of the service provided for colposcopy test in the city of Belém (PA), Brazil. METHOD: Quantitative-descriptive study on 400 women who underwent Pap test on the public healthcare network, using the Service Quality (SERVQUAL) model. We used the Cronbach's alpha index to measure the reliability of the scale, and data were analyzed by quartiles of the gaps of the dimensions: tangibility, responsiveness, reliability, assurance, and empathy. RESULTS: The assurance dimension, corresponding to the knowledge and courtesy of staff, featured the highest degree of importance to users; and empathy, which corresponds to the staff's concern with women's needs, featured the lower degree. The most expressive negative gaps concerned the structure of services and the attitude of healthcare professionals when collecting the material. CONCLUSION: All gaps featured negative relationship between what was expected and perceived, expressing dissatisfaction regarding the service.
Assuntos
Colonoscopia/normas , Teste de Papanicolaou/métodos , Satisfação do Paciente , Percepção , Manejo de Espécimes/normas , Adulto , Idoso , Brasil , Colonoscopia/psicologia , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Teste de Papanicolaou/normas , Qualidade da Assistência à Saúde/normas , Manejo de Espécimes/psicologia , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze women's perception of the quality of the service provided for colposcopy test in the city of Belém (PA), Brazil. Method: Quantitative-descriptive study on 400 women who underwent Pap test on the public healthcare network, using the Service Quality (SERVQUAL) model. We used the Cronbach's alpha index to measure the reliability of the scale, and data were analyzed by quartiles of the gaps of the dimensions: tangibility, responsiveness, reliability, assurance, and empathy. Results: The assurance dimension, corresponding to the knowledge and courtesy of staff, featured the highest degree of importance to users; and empathy, which corresponds to the staff's concern with women's needs, featured the lower degree. The most expressive negative gaps concerned the structure of services and the attitude of healthcare professionals when collecting the material. Conclusion: All gaps featured negative relationship between what was expected and perceived, expressing dissatisfaction regarding the service.
RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar la percepción de mujeres acerca de la calidad del servicio de colpocitología oncótica en Belém (PA). Método: Estudio cuantitativo-descriptivo con 400 mujeres que realizaron el examen de colpocitología oncótica en la red pública de salud, utilizando el modelo Service Quality (SERVQUAL). Se utilizó el Alpha de Cronbach para medir la confiabilidad de la escala, y los datos fueron analizados por los cuartiles de los gaps de las dimensiones: tangibilidad, responsividad, confiabilidad, credibilidad y empatía. Resultados: La dimensión credibilidad, correspondiente al conocimiento y a la cortesía de los funcionarios, presentó mayor grado de importancia para las usuarias; y la empatía, que corresponde a la preocupación demostrada por los funcionarios con las necesidades de las mujeres, exhibió menor grado. Los gaps negativos más expresivos se refieren a la estructura de los servicios y a la actitud de los profesionales con ocasión de la recolección del material. Conclusión: Todos los gaps presentaron relación negativa entre lo esperado y lo percibido expresando la insatisfacción con relación al servicio.
RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a percepção de mulheres acerca da qualidade do serviço de colpocitologia oncótica em Belém (PA). Método: Estudo quantitativo-descritivo com 400 mulheres que realizaram o exame de colpocitologia oncótica na rede pública de saúde, utilizando o modelo Service Quality (SERVQUAL). Utilizou-se o Alpha de Cronbach para medir a confiabilidade da escala, e os dados foram analisados pelos quartis dos gaps das dimensões: tangibilidade, responsividade, confiabilidade, credibilidade e empatia. Resultados: A dimensão credibilidade, correspondente ao conhecimento e cortesia dos funcionários, apresentou maior grau de importância para as usuárias, e a empatia, que corresponde à preocupação demonstrada pelos funcionários com as necessidades das mulheres, exibiu menor grau. Os gaps negativos mais expressivos dizem respeito à estrutura dos serviços e a atitude dos profissionais por ocasião da coleta de material. Conclusão: Todos os gaps apresentaram relação negativa entre o esperado e o percebido expressando a insatisfação em relação ao serviço.
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Idoso , Percepção , Manejo de Espécimes/normas , Colonoscopia/normas , Satisfação do Paciente , Teste de Papanicolaou/métodos , Qualidade da Assistência à Saúde/normas , Manejo de Espécimes/psicologia , Brasil , Inquéritos e Questionários , Colonoscopia/psicologia , Teste de Papanicolaou/normas , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
The objective of this study was to analyze health agents' perception of self-collecting of samples for HPV testing among women and the degree of agreement by the agents to incorporate this approach into their daily tasks. A self-administered questionnaire was applied to 127/191 health agents that participated in the EMA Project (Proyecto Evaluación Modalidad Autotoma) in the province of Jujuy, Argentina, in 2012-2013. The health agents with and without the experience of offering self-collected sampling expressed a high degree of agreement towards adoption of the strategy (78.7%), given its potential to prevent cervical cancer and its contribution to health care for the women under their coverage. However, the health agents identified the extra work and problems linking to the formal health system as the main barriers to offering this modality in the future. The study found that self-collecting of samples is a practice that can be adopted by health agents in the province of Jujuy, but that it should be accompanied by support measures from the formal health system.
Assuntos
Agentes Comunitários de Saúde , Programas de Rastreamento/métodos , Infecções por Papillomavirus/diagnóstico , Autocuidado , Manejo de Espécimes/psicologia , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/prevenção & controle , Adulto , Argentina , Detecção Precoce de Câncer , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Papillomaviridae , Cooperação do Paciente , Manejo de Espécimes/métodosRESUMO
Resumen: El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la percepción que poseen los agentes sanitarios sobre el ofrecimiento de la autotoma del test de VPH a las mujeres y el grado de acuerdo de los agentes para incorporarla a sus tareas diarias. Para ello, se aplicó una encuesta auto-administrada a 127/191 agentes sanitarios que participaron del Proyecto EMA (Proyecto Evaluación Modalidad Autotoma), llevado a cabo en la provincia de Jujuy (Argentina) entre 2012-2013. Los agentes sanitarios que tuvieron y no la experiencia de ofrecer la autotoma manifestaron un alto grado de acuerdo para la adopción de la estrategia (78,7%), dado su potencial para prevenir el cáncer cervicouterino y los aportes que brinda al cuidado de la salud de las mujeres bajo su cobertura. Sin embargo, señalaron la sobrecarga de trabajo y los problemas de articulación con el sistema formal de salud, como los principales obstáculos para ofrecer esta modalidad en el futuro. Este estudio encontró que la autotoma es una práctica que puede ser adoptada por los agentes sanitarios de la provincia de Jujuy, pero debe ir acompañada de acciones de apoyo por parte del sistema de salud formal.
Abstract: The objective of this study was to analyze health agents’ perception of self-collecting of samples for HPV testing among women and the degree of agreement by the agents to incorporate this approach into their daily tasks. A self-administered questionnaire was applied to 127/191 health agents that participated in the EMA Project (Proyecto Evaluación Modalidad Autotoma) in the province of Jujuy, Argentina, in 2012-2013. The health agents with and without the experience of offering self-collected sampling expressed a high degree of agreement towards adoption of the strategy (78.7%), given its potential to prevent cervical cancer and its contribution to health care for the women under their coverage. However, the health agents identified the extra work and problems linking to the formal health system as the main barriers to offering this modality in the future. The study found that self-collecting of samples is a practice that can be adopted by health agents in the province of Jujuy, but that it should be accompanied by support measures from the formal health system.
Resumo: Este estudo objetivou analisar a percepção que possuem os agentes sanitários sobre o oferecimento da autoadministração do teste de HPV a mulheres e o nível de compromisso dos agentes em incorporá-la a suas tarefas diárias. Para isso, foi aplicada uma pesquisa autoadministrada entre 127/191 agentes sanitários que participaram do Projeto EMA (Proyecto Evaluación Modalidad Autotoma), realizada na província de Jujuy (Argentina) no período 2012-2013. Os agentes sanitários que tiveram e não a experiência de oferecer a autoadministração manifestaram um alto grau de compromisso para a aprovação da estratégia (78,7%), devido ao seu potencial para prevenir o câncer do colo do útero e os aportes que presenta para o cuidado da saúde das mulheres sob sua cobertura. No entanto, mostraram uma sobrecarga de trabalho e problemas de articulação com o sistema público de saúde, como os principais obstáculos para oferecer esta modalidade em um futuro. Este estudo encontrou que a autoadministração é una prática que pode ser adotada pelos agentes sanitários da província de Jujuy, no entanto deve ir acompanhada de ações de apoio por parte do sistema público de saúde.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Autocuidado , Manejo de Espécimes/psicologia , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/prevenção & controle , Programas de Rastreamento/métodos , Agentes Comunitários de Saúde , Infecções por Papillomavirus/diagnóstico , Papillomaviridae , Argentina , Manejo de Espécimes/métodos , Cooperação do Paciente , Detecção Precoce de CâncerRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Hispanic women living along the US border with Mexico have one of the highest cervical cancer mortality rates in the nation, owing in part to lower rates of screening. The barriers to screening in this population include lack of access to care and fear of and embarrassment about the pelvic examination. Screening for oncogenic or high-risk human papillomavirus during cervical cytology has been added to screening recommendations. A novel method for human papillomavirus testing is self-sampling, in which women collect their own cervicovaginal samples. There is lack of information about the acceptability of self-sampling as an alternative to cytology for cervical cancer screening in women living along the US-Mexico border. METHODS: We conducted five focus groups with women between the ages of 30 and 65 who were primary care patients of clinics along the US-Mexico border. We used constructs from different health behavioral theories as a framework for the interview guide. RESULTS: A total of 21 women participated in the focus groups, 80% of whom were Hispanic; mean age was 53.4 (standard deviation 7.9). More than one-third (38%) of the participants had not undergone a Papanicolaou test in the last 3 years. Women identified the perceived benefits of self-sampling as ease, convenience, practicability, less embarrassment, and need for child care as compared with a Papanicolaou test. The main barrier to self-sampling was concern about not performing the test correctly. CONCLUSIONS: In this qualitative study, we found positive attitudes toward self-sampling among women living along the US border with Mexico. Further research is needed to evaluate interventions that address women's low levels of self-efficacy to perform the test and to evaluate the effectiveness of self-sampling in increasing cervical cancer screening rates.
Assuntos
Detecção Precoce de Câncer/psicologia , Hispânico ou Latino , Aceitação pelo Paciente de Cuidados de Saúde/etnologia , Autocuidado/psicologia , Manejo de Espécimes/psicologia , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/diagnóstico , Esfregaço Vaginal/psicologia , Adulto , Idoso , Detecção Precoce de Câncer/métodos , Feminino , Grupos Focais , Comportamentos Relacionados com a Saúde , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde/etnologia , Humanos , México/etnologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Teste de Papanicolaou/psicologia , Aceitação pelo Paciente de Cuidados de Saúde/psicologia , Atenção Primária à Saúde , Teoria Psicológica , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Autocuidado/métodos , Autoeficácia , Manejo de Espécimes/métodos , Estados Unidos , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/etnologia , Esfregaço Vaginal/métodosRESUMO
The validity of epidemiological surveys and the success of helminth control programmes based on the diagnosis of infection depend upon an accurate screening procedure. The success of all school-based control programmes, whether they involve prior diagnosis or not, depends on the level of school attendance and school enrollment. The degree to which compliance and school absenteeism may affect estimates of helminth infection and the coverage of treatment was investigated using empirical data from a survey conducted in 3 rural schools in Jamaica. Two sequential stool samples were requested from each child aged 9 to 12 years and screened for the presence and intensity of helminth infection using the Kato thick smear technique. Of the 696 children recruited into the study, 94% agreed to participate but only 90% of these children actually provided a stool sample for diagnosis and only 74% returned the second stool. Children infected with moderate to heavy loads of Trichuris trichiura were less likely to comply fully with the protocol than the uninfected children. They also took longer to comply and were absent from school more often than their uninfected counterparts. Increasing the sampling effort increased the compliance of all infected, and heavily infected, children. By giving them the option to comply, heavily infected children were under-represented by the sampling procedure. This has important implications for the design of control programmes and epidemiological surveys.
Assuntos
Absenteísmo , Cooperação do Paciente , Tricuríase/diagnóstico , Criança , Fezes/parasitologia , Feminino , Humanos , Jamaica , Masculino , Contagem de Ovos de Parasitas , Manejo de Espécimes/psicologia , Tricuríase/tratamento farmacológico , Tricuríase/parasitologia , Tricuríase/psicologiaRESUMO
The validity of epidemiological surveys and the success of helminth control programmes based on the diagnosis of infection depend upon an accurate screening procedure. The success of all school-based control programmes, whether they involve prior diagnosis or not, depends on the level of school attendance and school enrollment. The degree to which compliance and school absenteeism may affect estimates of helminth infection and the coverage of treatment was investigated using empirical data from a survey conducted in 3 rural schools in Jamaica. Two sequential stool samples were requested from each child aged 9 to 12 years and screened for the presence and intensity of helminth infection using the Kato thicksmear technique. Of the 696 children recruited into the study, 94 percent agreed to participate but only 90 percent of these children actually provided a stool sample for diagnosis and only 74 percent returned the second stool. Children infected with moderate to heavy loads of Trichuris trichiura were less likely to comply fully with the protocol than the uninfected children. They also took longer to comply and were absent from school more often than their uninfected counterparts. Increasing the sample effort increased the compliance of all infected, and heavily infected, children. By giving them the option to comply, heavily infected children were under-represented by the sampling procedure. This has important implications for the design of control programmes and epidemiological surveys (AU)